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Questions and Answers
What does the combining term 'Adren/o' refer to?
What condition is characterized by hypersecretion from the anterior portion of the pituitary gland after puberty?
What describes Cushing syndrome?
A syndrome of obesity, moon-like facial fullness, hyperglycemia, and osteoporosis produced by excessive secretions of cortisol.
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
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Type 1 diabetes is formally called insulin-dependent diabetes.
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Type 2 diabetes is the same as Type 1 diabetes.
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What does 'Goiter' refer to?
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What is Hyperthyroidism also known as?
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What does radioactive iodine uptake measure?
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What is a Thyroid Scan?
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What does 'Cyst/o' refer to in the urinary system?
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What is Albuminuria?
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What does Anuria mean?
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What does Dysuria refer to?
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What is Glycosuria?
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What does Hematuria signify?
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What is Nephrolithiasis?
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What is renal failure?
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What is cystoscopy?
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What does KUB stand for?
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What is an Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)?
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What is a Voiding Cystourethrogram?
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What is dialysis?
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What does lithotripsy do?
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What is renal transplantation?
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What is urinary catheterization?
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Study Notes
Endocrine System Terminology
-
Combining Forms:
- Adren/o: adrenal gland
- Hypophys/o: pituitary gland
- Oophor/o, Ovari/o: ovary
- Orch/o, Orchid/o: testis
- Pancreat/o: pancreas
- Parathyroid/o: parathyroid gland
- Pituitar/o: pituitary gland
- Thym/o: thymus gland
- Thyroaden/o, Thyroid/o: thyroid gland
Acromegaly
- Caused by hypersecretion from the anterior pituitary gland post-puberty.
- Results in enlargement of extremities.
Cushing Syndrome
- Characterized by obesity, moon-like facial features, hyperglycemia, and osteoporosis.
- Result of excessive cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex.
Diabetes Mellitus
- Pancreatic disorder leading to increased blood glucose levels.
Type 1 Diabetes
- Also known as insulin-dependent diabetes.
- Complete insulin deficiency; typically occurs in childhood.
Type 2 Diabetes
- Formerly termed non-insulin dependent diabetes.
- Involves insulin deficiency and tissue resistance; onset usually in adulthood.
Thyroid Disorders
- Goiter: Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
- Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the thyroid gland, often referred to as Graves' Disease.
Thyroid Function Tests
- Radioactive Iodine Uptake: Assesses thyroid function post-ingestion of radioactive iodine.
- Thyroid Scan: Uses IV radioactive compound to identify tumors or nodules in the thyroid.
Urinary System Terminology
-
Combining Forms:
- Cyst/o: urinary bladder
- Nephr/o, Ren/o: kidney
- Pyel/o: renal pelvis
- Ureter/o: ureter
- Urethr/o: urethra
Urinary Conditions
- Albuminuria: Presence of protein in urine.
- Anuria: Absence of urine production.
- Dysuria: Painful urination.
- Glycosuria: Glucose present in urine.
- Hematuria: Blood found in urine.
- Nephrolithiasis: Formation of stones in the kidney.
- Renal Failure: Kidneys cease to function; no urine production.
Urinary Diagnostics
- Cystoscopy: Visualization of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope.
- KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder): X-ray of the kidneys and urinary tract without contrast.
- Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP): X-ray of the urinary tract following contrast injection.
- Voiding Cystourethrogram: X-ray of bladder and urethra during urination after contrast filling.
Urinary Procedures
- Dialysis: Machine separates waste materials (urea, creatinine, uric acid) from blood.
- Lithotripsy: Uses shock waves to break urinary stones for easier passage.
- Renal Transplantation: Surgical procedure transferring a donor kidney to a patient.
- Urinary Catheterization: Insertion of a catheter into the bladder via the urethra.
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Description
Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to the endocrine system with this quiz. It covers important combining terms and definitions for various glands and conditions. Perfect for students in medical or health sciences fields.