Medical Parasitology & Entomology: Amoeba
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Questions and Answers

How do amoeba acquire food?

  • By absorbing nutrients from the environment
  • Through photosynthesis
  • By engulfing food with their mouths
  • Through the use of pseudopodia (correct)

    • Which genera of amoeba are commonly found in the intestinal tract of humans and domestic animals?

  • Entamoeba, Endolimax, and Iodamoeba (correct)
  • Entamoeba, Acanthamoeba, and Naegleria
  • Naegleria and Acanthamoeba
  • Sarcodina and Protozoa

    • What is the most important feature that separates amoeba from other groups of protozoans?

  • Ability to undergo photosynthesis
  • Formation of karyosomes
  • Lack of defined shape
  • Presence of pseudopods in their trophozoite form (correct)

    • How do amoeba replicate?

    <p>By binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the routine lab diagnosis for identifying amoeba?

    <p>Size &amp; shape of cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are karyosomes in relation to amoeba?

    <p>Clumps of chromatin material found within the nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major pathogen causing amebic dysentery?

    <p>Pathogenic Intestinal Amoeba (Entamoeba histolytica)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective stage of Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Mature Quadronucleated cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do people get infected by Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Ingestion of cyst via contaminated food or water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Entamoeba histolytica's trophozoite?

    <p>Nucleus with central endosome and fine peripheral ring of chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the body does excystation occur after ingesting Entamoeba histolytica cysts?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Entamoeba histolytica require to complete its life cycle?

    <p>A single host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage produced from excystation in the small intestine?

    <p>Metacystic trophozoite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may trophozoites do after growing and multiplying in the large intestine?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can occur if Entamoeba histolytica perforates the intestinal wall?

    <p>Extra-intestinal amoebiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a diagnostic specimen for Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Amoeba and Food Acquisition

    • Amoebas acquire food through a process called phagocytosis, engulfing bacteria, yeasts, and other small organisms.

    Amoeba Genera in Intestinal Tract

    • Genera of amoebas commonly found in the intestinal tract of humans and domestic animals include Entamoeba and Endolimax.

    Key Feature of Amoebas

    • The most important feature that separates amoebas from other groups of protozoans is their ability to form pseudopodia.

    Amoeba Replication

    • Amoebas replicate through a process called binary fission, where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells.

    Lab Diagnosis for Amoeba

    • The routine lab diagnosis for identifying amoebas involves microscopical examination of stool or biopsy specimens.

    Karyosomes

    • Karyosomes are clusters of chromatin that condense to form nuclei in amoebas.

    Pathogen Causing Amebic Dysentery

    • The major pathogen causing amebic dysentery is Entamoeba histolytica.

    Infective Stage of Entamoeba histolytica

    • The infective stage of Entamoeba histolytica is the cyst.

    Transmission of Entamoeba histolytica

    • People get infected by Entamoeba histolytica through the fecal-oral route, often by consuming contaminated food or water.

    Characteristics of Entamoeba histolytica's Trophozoite

    • The characteristic feature of Entamoeba histolytica's trophozoite is its ability to form pseudopodia.

    Excystation

    • Excystation occurs in the small intestine after ingesting Entamoeba histolytica cysts.

    Life Cycle of Entamoeba histolytica

    • Entamoeba histolytica requires a human host to complete its life cycle.

    Excystation Stage

    • The stage produced from excystation in the small intestine is the trophozoite.

    Trophozoite Behavior

    • Trophozoites may multiply and grow in the large intestine, then penetrate the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream.

    Complications of Entamoeba histolytica Infection

    • If Entamoeba histolytica perforates the intestinal wall, it can lead to peritonitis or liver abscesses.

    Diagnostic Specimen

    • A diagnostic specimen for Entamoeba histolytica is a stool or biopsy sample.

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    Description

    Learn about amoeba, a protozoa belonging to the subphylum Sarcodina, which has no truly defined shape and moves through the use of pseudopodia. Understand its role as a common symbiotic organism in the intestinal tract of humans and domestic animals.

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