Digital Radiography Overview

Digital Imaging Overview

• Digital imaging involves capturing images directly to a computer instead of using film.
• Transition to "filmless" radiology marks significant advancements in the field.

Impact of New Technology

• Affects radiologic technologists, educators, administrators, and students.
• Many hospitals now utilize digital imaging equipment.

Computed Radiography (CR)

• Components include casettes with phosphor plates, ID stations, digitizers, and viewing stations.
• Offers a transition from traditional film-based imaging.

History of Computed Radiography

• Concept initiated in 1970; first clinical use in Japan was in 1983.
• By 1998, over 5000 CR systems were operational in the U.S.

Terminology

• F/S: Film/Screen (traditional method)
• CR: Computed Radiography
• DR: Digital Radiography
• DDR: Direct to Digital Radiography

Image Creation Process

• Both CR and DR utilize the same radiography equipment with differences in image capture, storage, and processing.

Conventional vs. Digital Imaging

• Conventional systems create analog images; digital systems need electronic signals converted to digital formats.
• CR uses photostimulable phosphor plates, while DR systems utilize transistors for direct image capture.

Image Capture Mechanisms

• CR involves PSP plates replacing traditional film, whereas DR captures photons directly on a transistor.
• Once exposed, the PSP plate generates a latent image that is then scanned for digital processing.

Advantages of CR/DR

• Enhancements in image quality and quick data retrieval eliminate issues related to lost films.
• Post-exposure adjustments can improve visualization without needing repeat exposures.

Storage and Archiving

• CR and DR systems can store thousands of images on compact media, reducing physical storage needs and degradation issues associated with film.

Image Transmission

• PACS (Picture Archiving and Communications System) and DICOM protocols facilitate digital image sharing and remote transmission.

Histogram Analysis

• A histogram represents gray scale value distributions in images, aiding in distinguishing between varying tissue densities.

Dose Implications

• Digital systems typically allow for lower radiation doses while maintaining image quality, enabling better patient safety.

Technique Considerations

• Image quality relies on proper positioning and collimation; poor technique can lead to artifacts and decreased detail.
• High-resolution imaging can potentially introduce new challenges and necessitate thorough training for technologists.

Continuous Improvement

• Emphasis on the need for established techniques and proper understanding of digital imaging principles remains vital to producing quality images.