Medical Terminology & Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following organs is primarily located in the Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen?

  • Left kidney
  • Gallbladder (correct)
  • Spleen
  • Appendix

The RICE method is crucial in treating acute injuries. What does the 'C' in RICE stand for?

  • Compress (correct)
  • Cauterize
  • Circulate
  • Cut

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) primarily affects which type of cells?

  • Connective tissue cells
  • Nerve cells (correct)
  • Adipose cells
  • Epithelial cells

What primary technology is utilized by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to create detailed images of the body's internal structures?

<p>Strong magnets and radio waves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical region is located immediately superior to the umbilical region?

<p>Epigastric region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The hypochondriac regions are located adjacent to which specific abdominal region?

<p>Epigastric region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to the umbilicus, where are the lumbar regions located?

<p>To the right and left (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inguinal regions are located to the side of which abdominal region?

<p>Hypogastric (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In anatomical terms, what does 'lateral' describe?

<p>A position that is towards the side of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-stenosis' indicate in medical terminology?

<p>Narrowing of a passage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical term for the two halves of the brain?

<p>Cerebral hemispheres (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic for hyperhidrosis?

<p>Profuse sweating beyond what is necessary for thermoregulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A chondroma is best described as which kind of tissue growth?

<p>a growth that is made of cartilage tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the wasting away or decrease in size of muscle tissue?

<p>Atrophy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do skeletal and cardiac muscles differ in terms of control?

<p>Skeletal is voluntary, cardiac involuntary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What organs are in the RUQ?

The RUQ contains the right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, small intestine (duodenum), portion of the stomach, right kidney, part of the ascending colon, and a portion of the pancreas.

What does RICE stand for?

RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, and is a common method used to treat acute injuries to reduce swelling and pain.

What is ALS?

ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to loss of muscle control.

How does an MRI work?

MRI uses strong magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues inside the body.

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What is above the umbilical region?

The region directly above the umbilical region is called the epigastric region.

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What regions border the epigastric region?

The regions to the left and right of the epigastric region are known as the hypochondriac regions.

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Where are the lumbar regions located?

The lumbar regions are located to the right and left of the umbilical region.

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Where are the inguinal regions?

The inguinal regions are located to the right and left of the hypogastric regions.

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What does 'lateral' mean?

Lateral refers to a position that is towards the side or away from the middle of the body.

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What does '-stenosis' mean?

The suffix '-stenosis' indicates a narrowing of a passage or opening in the body.

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What is a 'hemisphere'?

A hemisphere refers to half of a sphere, often used to describe the two halves of the brain.

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What is hyperhidrosis?

Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition characterized by profuse sweating beyond what is necessary for thermoregulation.

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What is a chondroma?

A chondroma is a type of tumor that is made up of cartilage tissue.

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What is atrophy?

Atrophy refers to the wasting away or decrease in size of muscle tissue.

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Voluntary vs Involuntary Muscles?

Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that can be controlled consciously, while cardiac muscles are involuntary and control the heart's contractions.

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Study Notes

  • RUQ (Right Upper Quadrant) contains the right lobe of the liver, gallbladder, small intestine (duodenum), portion of the stomach, right kidney, part of the ascending colon, and a portion of the pancreas.
  • RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, and is a common method used to treat acute injuries to reduce swelling and pain.
  • ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to loss of muscle control.
  • MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, uses strong magnets and radio waves to images of organs and tissues inside the body.
  • The epigastric region is located directly above the umbilical region.
  • The hypochondriac regions are to the left and right of the epigastric region.
  • Lumbar regions are located to the right and left of the umbilical region.
  • Inguinal regions are located to the right and left of the hypogastric regions.
  • Lateral in anatomical terms defines a position towards the side or away from the middle of the body.
  • Stenosis indicates a narrowing of a passage or opening in the body.
  • A hemisphere is half of a sphere, used to describe the two halves of the brain.
  • Hyperhidrosis: medical condition of profuse sweating beyond the necessity for thermoregulation.
  • A Chondroma is a type of tumor made up of cartilage tissue.
  • Atrophy is the wasting away or decrease in size of muscle tissue.
  • Skeletal muscles are voluntary and can be consciously controlled, unlike cardiac muscles, which are involuntary.
  • Metacarpals are the bones of the hands, while metatarsals are the bones of the feet.
  • Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.
  • Analgesics medications, relieve pain
  • Pustule: a lesion of the skin that contains pus.
  • Skeletal muscles generate heat and facilitate movement.
  • Skeletal system consists of the axial and the appendicular skeleton.
  • Avascular refers to tissues or areas that do not contain blood vessels.
  • Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by itchy, red, and silvery scaly patches.
  • Myalgia refers to muscle pain.
  • Dorsal is the posterior or back side of the body
  • Caudal: inferior or towards the tail end of the body.
  • Adiposus indicates a relation to fat or fatty tissue.
  • Keloid is a firm scar that forms during the healing of a sore or wound, often extending beyond the original injury site.
  • Ventrodorsal refers to the front (belly) and back of the body.
  • The left hypochondriac region is located above the left lumbar region.
  • Bone marrow produces blood cells, but is not found in nails.
  • Ichthyosis: abnormally dry and scaly skin.
  • The suffix -rrhexis' signifies a rupture.
  • The clavicle is commonly known as the collar bone.
  • The medullary cavity contains bone marrow.
  • The periosteum surrounds the outside of the bone.
  • Arthrocentesis: aspirating fluid from a joint, needle puncture.
  • Ligaments connect two bones.
  • The epiphysis is the end of a long bone.
  • Paronychia: infection around the nail.
  • Excoriation: abrasion of the upper layer of skin.
  • Diaphoresis: perspiration or sweating.
  • Cryosurgery: operation using freezing temperatures to destroy tissue.
  • Onychotomy: incision made into a nail.
  • Tinea: fungal infection of the skin.
  • Debridement: the removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn.
  • Lunula: white crescent-shaped area, nail
  • The rule of nines is a method used to evaluate the extent of burns.
  • Fissure: a break in the skin.
  • Keratin: a protein that forms hair, nails, and the tough outer layer of skin.
  • Onychomalacia refers to the softening of the nails.
  • Verruca: a wart caused by a virus.
  • Scabies contagious infection caused by an egg-laying mite.
  • Oncology: study of cancer, cytology: study of cells.
  • Metastasis: the spread of cancer cells
  • Pathologist: studies the disease process.
  • Myoma: tumor of muscle tissue.
  • The epigastric region is directly above the umbilical region.
  • Transverse plane: horizontal field dividing the body into upper and lower.
  • -graphy is the art of making a pictorial record, often of blood vessels.
  • -ectomy: surgical removal.
  • Poly: many
  • Geront/o refers to old age.
  • Viscer refers to internal organs.
  • Pruritic means itchy.
  • Pil/o refers to hair.
  • Melan/o refers to the color black.
  • Scler/o signifies hardness.
  • The prefix sub- means below.
  • Seb/o: sebum, oily substance produced by sebaceous glands.
  • Fer/o: to carry.
  • Sudor: sweat.
  • Cutan/o references skin
  • Albin/o signifies white color
  • Amphi means both sides.
  • -kinesia means movement.
  • -malacia is softening.
  • Thorac/o is the chest.
  • Chondr/o is cartilage.
  • Myel/o can refer to spinal cord or bone marrow.
  • Anter/o: front or anterior part of the body.
  • Trans means across.
  • Cyt/o refers to a cell.
  • Neur/o refers to nerve.
  • Proxim/o means near.
  • Gastr/o refers to the stomach.
  • Dors/o refers to the back.
  • My/o is muscle.
  • Muscul/o also references muscle
  • -emia indicates a condition of the blood.
  • Cerv/o refers to the neck.
  • -cyte refers to a cell.
  • Super/o: superior or above.
  • Inguin/o is the groin.
  • Anterior means the front.
  • Derm/o refers to skin.
  • Dactyl/o: a finger or toe.
  • -megaly enlargement.
  • Xanth/o: the color yellow.
  • Cirrh/o references the color yellow/orange.
  • Jaund/o is the color yellow.
  • Cyan/o is the color blue.
  • Onych/o is a nail.
  • Sthen/o means strength.
  • Para means alongside.
  • Hemi means half.
  • -plegia is paralysis.
  • Fasci/o is fibrous membrane.
  • Carp/o: the wrist.
  • Spondyl/o: vertebrae.
  • Syn means joined together.
  • Myel/o signifies bone marrow.
  • Crani/o is the cranium or skull.
  • -plasty is surgical repair.
  • Kyph/o references a hump
  • -physis is growth.

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