Medical Biochemistry: Fat Soluble Vitamins

What is the primary reason why vitamins are required in the human diet?

To regulate the balance of water and electrolytes in the body
To provide energy for bodily functions
To synthesize biochemical compounds in the body
Because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be supplied (correct)

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes fat soluble vitamins from water soluble vitamins?

Their ability to function as coenzymes
Their requirement for adequate bile salts
Their role in energy production
Their solubility in non-polar solvents (correct)

Which of the following vitamins is NOT a fat soluble vitamin?

Vitamin E
Vitamin C (correct)
Vitamin A
Vitamin K

What is the primary function of the chylomicron complex in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

To absorb and transport fat soluble vitamins (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of Vitamin D?

Cholecalciferol (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary condition for the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

Presence of adequate bile salts, pancreatic secretions, and healthy mucosa cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cones in vertebrates?

To function in bright light and perceive colours (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the prosthetic group in rhodopsin?

11-cis-retinal (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of 9-cis-retinoic acid and all-transretinoic acid?

Regulation of growth, development and tissue differentiation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of lack of vitamin A in epithelial cells?

The skin becomes keratinized and scaly (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the photoreceptor molecule present in cones?

Iodopsin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vitamin A in bone remodelling?

It is required for bone remodelling (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the lack of vitamins in food?

Dietary deprivation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups of compounds have vitamin A activity and are found only in foods of animal origin?

Retinoids (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that cleaves carotenoids to yield retinal in the intestinal mucosa?

Carotene dioxygenase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of vitamin A that was discovered in 1943 by George Wald?

Vision (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the form in which retinol is stored in the liver?

Lipid esters (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition that can lead to an increased need for vitamins in the body?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vitamin A in reproductive cycles?

Regulation of sperm production and normal reproductive cycles in females (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind the anti-carcinogenic role of vitamin A?

Activation of cytosol-binding protein receptor (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ultra violet (UV) light on vitamin A?

Vitamin A is heat stable but sensitive to UV light (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the richest dietary source of carotenoids?

Palm oil (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of retinoic acid in treating skin disorders?

Topical applications for treating skin disorders such as psoriasis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it not advisable to expose palm oil to sunlight?

To prevent the degradation of vitamin A (C) Signup and view all the answers

Medical Biochemistry: Fat Soluble Vitamins - Introduction

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