L6 Medical Parasitology Overview

<p>Implementing comprehensive sanitation and food safety practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By altering habitats and facilitating the movement of contaminated goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of parasites and their relationships to their hosts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By interfering with host nutrition and leading to anemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One organism benefits while the other neither benefits nor is harmed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both organisms depend on each other physiologically and benefit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Worsening of undernutrition due to reduced nutrient absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entamoeba coli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced physical activity and fatigue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Birds cleaning the teeth of an alligator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malaria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene mutation of the parasite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be found in the blood primarily during the acute phase. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposure to infected blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood donor screening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can still harbor low levels of parasites. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diseases spread by insects or other organisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can still transmit malaria at lower levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A temporary vehicle for reaching a host that is not crucial for the life cycle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a carrier for parasites and is essential for their life cycle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are always physiologically dependent on their hosts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are infected animals that provide infective organisms to humans. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ticks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uni-cellular eukaryotic microorganisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By direct contact with infected blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obligatory parasites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protozoa, flatworms, roundworms, and arthropods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is where the parasite reaches sexual maturity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require an arthropod or invertebrate for their transmission. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By producing antibodies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research on insects and their role in disease transmission. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endoparasites live within the body of the host. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obligatory parasites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It serves as a temporary location for the parasite's development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A vector transfers pathogens mechanically without life cycle involvement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trypanosoma brucei (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anopheles mosquitoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infections transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxoplasma gondii (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pathogen cannot survive without it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are a cause of malnutrition, especially in vulnerable groups. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Babesiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organism that lives on or within another organism (the host), deriving benefit from the host.

An organism that provides a habitat and resources to a parasite.

The study of parasites and their relationship to their hosts.

A relationship where one organism benefits, and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

A relationship where both organisms benefit from the interaction.

Infections caused by parasites living in the intestines.

Intestinal parasites can affect nutrition by interfering with nutrient absorption and causing damage to the intestinal lining.

Helminths (worms) can result in nutritional stress, especially in iron deficiency anaemia caused from hookworms.

A parasite that PHYSICALLY DEPENDS on its host to survive. It cannot live independently.

A parasite that CAN LIVE independently but can also be parasitic.

A parasite that lives inside the host's body.

A parasite that lives on the outside of the host's body.

Host where the parasite reaches sexual maturity.

Host that is crucial for the parasite's development but not its reproduction.

Classifying hosts based on their role in the parasite's life cycle.

A host that is not necessary for a parasite's life cycle; it is just used to carry it to a host.

An arthropod that carries a parasite, essential for the parasite's life cycle.

Infected animal that is a source of the parasite for humans.

Single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms.

Parasitic worms (multicellular parasites with organs).

Study of arthropods (insects).

Parasites transmitted through food.

Parasites transmitted by insects.

Blood-borne parasites can be spread through activities like blood transfusions, sharing needles, or exposure to infected blood.

Diseases spread through the bites of insects, such as mosquitoes, flies, or ticks.

Factors that influence the chances of transmitting blood-borne parasites through blood transfusions. These factors include parasite concentration, parasite persistence in the body, and the parasite's impact on the donor's health.

The parasite's life cycle determines its ability to be transmitted through blood transfusions. Some parasites spend most of their lives in the blood, while others only transit through the blood temporarily.

A process to assess potential blood donors for factors that could introduce infectious agents, such as blood-borne parasites, into the blood supply.

Individuals who have travelled to regions where certain blood-borne parasites are prevalent may be deferred from donating blood.

Individuals who previously lived in areas where malaria is common may be deferred from donating blood for a specific period.

Foodborne parasites can lead to malnutrition by interfering with nutrient absorption, causing intestinal damage, and leading to loss of appetite.

Populations with poor sanitation and food insecurity are more susceptible to foodborne parasitic infections due to compromised immune systems and easier access to contaminated food and water.

Foodborne parasites can affect specific nutrients like iron, vitamin B12, and folate, leading to anemia, neurological problems, and impaired growth.

Strategies to reduce foodborne parasitic infections include improved sanitation, safe water access, proper food handling and cooking, and deworming programs.

Climate change can create favorable conditions for parasite survival and spread, while globalization facilitates the movement of parasites across borders through trade and travel.

An insect that carries a disease-causing organism on its body but doesn't require the organism to develop inside it.

An insect where the disease-causing organism must go through a developmental stage before being transmitted.

Transmission of a disease from mother to child during pregnancy or birth.

Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Plasmodium species can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy or birth.

Foodborne parasites can contribute to malnutrition by interfering with nutrient absorption and causing damage to the intestines.

Groups of people who are more susceptible to the negative effects of foodborne parasites, such as children, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems.