Medical Discourse in Oral and Written Contexts
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the CERLIS project?

  • To analyze the structure of medical research articles
  • To compare the use of emotional language in different academic disciplines
  • To develop a new format for academic writing in Medicine
  • To investigate the relationship between socioculturally-oriented identity construction factors and textual variations in academic discourse (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the disciplinary areas considered in the CADIS corpus?

  • Linguistics
  • Medicine
  • Physics (correct)
  • Law

    • What is a common feature of language use in Linguistics and Economics according to Giannoni's analysis?

  • The frequent use of metaphors
  • The emphasis on statistical validity
  • The use of formal tone
  • The use of emotional, ironic, and hyperbolic language (correct)

    • What is the primary meaning of the term 'significant' in Medicine according to Giannoni's analysis?

    <p>Statistically valid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference in the use of the term 'significant' between Medicine and Law?

    <p>In Medicine, it refers to statistical validity, while in Law, it refers to meaningfulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many textual genres were considered for each field in the CADIS corpus?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of the CERLIS project in relation to writing practices and linguistic background?

    <p>To analyze the relationship between writing practices and linguistic background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the corpus designed for the CERLIS project?

    <p>CADIS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Maci's analysis of medical research articles?

    <p>To compare the argumentative strategies employed by native and non-native speakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common structural feature of the medical research articles analyzed by Maci?

    <p>Conformity to the IMRAD pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the argumentative strategies employed by Italian authors?

    <p>Quotations are frequently employed to reinforce their views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a difference in the use of verb tense between Italian and native speakers' articles?

    <p>Italian authors prefer the present tense, while native speakers use the past tense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Giannoni's research?

    <p>Investigating the macrostructure of medical editorials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do quotations serve to reinforce in Italian authors' articles?

    <p>Their academic credibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the structure of medical research articles?

    <p>They have a highly codified structure that transcends national cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a commonality between native and non-native speakers' articles?

    <p>Their use of the IMRAD pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary theme of the content provided?

    <p>Medical discourse in oral and written contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the provided content?

    <p>It is a collection of randomly arranged words and symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the provided content?

    <p>A hierarchical tree structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the indentation in the provided content?

    <p>To indicate a hierarchical structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the 'ti' and 'fi' symbols in the provided content?

    <p>They are hierarchical or nested concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'tt' symbol in the provided content?

    <p>It indicates a transition or turning point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tone of the provided content?

    <p>Formal and academic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the provided content?

    <p>To explore the complexities of medical language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of repeating the word 'million' in EXCERPT 3 and EXCERPT 4?

    <p>To make the concept easier to understand for a non-specialized reader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of repeating the word 'million' 14 times in EXCERPT 5?

    <p>Pseudo-Popularization of the concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the excerpt omitted from the version Briefer?

    <p>Because it was an example of over-explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of writing the whole number in words, often specifying the number of zeroes involved?

    <p>To explain the concept more clearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for making a concept seem simpler than it actually is?

    <p>Pseudo-Popularization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of repeating the word 'million' on the reader?

    <p>It makes the concept more relatable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a rhetorical strategy in scientific exposition?

    <p>To make the concept more accessible to a non-specialized reader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for explaining a concept in excessive detail?

    <p>Over-Explanation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following competences is mentioned as a distinct set of competences in all of the analyzed documents?

    <p>Cultural competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which documents is the thematic competence explicitly mentioned?

    <p>All except three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the competence referred to as 'interpreting, but in some instances, can also include written translation'?

    <p>Transfer competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In how many documents is the conflict resolution and mediation competence mentioned?

    <p>Five</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which documents are more frequent in mentioning thematic competence?

    <p>WHO and TIME</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role extensively described in the WHO and TIME texts?

    <p>Intercultural mediator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a distinct competence mentioned in the text?

    <p>Interpretation competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which document is the role of community interpreter most detailed?

    <p>CHIA SOP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medical Discourse and Academic Writing

    • The IMRAD structure is commonly used in medical research articles, which helps authors conform to a highly codified structure that transcends national cultures.

    The CERLIS Project

    • The CERLIS project investigates the relationship between socioculturally-oriented identity constructing factors and textual variations in academic discourse.
    • The project uses a specific corpus (CADIS) including texts from four disciplinary areas: Law, Economics, Linguistics, and Medicine.
    • For each field, four textual genres were considered: Research articles, abstracts, book reviews, and editorials.

    Metaphoric Values in Different Domains

    • "Significant" is the most recurrent term in all four domains, but with different semantic meanings:
      • In Medicine, it is used in the sense of "statistically valid".
      • In Linguistics and Economics, it is used in the sense of "meaningful".
      • In Legal fields, it is used in the sense of "meaningful".

    Medical Research Articles Across Languages and Cultures

    • Maci analyzed medical research articles written in English by non-native speakers and Italian NNSs of English to compare textual structure and argumentative strategies employed.
    • The articles are structurally very similar and commonly follow the IMRAD pattern.
    • Differences were found in the use of argumentative strategies:
      • Italian authors often use present tense and rarely use hedges.
      • Quotations are frequently employed to reinforce their views and thus their academic credibility.

    Discourse of Popularization

    • The discourse of popularization involves strategies such as (over) explanation, (over) exemplification, and (over) simplification.
    • Examples from Stephen Hawking's books illustrate these strategies, including the use of superlative magnitudes and repetitions of the word "million".
    • Pseudo-popularization can occur when seeming simplification is actually a complication.

    Community Interpreters and Intercultural Mediators

    • The roles of community interpreters and intercultural mediators involve linguistic, cultural, and thematic competences.
    • Expected competences include:
      • Linguistic competence
      • Cultural competence
      • Transfer competence
      • Thematic competence
      • Conflict resolution and mediation competence (mentioned in only five texts)

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    Riassunto Testi Orale Inglese III (1) PDF

    Description

    Understanding the structure of medical articles, specifically the IMRAD format, and how it differs from other fields such as linguistics and economics. The CERLIS project is also introduced.

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