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Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary advantages of studying medical terminology?
What is one of the primary advantages of studying medical terminology?
Which of the following best describes the origin of most medical terms?
Which of the following best describes the origin of most medical terms?
Which element of a medical term usually indicates the condition or disease?
Which element of a medical term usually indicates the condition or disease?
How many primary elements are there in medical terminology that need to be identified?
How many primary elements are there in medical terminology that need to be identified?
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What is the significance of understanding singular and plural endings in medical terms?
What is the significance of understanding singular and plural endings in medical terms?
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What is the meaning of the term 'aetiology'?
What is the meaning of the term 'aetiology'?
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What does the term 'morbidity' refer to in medical terminology?
What does the term 'morbidity' refer to in medical terminology?
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Which suffix would you use to turn 'diagnosis' into its plural form?
Which suffix would you use to turn 'diagnosis' into its plural form?
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What indicates that 'component' is a prefix in medical terms?
What indicates that 'component' is a prefix in medical terms?
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What does the term 'terminal' describe in a medical context?
What does the term 'terminal' describe in a medical context?
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What does a combining form consist of?
What does a combining form consist of?
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Which of the following suffixes indicates a surgical procedure?
Which of the following suffixes indicates a surgical procedure?
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What does the suffix '-trophy' indicate?
What does the suffix '-trophy' indicate?
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Which word root corresponds to the liver?
Which word root corresponds to the liver?
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What does the combining form 'nephr/o' refer to?
What does the combining form 'nephr/o' refer to?
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Which of the following is an example of a suffix indicating a condition?
Which of the following is an example of a suffix indicating a condition?
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Which Greek root means 'heart'?
Which Greek root means 'heart'?
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What does the term 'arthrocentesis' refer to?
What does the term 'arthrocentesis' refer to?
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What does the suffix '-scopy' represent in medical terminology?
What does the suffix '-scopy' represent in medical terminology?
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Which prefix indicates 'slow' in medical terms?
Which prefix indicates 'slow' in medical terms?
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What does the root word 'tome' refer to in medical terminology?
What does the root word 'tome' refer to in medical terminology?
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Which of the following prefixes means 'without'?
Which of the following prefixes means 'without'?
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What does the suffix '-metry' indicate?
What does the suffix '-metry' indicate?
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Which prefix denotes 'two' in medical terminology?
Which prefix denotes 'two' in medical terminology?
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What is the meaning of the suffix '-opsy'?
What is the meaning of the suffix '-opsy'?
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Which of the following describes the correct way to define 'endocarditis'?
Which of the following describes the correct way to define 'endocarditis'?
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Study Notes
Medical Terminology
- Medical terminology is a specialized vocabulary used by healthcare professionals for effective communication.
- It's primarily based on Greek and Latin words, making it consistent globally.
- Medical terms are composed of elements: roots, suffixes, prefixes, and combining vowels. Combining forms (CFs) are word roots (WR) plus a vowel (typically 'o').
- Understanding the components of medical terms aids accurate interpretation.
Course Objectives
- Apply basic medical word-building principles.
- Accurately pronounce medical terms.
- Define common medical terms.
- Relate medical terms to anatomy, physiology, diseases, drugs, and diagnostic tests.
- Identify medical terminology in reports.
Advantages of Studying Medical Terminology
- Precise explanation of medical cases to others.
- Eliminates ambiguity and misunderstanding.
- Enables communication among healthcare professionals from varied backgrounds and languages.
Lecture Objectives
- Identify and distinguish different elements of medical terms (roots, suffixes, prefixes, combining forms).
- Understand how medical terms are broken down into elements.
- Apply rules to define and build medical terms.
- Apply pronunciation guides and interpret pronunciation marks accurately.
- Define singular and plural rules.
Origin of Medical Terms
- Hippocrates is considered the "father of medicine".
- 75% of medical terms originate from Greek or Latin words.
Defining Medical Words—Rules
- Define the suffix/ending first.
- Define the prefix/beginning, second.
- Define the middle of the word components.
Medical Terms (Diseases & Disorders)
- Study: examining the cause of diseases or disorders
- Signs: observable evidence of a disease or disorder's presence.
- Symptoms: indicators of disease, felt by the patient.
- Disease: signs and symptoms that disrupt normal body function.
- Diagnosis: finding the cause of the signs and symptoms.
- Prognosis: prediction of the disease's outcome/recovery.
- Morbidity: presence of illness or diseases.
- Mortality: death.
- Acute: sudden onset, intense, and short-duration conditions.
- Chronic: slowly developing, persistent condition.
- Terminal: diseases expected to cause death.
Pronunciation Hints
- Consonants before certain vowels change pronunciation (e.g., 'c' before 'a, o, u' = */k/; 'c' before 'e, i' = */s/).
- Combination of consonants (e.g., 'ph') can change pronunciation.
Singular-Plural Medical Terms
- Understand the rules for forming plurals from singular forms of medical terms.
Word Roots (WR)
- Typically derived from Greek/Latin.
- Often represent a body part or a key concept.
- Example: Cardiology (cardio = heart).
Combining Forms (CF)
- Combining form (CF) is derived from combining WR and a vowel, (typically 'o')
- These CFs also relate to parts, conditions, procedures or other concepts.
Suffixes
- Indicate a procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech.
- Primarily derived from Greek and Latin.
- Examples (using arth, thoraco, gastr):
- arthrocentisis (joint puncture)
- thoracotomy (chest incision)
- gastromegaly (stomach enlargement)
Disorder Suffixes
- Indicate conditions, tumors (omas), abnormal conditions, swelling, and more.
- Examples:
- -ema (swelling)
- -osis (abnormal condition)
- -oma (tumour)
Prefixes
- Word elements located at the beginning of a word.
- Generally modify the meaning (like a descriptor) of the word.
- Examples:
- a- (without, absence of)
- hyper- (excessive)
- intra- (within)
Number Prefixes (e.g., bi-, hemi-, mono-, multi-, poly-, quad-, semi-, tri-, uni-)
- Specific prefixes indicate numerical values(e.g., bi- = two, hemi = half).
Other Suffixes
- Indicating surgical procedures (e.g., -ectomy, -plasty, -tomy)
- Indicating diagnostic procedures (e.g., -gram, -graphy, -metry, -scopy)
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of medical terminology, focusing on the construction of medical terms using roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Understanding these principles is essential for effective communication in the healthcare field. Explore how medical terminology aids in the interpretation of anatomy, physiology, and medical reports.
