Medical Imaging Technology II

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary definition of 'digital' in the context of imaging?

It indicates the data are in discrete values. (correct)

It represents continuous data representation.

It refers to electrical and electronic devices.

It denotes the overall size of an image.

How many bits are there in one byte?

8 bits (correct)

4 bits

32 bits

16 bits

What does a 16-bit dynamic range in digital mammography allow for in terms of grayscale?

1,024 shades of gray

65,536 shades of gray (correct)

256 shades of gray

16,384 shades of gray

What is the total number of bytes in one terabyte?

1,099,511,627,776 bytes Signup and view all the answers

Which image size corresponds to digital radiography based on Power of 2 notation?

2048 × 2048 Signup and view all the answers

What unit of measurement is equivalent to 1,024 bytes?

Kilobyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation for the storage requirement of a 16 bit 2000 × 2500 pixel x-ray image in megabytes?

9.5 MB Signup and view all the answers

What part of a computer includes components like input, processing, memory, and output?

Hardware Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of digital images over analog film images?

Better storage options Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE)?

The ratio of output image quality to input exposure Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'field of view' (FOV) refer to in medical imaging?

The area visible in the image Signup and view all the answers

What role do CR cassettes play in digital radiography?

They store and transfer digital images Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) in medical imaging?

To quantify spatial resolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the measurement of brightness in an image?

Image histogram Signup and view all the answers

Why is image manipulation important in digital imaging technology?

It allows enhancement and adjustment for better diagnostics Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of medical imaging does bit depth primarily affect?

Color resolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of systems software?

To assist the user in operating the computer efficiently. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an application program?

Microsoft Office Signup and view all the answers

What does RAM primarily serve as in a computer?

Temporary storage for data being processed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Read-only Memory (ROM)?

To contain the firmware that initializes the computer. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a computer is known as the microprocessor?

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the motherboard in a computer system?

To house the microprocessor and memory components Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of secondary memory in a computer?

It is non-volatile and used for long-term data storage. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of solid-state storage?

Flash drives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the motherboard?

It connects all computer components and allows communication between them. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'soft copy' refer to?

Digital images on a display screen Signup and view all the answers

In the context of medical imaging, what information is typically included in the header of an x-ray image?

Patient details and examination type Signup and view all the answers

What does the speed of a microprocessor typically measure in?

Megahertz Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following devices is categorized under input hardware?

Keyboard Signup and view all the answers

What storage capacity is typical for internal solid-state drives (SSD)?

500 GB to several TBs Signup and view all the answers

How have mobile devices influenced the field of medical imaging?

They have made mobile computing more prevalent in radiology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of optical storage device?

Flash Drive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Imaging Computer Science

CLO1: Overview
This section focuses on the rapidly evolving technology of modern digital image recording and processing in the field of medical imaging. It delves into various aspects, including the advantages and disadvantages of digital images compared to traditional analog images. Key areas of discussion encompass storage solutions, cost considerations, variations in image quality, and the manipulation of images for diagnostic purposes. The transition from analog to digital imaging has revolutionized how medical professionals capture, store, and analyze images for patient care, leading to improved outcomes and efficiencies.
Digital vs. Analog
Digital images have fundamentally changed the landscape of medical imaging by providing superior image quality and enhanced capabilities for image manipulation. Key components such as matrix size (the arrangement of pixels in a grid), pixel density, and bit depth are vital for determining image resolution and storage efficiency. The clarity of digital images allows for better diagnosis, while their manipulability enables features like zooming and contrast adjustment without losing image integrity, which is often a limitation in analog formats. This shift towards digital also allows for easier sharing and electronic storage of images.
Key Image Quality Metrics
- Line Spread Function (LSF): This metric measures the spatial response of imaging systems, specifically how well an imaging system can reproduce finer details in an image. It provides insight into the system's resolution capabilities and how different systems can vary in performance.
- Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE): DQE quantifies how effectively an imaging system converts incoming X-ray photons into a usable image. A higher DQE indicates a more efficient system, meaning that it can generate high-quality images while minimizing patient exposure to radiation.
- Modulation Transfer Function (MTF): MTF describes how well an imaging system can reproduce various spatial frequencies, indicating its ability to capture fine details compared to larger structures in an image. This function is essential in assessing the sharpness and clarity of the images produced by different imaging modalities.
- Image Histograms & Exposure Indices: These tools assist radiologists and technicians in assessing image quality by evaluating the distribution of pixel values in images. Histograms visually represent the tonal range and exposure of images, helping to identify under- or overexposed images that may be unsuitable for diagnosis.

Digital Imaging Fundamentals

Image Size and Matrix
Digital images are composed of pixels, small squares of color or brightness that form an overall image, arranged in a matrix format. The size of this matrix varies significantly depending on the imaging application, with modalities such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing matrix sizes that can range from 256x256 pixels for lower-resolution imaging to high-resolution images that can extend to 4096x4096 pixels. This variation in matrix size is crucial for achieving the desired resolution necessary for accurate diagnostics.
Bit and Byte Definitions
- 1 Bit: This is the fundamental unit of data in computing, representing a binary digit, either a 0 or a 1. It reflects the most basic level of data representation.
- 1 Byte (B): Comprising 8 bits, a byte is often used to represent a single character of data, such as a letter or symbol, in computing.
- 1 Kilobyte (kB): 1,024 bytes, a kilobyte is commonly used as a measure of data size. It represents a small amount of data, such as a short text document.
- 1 Megabyte (MB): This unit consists of 1,048,576 bytes and is typically used to quantify larger files, such as images or audio recordings.
- 1 Gigabyte (GB): Approximately equal to 1 billion bytes, gigabytes are commonly used to measure storage capacity for devices, including memory cards and hard drives.
- 1 Terabyte (TB): Roughly 1 trillion bytes, terabytes are indicative of substantial amounts of data storage often utilized in large databases, servers, and extensive electronic medical records (EMR) systems.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of Medical Imaging Science with a focus on digital image recording and post-processing techniques. It examines the advantages and disadvantages of digital versus analog images, including aspects of image storage, cost, quality, and manipulation methods. Ideal for students studying HMI 2102.

Medical Imaging Technology II - CLO1 Quiz

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