Medical Terminology and Concepts Quiz

Study Notes

Medical Terms and Concepts

Blastoma Cancer: Formed from immature cells, indicating a malignancy.
Carcinogenic: Substances that can cause cancer.
Cardiotoxicity: Harmful effects on heart function.
Cytotoxic: Agents that are toxic to cells.
Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin.
Histology: Study of biological tissues.
Hepatoblastoma: Cancer of the liver, usually occurring in children.
Malignant: Refers to cancers that are harmful and can spread.
Nephrotoxic: Agents that are harmful to the kidneys.
Toxicology: Study of poisons and their effects.

Suffixes in Medical Terminology

-aemia: Condition of blood (e.g., Leukaemia - cancer of the blood).
-ectomy: Excision or removal (e.g., Nephrectomy - removal of the kidney).
-itis: Inflammation (e.g., Hepatitis - liver inflammation).
-logy: Study of (e.g., Cytology - study of cells).
-oma: Tumor (e.g., Retinoblastoma - tumor of the eye).
-pathy: Disease (e.g., Nephropathy - kidney disease).
-osis: Condition or process (e.g., Necrosis - death of cells).

Prefixes in Medical Terminology

An-/A-: Without or lack of (e.g., Anuria - lack of urine output).
AB-: Away from (e.g., Abnormal - not normal).
AD-: Toward (e.g., Adrenal - towards the kidneys).
Bi-: Two or both (e.g., Ambidextrous - using both hands).
Dys-: Difficulty or painful (e.g., Dyspnoea - difficulty in breathing).
Ecto-: Outside (e.g., Ectopic - outside normal place).
Endo-: Inside (e.g., Endoscope - instrument to view inside).
Hyper-: Excessive or above normal (e.g., Hyperglycemia - high blood sugar).
Hypo-: Beneath or below normal (e.g., Hypodermis - below the skin).
Inter-: Between (e.g., Intercostal - between ribs).
Intra-: Within or inside (e.g., Intravenous - into the vein).
Para-: Beside or near (e.g., Parathyroid - near thyroid gland).
Peri-: Around (e.g., Pericardium - membrane around the heart).
Pre-: Before (e.g., Prenatal - before birth).
Post-: After (e.g., Post-surgical - after surgery).
Sub-: Below or under (e.g., Submucosa - tissue below mucosa).
Syn-: Together (e.g., Syndrome - group of symptoms).

Body Structure and Anatomy

Anatomical Position: Body is upright, eyes facing forward, arms at the sides, palms forward, legs parallel with toes pointing forward.
Body Planes:
- Frontal (Coronal): Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
- Horizontal: Parallel to the ground.
- Longitudinal: Along the long axis of the structure.
- Median: Divides the body into right and left halves.
- Sagittal: Vertical planes parallel to the median.

Directional Terms

Afferent: Toward a structure.
Efferent: Away from a structure.
Anterior (Ventral): Toward the belly.
Posterior (Dorsal): Toward the back.
Medial: Toward the midline of the body.
Lateral: Toward the side.
Superficial: Near the surface.
Deep: Away from the surface.
Proximal: Toward the beginning of a structure.
Distal: Away from the beginning of a structure.
Inferior (Caudal): Below another structure.
Superior (Cephalic): Above another structure.
Bilateral: Involving both sides of the body.
Unilateral: Involving one side of the body.

Body Cavities

Visceral Organs: Internal organs located within specific cavities of the body.
Understanding anatomical terminology is crucial for accurately describing the relative positions and relationships of body structures.

Description

Test your knowledge on essential medical terms and concepts related to cancer, toxicity, and inflammation. This quiz covers definitions, suffixes, and important classifications in medical terminology. Perfect for students in health sciences or anyone interested in medical language.