Medical Microbiology Quiz

<p>Rashes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resident Flora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishment of microorganisms on the skin without tissue penetration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synovial fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was the first to build a microscope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animalcules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying the specific microbe responsible for causing tuberculosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process that uses heat to reduce the number of harmful microbes in a liquid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He discovered the bacteria responsible for causing tuberculosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dormant form of bacteria that can survive harsh conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacillus anthracis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow bacteria to survive harsh conditions and cause infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylene blue stain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobes require oxygen to grow, while anaerobes do not (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Sterile Specimens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bubonic Plague (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punishment from the gods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bubonic Plague (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anton van Leeuwenhoek (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smallpox (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neapolitan Disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary Plague (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Syphilis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genus capitalized, species in lowercase; both in italics or underlined (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scientific name consists of a genus and a species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using 'spp.' for plural species or 'sp.' for singular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genotypic characteristics relate to an organism's genetic makeup. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use the first two letters of the first syllable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applying heat to methylene blue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some microbes in dust and air can resist high temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maternity wards had higher infection rates than home births (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Introduction of antiseptic techniques (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free of all life forms and virus particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relies on heat for effectiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><em>Vibrio cholerae</em> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeated heating followed by resting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Childbed fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot penetrate the waxy cell wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Infection acquired during hospitalization.

An infection caused by a pathogen that enters the body from the external environment.

An infection that develops gradually with mild to moderate symptoms that may persist for a long time.

The presence of microorganisms in the body's skin or mucous membranes without causing tissue invasion or harm.

An infection caused by a pathogen that originates from within the host's own body, such as opportunistic bacteria.

An infection with no visible signs or symptoms, making the infected person unaware of their condition.

Bacteria that naturally live on the skin or in the body without causing harm unless the host's defenses are weakened.

Specimens that are obtained from areas like the gut (stomach and intestines) or rectal region, where there's a significant risk of contamination by microorganisms.

A type of infectious disease, commonly known as 'the Plague,' caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas. It's highly contagious and can lead to death.

A type of plague that has progressed beyond the lymph nodes and spread to the bloodstream, affecting various organs.

A dangerous type of plague where the infection spreads to the lungs, causing a respiratory illness that can spread through the air and cause pneumonia.

A bacterial infection causing a sexually transmitted disease that can lead to serious complications if left untreated. It is caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum.

The earliest known epidemic that decimated armies in the ancient world. Thought to be a plague caused by Yersinia pestis.

The first documented medical papyrus containing lists of diseases and their treatments, dating back to ancient Egypt.

The first person to observe living bacteria and protozoa using microscopes.

A disease caused by bacteria spread mainly through the bite of infected fleas, transmitted through fleas that live on rodents like rats.

Every organism is assigned a specific two-part scientific name consisting of the genus and species, both derived from Latin or Greek.

The first part of the scientific name, always capitalized and usually representing a group of closely related organisms.

The second part of the scientific name, always lowercase, representing a specific type of organism within the genus.

A group of related genera sharing common characteristics, denoted by adding the suffix '-aceae' to the family name.

The genus name may be abbreviated with the first letter (capitalized) of the genus followed by a period and the species name, but this is not used in exams or quizzes.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is considered the "Father of Microbiology" for being the first to observe microorganisms using his self-made single-lens microscopes, contributing significantly to our understanding of the microscopic world.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is also known as the "Father of Bacteriology" for his pioneering observations and drawings of bacteria, which were crucial for the early development of microbiology.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek's meticulous observations of single-celled organisms, which he called "animalcules," laid the foundation for the field of protozoology, the study of protozoa.

Pasteurization is a heat treatment process invented by Louis Pasteur to kill harmful microbes in liquids like milk and wine. It involves heating the liquid to a specific temperature for a set time, effectively reducing the risk of spoilage and disease.

Louis Pasteur, a prominent French scientist, challenged the prevailing theory of spontaneous generation, which proposed that life could arise from non-living matter. He proved that new life arises only from existing life through his meticulous experiments.

Louis Pasteur's groundbreaking work on microorganisms and their role in fermentation led to significant advances in understanding how microbes contribute to specific processes, such as the conversion of carbohydrates into acids or alcohol.

Louis Pasteur pioneered the concept of the "Germ Theory of Disease" which established that specific microorganisms are responsible for causing infectious diseases. His research revolutionized medicine and led to advancements in disease prevention.

Robert Koch, a German physician, made numerous significant contributions to the germ theory of disease. His work on the bacteria Bacillus anthracis helped establish a link between specific microbes and specific diseases.

Robert Koch's discovery that the bacteria Bacillus anthracis can produce spores, which are resistant to adverse conditions, helped explain how certain bacteria can survive and cause infection even under challenging circumstances.

Robert Koch developed groundbreaking methods for staining bacteria, which are essential for visualizing and identifying specific types of microbes under the microscope. This technique revolutionized the study of bacteria.

A specific technique used to stain Mycobacterium tuberculosis, employing heat to penetrate its waxy cell wall.

The process of killing all microorganisms, including spores and viruses, from an object or surface.

Repeated cycles of heating and resting used to kill heat-resistant microorganisms, such as spores.

The initial evidence that some microbes possess high heat resistance and require intense treatments for elimination.

Aseptic techniques are methods used to prevent contamination during medical procedures, minimizing the risk of infection.

He observed that mothers giving birth at home experienced fewer infections than those in hospitals.

He demonstrated that physicians examining pregnant women after autopsies introduced infections, leading to childbed fever.

He pioneered aseptic techniques by introducing methods to reduce microbes in medical settings and prevent wound infections.

He clarified the reason why heat sometimes couldn't eliminate all microorganisms, leading to the establishment of the term "sterile."

A set of criteria used to establish a causal relationship between a microbe and a disease.