Questions and Answers
What other names are given to heart attacks?
coronary thrombosis, coronary occlusion, and myocardial infarction.
What are the causes of a heart attack?
Pressure or pain in the chest or upper abdomen that lasts more than a few minutes and becomes stronger with time, pain that runs from chest to the arm, jaw, neck, or abdomen, difficulty breathing, irregular or rapid heartbeat, and weakness.
What are the 'silent' heart attack symptoms?
Nausea, heavy perspiration, dizziness, fainting, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness, choking, or indigestion.
What medications can be given to patients having a heart attack?
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A __________ is a reduction of or lack of blood supplied to the brain.
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How long after a stroke does brain damage occur?
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What other names are given to strokes?
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What are the causes of strokes?
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What are the symptoms of strokes?
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What does FAST stand for?
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A heart attack is a decline in the amount of blood supplied to the lungs.
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Study Notes
Heart Attack Overview
- Heart attacks are also known as coronary thrombosis, coronary occlusion, and myocardial infarction.
- Symptoms include pressure or pain in the chest fading to the upper abdomen lasting over a few minutes, pain radiating to the arm, jaw, neck, or abdomen, difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, and weakness.
Silent Heart Attack Symptoms
- Silent heart attack symptoms may include nausea, heavy perspiration, dizziness, fainting, vomiting, and sensations of fullness, choking, or indigestion.
Treatment for Heart Attacks
- MONA acronym for treatment:
- Morphine for pain relief
- Oxygen to reduce heart workload
- Nitroglycerin as a vasodilator to restore blood flow
- Aspirin (4 chewable tablets of 81 mg) as an antiplatelet to dissolve clots.
Stroke Overview
- A stroke is characterized by a reduction or lack of blood supply to the brain.
- Brain damage can occur within 4 minutes after a stroke event.
Alternative Terms for Stroke
- Strokes may also be referred to as apoplexy or cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
Causes of Strokes
- Strokes can result from blockages in the brain's blood supply arteries, hemorrhaging from brain blood vessels, or risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, aging, heredity, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and drugs inducing blood clots.
Symptoms of Stroke
- Recognizable symptoms include severe headache, numbness (particularly on one side), vision troubles in one or both eyes, difficulty walking due to dizziness or coordination loss, confusion, and speech difficulties.
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a related condition indicating temporary stroke symptoms.
FAST Method for Stroke Recognition
- FAST stands for:
- Face: Ask the person to smile and show teeth
- Arms: Ask the person to raise both arms
- Speech: Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase
- Time: Seek immediate medical attention if any signs are present.
Heart Attack Misconceptions
- A heart attack does not involve a decline in blood supplied to the lungs; this statement is false.
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Description
Test your knowledge of heart attack terminology and causes with these flashcards. Understand the various names for heart attacks and their symptoms. Enhance your medical skills and preparedness for real-life situations involving cardiovascular emergencies.
