Questions and Answers
What is the condition of being diseased?
Morbidity
What is the term for the proportion of diseases to health in a community?
Morbidity rate
What does mortality refer to?
The condition or quality of being subject to death
What term describes the science of organisms affected by environmental factors?
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What is the study of the patterns of health and disease in populations called?
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Which of the following is an example of a chronic illness?
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What is one of the goals of rehabilitation nursing?
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What encompasses the relationship between disease and geographical environment?
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What stage involves confusion, disorganization, and denial in the psychological reactions of individuals?
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Which of the following is NOT a goal of rehabilitation?
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What describes the relationship between the potential host's resistance and pathogens?
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The rise of leptospirosis due to community flooding is an example of what?
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What is the primary focus of rehabilitation nursing?
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Which principle is associated with the prevention of complications and deformities in rehabilitation?
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What concept focuses on the levels of disability and the psychological stages during rehabilitation?
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What is meant by periods of remission in chronic conditions?
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Which of the following factors is not typically associated with the insidious onset of chronic conditions?
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What characterizes the exacerbation of a chronic illness?
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Which of the following statements best describes non-correctable changes in chronic conditions?
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How should care be planned for individuals with chronic conditions?
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What is a common misconception about chronic illness recovery?
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What does the term 'left-over disabilities' refer to in chronic illness?
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Which of the following is an important consideration when dealing with chronic conditions?
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What is the primary manifestation of liver cirrhosis complications?
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Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of liver cirrhosis?
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What does pathogenesis provide insight into concerning diseases?
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Which condition may cause complications such as bleeding?
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Are complications like bleeding always a sequela of hemorrhagic fever in dengue patients?
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What is a potential complication following a thyroidectomy?
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Which of the following statements about dengue disease is true?
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What demographic factor is mentioned as a predisposing factor for liver cirrhosis?
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What is the main cause of liver cirrhosis?
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Which of the following is a predisposing factor for liver failure?
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Which statement correctly describes hypoalbuminemia in liver disease?
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What is indicated by edema in the context of liver pathophysiology?
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What role does albumin play in the body?
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What does the irreversible nature of liver cirrhosis imply?
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Which of the following symptoms can be classified as subjective?
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Which type of exercise is specifically aimed at improving mobility and flexibility?
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Who has a higher likelihood of developing tuberculosis (TB) due to a weakened immune system?
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What is the significance of the liver in the context of infection and inflammation?
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Which of the following is a correct measure to prevent complications in individuals with restricted mobility?
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Which term best describes 'manifestation of perceptible changes in the body'?
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What happens to liver tissue during the progression of cirrhosis?
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Who is at a greater risk for HIV infections?
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What term describes an event that may disturb the body’s structure or function?
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What is commonly identified as the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB)?
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Which type of exercises can help treat pressure sores?
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What is a common prevention strategy for bedsores in immobile patients?
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Study Notes
Disease Process
- Disease refers to structural and functional disturbances in any part, organ, or system of the body.
- Conditions can be classified as acute or chronic illnesses, affecting patient care approaches.
Terminologies
- Understanding medical terms is essential for effective communication and patient care.
- Key examples:
- CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) includes angina and myocardial infarction (MI).
- Diseases linked to specific vectors include:
- Malaria (transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes)
- Dengue (transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes)
- Rabies (typically through dog bites)
- Leptospirosis (associated with floodwaters)
- Tuberculosis (managed with RIPES treatment protocol)
Factors Affecting Patient Needs
- Chronic illnesses lead to complex healthcare needs requiring tailored interventions and support.
Effects of Chronic Illness
- Chronic conditions increase morbidity, reflecting a higher prevalence of disease in populations.
- Morbidity rate indicates the proportion of unhealthy individuals within a community.
Nursing Interventions
- Focus on restoring optimal functional capacity and preventing complications.
- Provide psychosocial care and continuous assessment of patient conditions.
- Essential to include follow-up and home care for long-term patient support.
Rehabilitative Nursing
- Involves restoration and maintenance of function for patients with disabilities.
- Key components include:
- Understanding principles of rehabilitation and setting achievable goals.
- Identifying levels of disability and planning interventions accordingly.
Rehabilitation Team
- Collaboration among healthcare professionals is crucial for effective rehabilitation strategies.
- The team approach addresses various causes of disability and develops comprehensive care plans.
Ecology and Disease
- Ecology studies the relationship between disease and the environment.
- Understanding environmental factors helps in preventing disease outbreaks.
Epidemiology
- The discipline that examines patterns of health and disease, aiming for disease control and prevention.
- Looks into the distribution and occurrence of illnesses to inform public health strategies.
Preservative and Restorative Methods
- Preservative methods focus on maintaining the integrity of biological specimens.
- Restorative methods aim to restore functionality and enhance recovery in patients.
Rehabilitation Concepts
- Rehabilitation principles guide recovery processes; levels of disability help tailor interventions.
- Goals of rehabilitation include maximizing independence and improving quality of life.
Rehabilitation Nursing
- Involves a collaborative rehabilitation team addressing the causes of disability.
- Disuse syndrome arises when patients lack movement, leading to further complications.
Stages of Psychological Reaction
- Confusion, disorganization, and denial often characterize initial reactions to disability.
- Common subsequent stages include depression, anxiety, and eventual adaptation and adjustment.
Complication Prevention and Management
- Key preventive strategies include proper positioning and therapeutic exercises.
- Specific exercises focus on increasing range of motion and preventing conditions like foot drop and bedsores.
Disease Process and Terminologies
- Disease refers to structural or functional disturbances within the body.
- Comorbidities are concurrent conditions that can complicate treatment and recovery.
Symptomatology
- Symptoms are subjective experiences indicating a phase of disease, such as fatigue or nausea.
- Objective symptoms are observable evidence documented through medical examination.
Pathophysiology of Liver Failure/Cirrhosis
- Alcoholism is a leading etiologic factor, with predisposing factors including male gender and prior liver damage.
- Chronic liver damage can result in fibrosis and progressive scarring leading to cirrhosis, an irreversible condition.
Hypoalbuminemia
- A decrease in albumin production affects osmotic pressure, potentially resulting in conditions like edema.
- Hypoalbuminemia can lead to complications such as ascites and increased bleeding risk.
Pathogenesis
- Pathogenesis investigates how diseases develop, with factors including alcohol use, malnutrition, and hepatitis affecting liver health.
- Complications can arise from various medical conditions, with each presenting distinct risk factors.
Occupational Factors
- Health issues can be influenced by occupational exposure, necessitating tailored interventions for affected individuals.
Disability Recovery Dynamics
- Recovery can lead to partial improvements, but some disabilities may persist despite rehabilitation efforts.
- Patient management must consider both acute and chronic conditions concurrently for comprehensive care.
Remission and Exacerbation
- Remission refers to periods of controlled disease activity, while exacerbation indicates a flare-up of symptoms requiring medical attention.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts discussed in the Medical Surgical Nursing lecture by Asst. Prof. Margaret M. Natividad. It includes a detailed outline of diseases and the various stressors encountered in nursing practice. Prepare to test your knowledge and understanding of the critical topics in this first-semester course.