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Medical Terminology and EKG Concepts
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Medical Terminology and EKG Concepts

Created by
@RapturousSunflower

Questions and Answers

What does CC stand for in medical terminology?

  • Cardiac Complication
  • Chronic Condition
  • Chief Complaint (correct)
  • Cervical Cancer

    • What is a segment in the context of waveforms?

    Line between two waveforms

    What does the P wave represent?

    Arterial Depolarization

    How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second rhythm strip?

    <p>30 one millimeter boxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which waveform on the EKG does the SA node represent?

    <p>Only the P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can you read from the RR interval?

    <p>Ventricular Pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary stage of Hemolysis?

    <p>Vascular phase and platelet phase together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Electrophoresis?

    <p>Analyzation of the chemical components of blood based on electrical charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turn?

    <p>Turns blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the stages of Hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular, Platelet Phase, Coagulation Phase, Fibrinolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are blood vessels?

    <p>Aorta, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins, Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outer connective tissue layer of a blood vessel called?

    <p>Tunica Adventitia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner endothelial tissue of a blood vessel called?

    <p>Tunica Intima</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inner smooth layer of a blood vessel called?

    <p>Tunica Media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Code of Ethics refer to in a medical setting?

    <p>The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you find in capillaries?

    <p>A mixture of venous and arterial blood is found</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On average, how many liters of blood does an adult have?

    <p>5-6 Liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of water in the blood?

    <p>92%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of plasma in the blood?

    <p>55%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of formed elements in the blood?

    <p>45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up 99% of formed elements in the blood?

    <p>RBCs or Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do you find hemoglobin?

    <p>RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do all blood cells originate?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many RBCs per microliter of blood does an adult typically have?

    <p>4.2-6.2 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second most numerous WBC?

    <p>Lymphocyte with 20-40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whose numbers increase in intracellular infections and tuberculosis?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of WBC's numbers increase in bacterial infections and are often first on the scene?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which WBCs play an important role in viral infection as well as in immunity?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of leukocytes for an average adult per microliter?

    <p>5000-10000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is leukopenia?

    <p>Decrease in WBCs seen with viral infection and leukemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What comprises 3-8% of WBC or leukocytes?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest in size of the leukocytes?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which WBC carries histamine?

    <p>Basophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vascular phase of Hemostasis?

    <p>Injury to a blood vessel that causes it to constrict, slowing the flow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred site for a venipuncture?

    <p>Antecubital Fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test is used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway and monitor heparin therapy?

    <p>APTT also known as PTT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway and monitor warfarin therapy?

    <p>PT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fibrinolysis?

    <p>Breakdown and removal of a clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What converts the temporary platelet plug into a stable fibrin clot?

    <p>Coagulation Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is the second choice for venipuncture and is often the only one palatable in an obese patient?

    <p>Cephalic vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What antiseptic is most commonly used in Phlebotomy?

    <p>70% isopropyl alcohol pads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the needle commonly used in venipuncture?

    <p>1 inch (up to 1.5&quot;)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average gauge of needle used for drawing blood?

    <p>21-22</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gauge of needle can cause hemolysis?

    <p>Small gauge needles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medical Terminology and Concepts

    • CC: Stands for Chief Complaint, indicating the primary reason a patient seeks medical attention.
    • Segment: Refers to the line between two waveforms in an EKG strip.
    • P Wave: Represents arterial depolarization in an EKG.
    • 6 Second Rhythm Strip: Contains 30 one millimeter boxes, useful for rhythm interpretation.

    EKG and Cardiac Function

    • SA Node: Only represents the P wave on the EKG, indicating the heart's natural pacemaker.
    • RR Interval: Provides readings of ventricular pulse, crucial for assessing heart rate.

    Hemolysis and Hemostasis

    • Primary Stage of Hemolysis: Comprises the vascular phase and platelet phase.
    • Stages of Hemostasis: Include Vascular, Platelet Phase, Coagulation Phase, and Fibrinolysis, each critical in stopping bleeding.

    Blood Components and Functions

    • Blood Vessel Types: Aorta, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins, Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae.
    • Blood Volume: Average adult blood volume is approximately 5-6 liters.
    • Water Content in Blood: Constitutes about 92% of total blood volume.

    Blood Composition

    • Plasma Percentage: Makes up 55% of blood.
    • Formed Elements Percentage: Accounts for 45% of blood, primarily red blood cells (RBCs).
    • RBCs: Comprise 99% of formed elements and are responsible for oxygen transport via hemoglobin.

    Blood Cell Characteristics

    • Blood Cell Origins: All blood cells originate from bone marrow.
    • RBC Count: Typically ranges from 4.2 to 6.2 million per microliter of blood.
    • WBC Distribution: Lymphocytes, the second most numerous white blood cells, make up 20-40% of total leukocytes.

    White Blood Cell Functionality

    • Monocytes: Increase in numbers during intracellular infections and tuberculosis, comprising 3-8% of total WBCs.
    • Neutrophils: First responders in bacterial infections, critical for immune defense.
    • Basophils: Carry histamine, involved in inflammatory responses.

    Phlebotomy and Lab Testing

    • Preferred Venipuncture Site: Antecubital fossa is the most common site for drawing blood.
    • APTT Test: Evaluates intrinsic pathway and monitors heparin therapy.
    • PT Test: Assesses extrinsic pathway and is used to monitor warfarin therapy.

    Blood Vessel Anatomy

    • Tunica Adventitia: Outer connective tissue layer of blood vessels.
    • Tunica Intima: Inner endothelial tissue of blood vessels.
    • Tunica Media: Inner smooth layer of blood vessels.

    Blood Safety and Preparation

    • Antiseptics in Phlebotomy: 70% isopropyl alcohol pads are most common; provolone-iodine for blood cultures, and chlorhexidine gluconate for patients allergic to iodine.
    • Venipuncture Needle Length: Commonly 1 inch, can go up to 1.5 inches for larger veins.
    • Average Needle Gauge for Draws: Typically ranges from 21 to 22 gauge.

    Hemostasis Process

    • Vascular Phase: Initiates injury response by causing blood vessels to constrict.
    • Fibrinolysis: Refers to the breakdown and removal of clots, ensuring proper blood flow post-hemostasis.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on medical terminology related to EKG and cardiac function. This quiz covers essential concepts like the P wave, RR interval, and stages of hemostasis. Perfect for students and professionals in the healthcare field.

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