Medical Assisting Chapter 49 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart?

  • Cardiac Cycle
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • Pulmonary Function Test
  • Electrocardiography (correct)

    • What does PFT stand for?

    Pulmonary Function Test

    Myocardial infarction is also known as _______ ________.

    heart attack

    What is Polarity?

    <p>The condition of having two separate poles, one positive and one negative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates a chain reaction causing heart contraction?

    <p>Depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are electrodes?

    <p>Electrical impulse sensors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Repolarization refer to?

    <p>When the heart is back at rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Sequence of contraction and relaxation of the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Electrocardiogram?

    <p>Record of the electrical activity of the heart in waves and lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peaks and valleys on an ECG are called waves or ______.

    <p>deflections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The impulses received through various combinations of electrodes constitute different _____ on the ECG.

    <p>leads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ ______ electrocardiograph records one lead tracing at a time.

    <p>single channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ ______ electrocardiograph records a full sheet of 12 leads.

    <p>multi channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for Electronic Health Record?

    <p>EHR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Electrolyte?

    <p>A substance that enhances transmission of electric current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ electrodes are placed on specific locations on the chest.

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which limb sensor is the reference or ground electrode?

    <p>Right Leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Limb Leads?

    <p>Leads of arms and legs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One standard lead monitors 2 other limb electrodes. These are also known as _______ _____.

    <p>bipolar leads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Augmented Leads monitor one limb electrode and a point midway between two or more limbs. These leads are also known as _________ ______.

    <p>unipolar leads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'augment' mean?

    <p>To amplify.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aVF stand for?

    <p>Augmented Vector-foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aVR stand for?

    <p>Augmented Vector-right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aVL stand for?

    <p>Augmented Vector-left</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Precordial Leads?

    <p>The 6 standard chest leads in EKG.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For adults, at what speed does the paper move through the EKG machine?

    <p>25 mm per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each 1mm (small) box on the ECG strip represents how much time?

    <p>0.04 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much time does each 5mm (large) square on EKG paper represent?

    <p>0.2 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In one minute, how many squares does the EKG paper advance?

    <p>300</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each small square on the EKG paper represents how many Millivolts?

    <p>0.1 mV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For infants with a rapid heart rate, what is the recommended speed for the EKG paper?

    <p>50 mm per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Artifacts?

    <p>Erroneous marks or defects on the ECG tracking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient has an amputated ____, both electrodes must be placed on the thighs or abdomen, parallel to each other.

    <p>leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient has an amputated ___, both electrodes must be placed at shoulder level.

    <p>arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Connect the wires to the electrodes using ____ or snaps on the end of the wires.

    <p>clips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Wandering Baseline?

    <p>A shift in the baseline from the center position for that lead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ____ ____ on one lead is typically caused by loose or disconnected wire.

    <p>flat line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Alternating Current Interference?

    <p>When the electrocardiograph picks up a small amount of electrical current given off by another piece of electrical equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Somatic Interference?

    <p>Muscle movement or tensing can affect an ECG reading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ____ _____ can easily be determined by counting the number of beats per minute.

    <p>heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Electrocardiography

    • Process for recording the heart's electrical activity.
    • Produces an electrocardiogram (ECG), depicted as waves and lines.

    Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)

    • Evaluates lung capacity and volume of patients.

    Myocardial Infarction (MI)

    • Commonly known as a heart attack.

    Polarity

    • Refers to the condition with two distinct poles: positive and negative.

    Depolarization & Repolarization

    • Depolarization: Electrical impulse triggering heart contraction.
    • Repolarization: Phase when the heart returns to a resting state.

    Electrodes

    • Sensors that detect electrical impulses of the heart.

    Cardiac Cycle

    • Sequence of heart contraction and relaxation.

    Deflections

    • Peaks and valleys on an ECG are referred to as waves or deflections.

    Leads

    • Different views of heart's electrical activity recorded from various electrode combinations.

    Single Channel vs. Multi Channel

    • Single Channel: Records one lead at a time.
    • Multi Channel: Records 12 leads simultaneously on a full sheet.

    Electronic Health Record (EHR)

    • Digital version of a patient’s paper chart.

    Electrolytes

    • Substances that promote the conduction of electrical current.

    Electrode Placement

    • Six electrodes positioned on specific chest areas for ECG.

    Reference or Ground Electrode

    • The right leg sensor serves this role.

    Limb Leads

    • Electrodes placed on arms and legs to monitor heart activity.

    Bipolar vs. Unipolar Leads

    • Bipolar leads connect two limb electrodes, known as standard leads.
    • Unipolar leads monitor one limb and a midpoint between others, referred to as augmented leads.

    Augmented Vector Designations

    • aVF: Augmented Vector-foot.
    • aVR: Augmented Vector-right.
    • aVL: Augmented Vector-left.

    Precordial Leads

    • The 6 standard chest leads used in EKG monitoring.

    ECG Paper Speed

    • Standard speed for adults is 25 mm/second, adjusted to 50 mm/second for infants with rapid heart rates.

    Time Representation on ECG

    • Each small box (1mm) on an ECG represents 0.04 seconds.
    • Each large box (5mm) represents 0.2 seconds.

    ECG Paper Movement

    • Advances 300 squares per minute.

    Voltage Representation

    • Each small square on the ECG reflects 0.1 mV.

    Artifacts

    • Erroneous marks on ECG due to various interferences.

    Amputation Adjustments

    • If a patient has a leg amputation, electrodes are placed on the thighs; for an arm amputation, electrodes are at shoulder level.

    Connection Techniques

    • Wires connect to electrodes using clips or snaps.

    Wandering Baseline

    • Occurs when the baseline shifts; can be avoided by avoiding lotions and creams.

    Common ECG Issues

    • Flat Line: Indicates loose or disconnected wires.
    • Alternating Current Interference: Caused by nearby electrical equipment.
    • Somatic Interference: Results from muscle movements or tremors.

    Determining Heart Rate

    • Heart rate can be assessed by counting the number of beats detected in a certain timeframe.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering Chapter 49 of Medical Assisting. Key terms like electrocardiography and myocardial infarction are included to enhance your understanding of crucial medical concepts. Perfect for students preparing for exams or seeking to refresh their medical terminology.

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