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Questions and Answers
Medical terminology is derived mostly from Latin and Greek words.
Medical terminology is derived mostly from Latin and Greek words.
True (A)
A competent medical assistant must learn every possible medical term.
A competent medical assistant must learn every possible medical term.
False (B)
A medical dictionary and a reputable Internet site are two good resources for learning new medical terms.
A medical dictionary and a reputable Internet site are two good resources for learning new medical terms.
True (A)
A combining vowel is sometimes added when joining a word root with a suffix or another root.
A combining vowel is sometimes added when joining a word root with a suffix or another root.
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A prefix is a word element that is placed at the end of a word to alter its meaning.
A prefix is a word element that is placed at the end of a word to alter its meaning.
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The word root for tongue is lingu.
The word root for tongue is lingu.
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A suffix is a word element that is added to the end of a word.
A suffix is a word element that is added to the end of a word.
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Which term is a combining form?
Which term is a combining form?
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The word root athr means ______.
The word root athr means ______.
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A word root that means white is ______.
A word root that means white is ______.
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The word roots hem and hemat both mean ______.
The word roots hem and hemat both mean ______.
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The ______ region describes where the navel is found.
The ______ region describes where the navel is found.
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Inflammation of the heart muscle is called ______.
Inflammation of the heart muscle is called ______.
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The thoracic cavity contains the heart and the ______.
The thoracic cavity contains the heart and the ______.
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A directional term that means the front side of the body is ______.
A directional term that means the front side of the body is ______.
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course: APCVS
- Week: 1
Lesson Objectives
- Students will define and spell terms for the chapter.
- Students will identify and discuss medical terminology word parts.
- Students will analyze, build, spell, and pronounce medical words.
Word Parts Are the Key!
- Four basic types of word parts create complex medical terms
- Word roots
- Combining forms
- Suffixes
- Prefixes
Analyzing a Medical Term
- Medical terms are analyzed using roots, combining vowels, and suffixes.
- Example: HEMAT/O/LOGY
- Root: (“blood”)
- Combining vowel:
- Suffix: ("study of")
Derivation of Healthcare Terms
- Most medical terms are derived from Greek and Latin.
- Examples include gloss/o (Greek) and lingu/o (Latin)
- Word roots typically, but not always, indicate the body part involved.
Word Roots
- Examples
- cardi- = heart
- gastr- = stomach
- hepat- = liver
- neur- = nerve
- Note: Word roots don't always mean "pertaining to."
Some Word Roots and Their Combining Forms
- Word Roots: arth, cardi, gastr, hepat, lingu, oste, pneum
- Combining Forms: arthr/o, cardi/o, gastr/o, hepat/o, lingu/o, oste/o, pneum/o
Word Parts, continued – Suffixes
- Suffixes appear at the end of a term.
- Often indicate a pathological condition, diagnostic procedure, or a therapeutic intervention.
- Examples:
- cardiomegaly
- gastralgia
- neuritis
Some Suffixes
- -itis = inflammation
- -scopy = visual examination
- -tomy = surgical incision
- -ectomy = surgical removal, excision, or resection
- -ia, -al, -ic = pertaining to
- -logy = study of
- -megaly = enlargement
- -stomy = create an artificial opening
Prefixes
- Prefixes appear before a combining form.
- They often, but not always, indicate location, time, number, or status.
- They give more information about a term.
- Examples:
- Pericardium = surrounding the heart
- Epigastric = pertaining to above the stomach
- Polyneuritis = inflammation of many nerves
Some Prefixes
- sub- = under
- hyper- = above, increased
- hypo- = below, decreased
- dys- = difficult, painful
- ante- = before
- anti- = against
- pre- = before
- peri- = surrounding
The Power of Learning Medical Terminology
- Memorizing word parts and rules helps analyze and build medical terms quickly.
- A combining form wheel can aid in this process.
Analyzing Terms
- Memorizing prefixes, word roots, and suffixes allows effective medical term analysis.
- Taking terms apart helps discern word building patterns and meanings.
- Examples: Electr = electricity; Cardi = heart; Gram = record
Analyzing Terms, continued
- Sublingual is a three-part word: sub- (under), lingu- (tongue), and -al (pertaining to).
- A short definition: pertaining to under the tongue.
Determining Meanings on the Basis of Word Parts
- Combining vowels: Make medical terms easier to pronounce.
- Examples:
- Cardiologist: cardi/o = heart + logist = specialist
- Gastritis: gastr/o = stomach + itis = inflammation
- Neuralgia: neur = nerves + algia = pain
Building Healthcare Terms, continued
- Combining forms are joined to suffixes (with or without a combing vowel, dependent on whether the following suffix starts with a consonant or vowel).
- Prefixes are joined directly to the combining form.
Singular/Plural Rules
- If a term ends in -a, drop the -a and add -ae. (e.g., vertebra → vertebrae)
- If a term ends in -is, drop the -is and add -es. (e.g., diagnosis → diagnoses)
- Other rules: -nx, -um, and -us.
Let's Review
- Definitions of prefixes and suffixes.
- Importance of Greek and Latin word origins.
- Correct usage of combining vowels.
Practice Question Answers
- Medical terminology is mostly derived from Latin and Greek words, (True)
- A medical assistant does not need to memorize all medical terms. (False)
- Medical dictionaries and reputable Internet sites are helpful learning resources. (True)
- Combining vowels are sometimes added when attaching word roots with suffixes or other roots, (True)
- A prefix is placed at the beginning of a word, not at the end. (False)
- The word root for tongue is lingu. (True)
- A suffix comes at the end of a word. (True)
Practice Question(s) – Additional
- The word root for a joint is athr.
- The word root for white is leuk.
- The word root for the region where the navel is located is umbilical.
- The thoracic cavity includes the heart and lungs.
- Anterior (or ventral) means the front part.
Why Learn Anatomy and Physiology
- Effective communication between healthcare workers.
- Reduction in medical errors.
- Definition of anatomy and physiology.
Anatomical Position
- Body orientation that serves as a standard reference point.
- Face forward, palms forward, standing erect, legs together
Body Cavities
- Dorsal cavity: cranial and spinal
- Ventral cavity: thoracic (contains the pleural and pericardial cavities), abdominal, and pelvic. Describes where body parts are located and functions using body regions, body planes, and directions.
Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions
- Abdominopelvic quadrants (4): right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower regions.
- Abdominopelvic regions (9): right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, etc.
Planes of the Body
- Sagittal plane: Divides the body into left and right portions.
- Midsagittal plane: A type of sagittal plane, dividing the body into equal left and right halves.
- Frontal (or coronal) plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
- Transverse plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.
Positional and Directional Terms
- Terms used to describe body locations relative to a position.
- Terms like anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal, supine, prone are all explained.
Body Systems: Structure and Function
- Descriptions on organization of systems and their roles.
- Detailed information on each major system
- Include: Urinary, Digestive, Respiratory, Reproductive, Circulatory, Immune, Endocrine, Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous.
Organization of the Human Body
- Describes the human organism as a whole.
- Includes body systems (collections of organs), organs (collections of tissues), tissues (collections of cells), and cells (basic units of life).
- Includes homeostasis (equilibrium) and constant internal environment.
Cells, continued
- Discusses cell functions (energy & metabolism, and cell components.
Tissues, continued
- Discusses four types of tissues.
Additional Summary
- Provides medical terminology practice questions and answers
Brain Teaser
- Definition of a lung disease caused by inhaling fine silicon dust.
Proper Probe Positioning for Oral Temperature
- Illustrates proper probe placement for oral temperature measurement.
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Description
Test your knowledge of fundamental medical terminology derived from Latin and Greek. This quiz covers essential word elements like roots, prefixes, and suffixes, as well as common medical terms and their meanings. Perfect for beginner medical assistants and anyone interested in healthcare language.
