Medical Quiz on Malignancies and Carcinomas
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be associated with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) malignancies?

  • Epstein-Barr virus infection
  • Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Familial adenomatous polyposis
  • Entamoeba histolytica infection (correct)
  • A patient with viral hepatitis is tested. Which of the following viruses is LEAST likely to have been transmitted through parenteral routes?

  • Hepatitis B virus
  • Hepatitis E virus (correct)
  • Hepatitis C virus
  • Hepatitis G virus
  • The initial stages of atherosclerosis are primarily mediated by which component of the vascular wall?

  • Endothelial cells (correct)
  • Tunica adventitia
  • Smooth muscle cells
  • Tunica media
  • Which type of renal stone is the MOST frequently observed?

    <p>Calcium oxalate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The highest risk of developing endometrial carcinoma is associated with which condition?

    <p>Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The classic triad of Graves' disease includes all of the following EXCEPT:

    <p>Hyperparathyroidism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of Myasthenia Gravis?

    <p>An example of type III hypersensitivity reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is LEAST likely to be classified as a sex cord-stromal tumor of the ovary?

    <p>Dysgerminoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 40-year-old male presents with a painless enlarged left testis, elevated LDH, and normal AFP levels. Which of the following is the LEAST likely differential diagnosis?

    <p>Yolk sac tumor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a typical microscopic feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma?

    <p>Psammoma bodies and nuclear grooves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a 45-year-old woman with jaundice, dark urine, pale stools, and right upper quadrant pain, which of these investigative findings MOST strongly suggests an obstructive etiology of her symptoms?

    <p>Radio opaque shadows in the right upper quadrant seen on ultrasound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST characterizes the typical CSF findings in pyogenic meningitis?

    <p>Decreased glucose, increased protein, neutrophilic pleocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the MOST specific morphological change seen in the brain of an individual with Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recognized complication of asbestosis?

    <p>Pulmonary tuberculosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most accurate description of the gross appearance of an osteochondroma?

    <p>A bony growth capped with cartilage, typically arising from the metaphysis of a long bone. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the LEAST likely site for the development of atherosclerosis?

    <p>Pulmonary arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with signs of prostatic enlargement. Microscopically, the gland shows features of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Which of the following would be MOST likely found?

    <p>Increased number of acini and stroma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the microscopic features of a Schwannoma?

    <p>A mixture of spindle-shaped cells with interlacing fascicles, displaying nuclear palisading. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the gross appearance of leukoplakia in the oral cavity?

    <p>A raised, white plaque that cannot be scraped off. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 60-year-old man experiences severe precordial chest pain radiating to the left arm. ECG shows ST segment elevation and T wave inversion. What is the most likely immediate complication?

    <p>Ventricular fibrillation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

    <p>Increased estrogen signaling. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient develops a gradual loss of weight, abdominal pain, anorexia and hematemesis, with a firm lymph node in the supraclavicular region, and a nodule at the periumbilical region, what is the most probable diagnosis?

    <p>Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the pathophysiology of the disease described in the case of the 45-year-old male with chest pain?

    <p>Increased parasympathetic tone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Verocay bodies, as discussed in pathology?

    <p>Areas of palisading nuclei within cellular schwannoma. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the initial microscopic changes seen in emphysema?

    <p>Destruction of alveolar walls and enlarged air spaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the evolution of lobar pneumonia, which stage is characterized by a consolidation of the lung due to outpouring of fibrinous exudate into the alveoli?

    <p>Red Hepatization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Which of the following is least likely to be a cause of these symptoms?

    <p>Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature that best distinguishes Ulcerative Colitis from Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Continuous, superficial colonic inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is least likely to be associated with the etiology of Alcoholic Liver Disease?

    <p>Direct viral inflammatory damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most specific laboratory marker for diagnosing an acute myocardial infarction?

    <p>Troponin I or T (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically considered a risk factor for the development of gallstones?

    <p>High fiber diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most suggestive of a hydatidiform mole on gross examination?

    <p>Grape-like clusters of translucent vesicles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a renal biopsy showing glomerular hypercellularity with neutrophils in an 8-year-old boy with puffiness of face, which of the following is NOT a likely finding on immunofluorescence?

    <p>Linear deposits of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which serological marker is the FIRST to appear in acute hepatitis B infection?

    <p>HBsAg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the early phases of acute myocardial infarction (within 14 days), which microscopic change is NOT typically observed?

    <p>Fibroblast proliferation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma is most closely associated with which of the following viral factors?

    <p>Integration of viral DNA into host genome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of emphysema is most strongly linked to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?

    <p>Panacinar emphysema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), also known as Lynch syndrome, is primarily associated with defects in which type of genes?

    <p>Mismatch repair genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a complete mole compared to a partial mole?

    <p>Diffuse trophoblastic hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a bone tumor in the metaphyseal area of the tibia, what is a common microscopic feature expected OTHER THAN new bone formation?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the presentation of an elderly male patient having bleeding per rectum, altered bowel habits, loss of appetite, loss of weight, and lower quadrant abdominal discomfort?

    <p>Elevated white blood cell count (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the LEAST accurate description of the gross morphology of an osteoclastoma?

    <p>Often shows periosteal reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding the pathogenesis of dissecting aneurysms, which of the following processes is the LEAST likely to be involved?

    <p>Calcification of the vessel wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is LEAST associated with the typical gross features of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver?

    <p>Marked enlargement of the liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings is LEAST likely to be observed in a patient with pyogenic meningitis?

    <p>Predominance of lymphocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is LEAST likely to be associated with a seminoma of the testis?

    <p>Areas of hemorrhage and necrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically considered a complication of a myocardial infarction?

    <p>Pulmonary embolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is LEAST likely to be associated with the morphology of a renal cell carcinoma?

    <p>Predominantly located in the renal pelvis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multiple Choice Questions

    • GIT malignancies: Not associated with amoebiasis.
    • Hepatitis Transmission: Hepatitis B virus is not transmitted parenterally.
    • Atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis initiation is mediated by endothelium.
    • Renal Stones: The most common type of renal stone is calcium oxalate.
    • Endometrial Carcinoma Risk: Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia has the highest risk of endometrial carcinoma.
    • Graves Disease Triad: Hyperparathyroidism is not part of the triad of Graves' disease.
    • Myasthenia Gravis: Patients with myasthenia gravis typically have anti-AChR antibodies and thymic hyperplasia.
    • Ovarian Tumors: Dysgerminoma and thecoma are not considered sex cord tumors.
    • HPV Infection: Koilocytosis is a characteristic feature of HPV infection in Pap smears.
    • Bone Tumors: Chondrosarcoma is a bone tumor with a specific histology of small round cells.

    Long Answer Questions

    • Asbestosis: Pneumoconiosis classification; pathology and complications of asbestosis.
    • Bone Tumors: Classification of bone tumors and details of osteogenic sarcoma.
    • Pastures Syndrome: Good Pastures syndrome details
    • Pulmonary Hypertension: Cor Pulmonale details
    • Linitis plastica: Details on Linitis plastica
    • Retinoblastoma: Details on Retinoblastoma
    • Lung Abscess: Details on Lung Abscess
    • Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Details on Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
    • Gout: Details on Gout
    • Meckel's Diverticulum: Details on Meckel's Diverticulum
    • Psammoma Bodies: Details on Psammoma bodies
    • Amyloidosis: Details on Amyloidosis
    • Wilson's Disease: Details on Wilson's disease
    • Schwannoma Microscopy: Details on Schwannoma microscopy
    • Schiller Duval Body: Details on Schiller Duval body

    Additional Exam Questions

    • Cirrhosis: Definition, classification, and morphological features of alcoholic liver disease.
    • Pleomorphic Adenoma: Short note on pleomorphic adenoma.
    • Malignant Melanoma: Short note on malignant melanoma.
    • Bronchiectasis: Pathogenesis and complications of bronchiectasis.
    • Polycystic Kidney Disease (Adult): Short note on adult polycystic kidney disease.
    • Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid: Brief description of papillary carcinoma thyroid.
    • Aneurysm: Define aneurysm and mention types.
    • Hodgkin Lymphoma: Classification of Hodgkin lymphoma.
    • Fibroadenoma: Description of fibroadenoma
    • Malignant Hypertension: Kidney changes in malignant hypertension.
    • Schwannoma: Microscopy of schwannoma.
    • Bone Tumors: Classification of bone tumors, etiology and pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, and description of the clinical, microscopic, and radiologic features of osteosarcoma.
    • Acute Rheumatic Fever Clinical features, etiopathogenesis, cardiac changes, outcomes, and complications of acute rheumatic fever.
    • Chronic Pancreatitis: Brief note on chronic pancreatitis
    • Cervical Carcinoma: Etiopathogenesis of cervical carcinoma
    • Seminoma: Morphology, pathogenesis, of seminoma
    • Renal Cell Carcinoma: Morphology of renal cell carcinoma.
    • Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenesis of type II diabetes mellitus
    • Leiomyoma: Leiomyoma - sites, gross, microscopy
    • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Colonic Carcinoma: Etiopathogenesis of colonic carcinoma
    • Cirrhosis Complications: Complications of cirrhosis
    • Precancerous Lesions (Penis): List three precancerous lesions of penis
    • Chronic Pyelonephritis: Morphology of chronic pyelonephritis
    • Gallstones: Types of gall stones
    • Endometrial Carcinoma Risk Factors: Risk factors for endometrial carcinoma
    • Bronchiectasis Complications: Pathogenesis and complications of bronchiectasis
    • Lung Abscess Complications: List complications of lung abscess
    • Warthin's Tumor: Morphology of Warthin's tumor
    • Berry Aneurysm: Details on berry aneurysm
    • Lobar Pneumonia: Stages of lobar pneumonia

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on malignancies, viral hepatitis, and renal stones with this medical quiz. Explore questions surrounding various cancers, including characteristics of thyroid carcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. This quiz will challenge your understanding of the associations and features of common medical conditions.

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