Medical Biochemistry: Fat Soluble Vitamins - Introduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why vitamins are required in the human diet?

  • To regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in the body
  • To provide energy for bodily functions
  • To synthesize biochemical compounds in the body
  • Because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be supplied (correct)

    • What is the main characteristic that distinguishes fat soluble vitamins from water soluble vitamins?

  • Their ability to function as coenzymes
  • Their requirement for adequate bile salts
  • Their role in energy production
  • Their solubility in non-polar solvents (correct)

    • Which of the following vitamins is NOT a fat soluble vitamin?

  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin C (correct)
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin K

    • What is the primary function of the chylomicron complex in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

    <p>To absorb and transport fat soluble vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of Vitamin D?

    <p>Cholecalciferol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

    <p>Presence of adequate bile salts, pancreatic secretions, and healthy mucosa cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cones in vertebrates?

    <p>To function in bright light and perceive colours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prosthetic group in rhodopsin?

    <p>11-cis-retinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of 9-cis-retinoic acid and all-transretinoic acid?

    <p>Regulation of growth, development and tissue differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of lack of vitamin A in epithelial cells?

    <p>The skin becomes keratinized and scaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the photoreceptor molecule present in cones?

    <p>Iodopsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vitamin A in bone remodelling?

    <p>It is required for bone remodelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the lack of vitamins in food?

    <p>Dietary deprivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups of compounds have vitamin A activity and are found only in foods of animal origin?

    <p>Retinoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the enzyme that cleaves carotenoids to yield retinal in the intestinal mucosa?

    <p>Carotene dioxygenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major function of vitamin A that was discovered in 1943 by George Wald?

    <p>Vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form in which retinol is stored in the liver?

    <p>Lipid esters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition that can lead to an increased need for vitamins in the body?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vitamin A in reproductive cycles?

    <p>Regulation of sperm production and normal reproductive cycles in females</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism behind the anti-carcinogenic role of vitamin A?

    <p>Activation of cytosol-binding protein receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ultra violet (UV) light on vitamin A?

    <p>Vitamin A is heat stable but sensitive to UV light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the richest dietary source of carotenoids?

    <p>Palm oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of retinoic acid in treating skin disorders?

    <p>Topical applications for treating skin disorders such as psoriasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it not advisable to expose palm oil to sunlight?

    <p>To prevent the degradation of vitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

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