Medical Conditions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a reversible cause of cardiac arrest?

  • Hypoxia
  • Hypovolemia
  • Hypothermia
  • Cardiac Tamponade
  • Brain Aneurysm (correct)

What are the signs of Hypoxia?

  • Lack of oxygen reaching major organs (correct)
  • Too much or too little potassium in the blood
  • Loss of blood volume
  • Body temperature below 35 degrees Celsius

What is the treatment for Hypothermia?

Warm air blower, fluid warmer, warm fluid irrigation in bladder/stomach

What is the treatment for Hyper/Hypokalemia?

<p>Address the metabolic imbalance. Refer to ABG (arterial blood gas) for additional information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Tension Pneumothorax?

<p>Insert a wide-bore cannula into the 2nd intercostal space at the midclavicular line. Chest drain positioned soon after. (Position the drain in the 5th intercostal space, midaxillary line).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Cardiac Tamponade?

<p>Pericardiocentesis (long needle is advanced into the pericardium to remove the fluid/blood compressing the heart).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Toxins?

<p>Removing the Toxin and using Toxbase for antidote information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Thrombosis?

<p>Fibrinolysis therapy within 45 minutes of CPR.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The document states that successful treatment of these reversible causes of cardiac arrest is guaranteed.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hypoxia

Lack of oxygen reaching major organs, causing potential cardiac arrest.

Hypothermia

Body temperature below 35 degrees Celsius, impacting heart function.

Hypovolemia

Loss of blood volume due to dehydration, bleeding, or other factors, affecting blood flow to the heart.

Hyperkalemia

High potassium levels in the blood, disrupting heart rhythm.

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Hypokalemia

Low potassium levels in the blood, affecting electrical activity of the heart.

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Tension Pneumothorax

Air or fluid accumulation in the space around the lung, compressing the heart.

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Cardiac Tamponade

Fluid accumulation in the sac surrounding the heart, affecting its pumping ability.

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Toxins

Poisoning affecting heart function.

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Thrombosis

Blood clot blocking a pulmonary or coronary artery, causing heart problems.

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Detoxification

The process of removing a toxin from the body, used to treat poisoning-related cardiac arrest.

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Fibrinolysis Therapy

Treatment using drugs to dissolve blood clots, crucial in treating thrombosis-related cardiac arrest.

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Chest Drainage

Treatment involving a wide-bore cannula inserted into the chest to relieve pressure caused by a tension pneumothorax.

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Pericardiocentesis

Procedure to remove fluid or blood from the pericardial sac, treating cardiac tamponade.

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Oxygen Therapy

Treatment involving high-flow oxygen delivered to the patient.

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Rewarming Therapies

Treatment involving warming the patient's body to reverse hypothermia.

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Fluid Resuscitation

Treatment involving administering fluids to increase blood volume, addressing hypovolemia.

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Electrolyte Management

Treatments specifically addressing electrolyte imbalances like hyperkalemia and hypokalemia.

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Electrolyte Medications

Specific medications used to address electrolyte imbalances.

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Intubation

A procedure that involves inserting a tube into the airway to assist breathing.

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Supraglottic Airway

A device providing an airway for patients in respiratory distress, providing a temporary alternative to intubation.

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Arterial Blood Gas Analysis

A test that analyzes blood gas levels, helping to diagnose causes of cardiac arrest like electrolyte imbalances.

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Major Hemorrhage Protocol

An emergency protocol triggered when a patient loses a significant amount of blood, requiring immediate interventions.

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Intravenous (IV) Administration

A specific method for administering medications, ensuring quick and effective delivery to the patient.

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Toxbase

A database providing information on antidotes for various toxins, crucial in managing poisoning-related cardiac arrest.

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Time Window for Fibrinolysis

A time limit within which fibrinolytic therapy should be administered after CPR to maximize the effectiveness of treatment.

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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

A critical aspect of cardiac arrest treatment involving chest compressions and artificial ventilation, aiming to maintain blood flow and oxygen delivery.

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Dyspnea

A symptom often associated with blood clots, leading to shortness of breath and potential cardiac arrest.

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Leg Swelling

A common sign of blood clots, indicating potential obstruction in the pulmonary or coronary arteries.

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Calf Pain

A symptom suggestive of blood clots, causing pain and tenderness in the leg.

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Study Notes

Hyperkalemia

  • Definition: Too much potassium in the blood
  • Symptoms: Metabolic imbalance, usually leads to shockable rhythm (cardiac arrest)

Hypokalemia

  • Definition: Too little potassium in the blood
  • Symptoms: Metabolic imbalance

Hypothermia

  • Definition: Low body temperature
  • Treatment: Warm the patient gradually using warm air and fluid warmer, in a range between 35-5 degrees
  • Signs/Symptoms: The patient will show signs of hypothermia as breathing and heart rate slows.

Hyperthermia

  • Definition: High body temperature
  • Treatment: Cool fluid lavage and cool water blankets
  • Signs/Symptoms: The person will have an elevated heart rate, shallow or labored breaths, and possibly increased body temperature.

Hypoxia

  • Definition: Lack of oxygen in the body.
  • Treatment: Administer 100% oxygen
  • Signs/Symptoms: Difficult breathing, rapid heart rate, lack of consciousness.

Tension Pneumothorax

  • Definition: Air trapped in the pleural cavity, increasing pressure
  • Symptoms: A person may experience severe chest pain, shortness of breath, and rapid, shallow breaths, and in some cases cyanosis.
  • Treatment: Immediate needle decompression to relieve pressure.

Tamponade

  • Definition: Fluid around the heart causing compression
  • Symptoms: Shortness of breath, shock-like symptoms, discomfort
  • Treatment: Immediate needle decompression or surgical relief of pressure.

Thrombosis

  • Definition: A blood clot in the vascular system
  • Symptoms: History of stroke, MI, or pulmonary artery blockage, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling/numbness
  • Treatment: Remove drugs/toxins from blood.

Toxins

  • Definition: Poisonous substances in the blood
  • Treatment: Remove the toxin, check for allergies and history of drugs, possible treatment with antidotes
  • Signs/Symptoms: Possible nausea, vomiting, or other symptoms depending on the substance ingested.

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Description

Test your knowledge about critical medical conditions including hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypothermia, hyperthermia, hypoxia, and tension pneumothorax. This quiz covers definitions, symptoms, and treatments associated with these conditions. Perfect for students in healthcare fields or anyone interested in medical knowledge.

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