Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
At the time the article was last revised Bahman Rasuli had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose. At the time the article was created Frank Gaillard had no recorded disclosures. Osteomyelitis (plural: osteomyelitides) refers to infection of bone involving the medullary cavity that is typically ______
bacterial
This article primarily deals with pyogenic osteomyelitis, which may be ______ or chronic.
acute
Other non-pyogenic causes of osteomyelitis are discussed separately: Bone infection accounts for one of the 'I's in the popular mnemonic for lucent bone lesions ______.
FEGNOMASHIC
Osteomyelitis can occur at ______ age.
Signup and view all the answers
In those without specific risk factors, it is particularly common between the ages of ______ years and is more common in males (M:F of 3:1).
Signup and view all the answers
In most instances, osteomyelitis results from hematogenous spread, although direct extension from trauma and/or ulcers is relatively common (especially in the feet of diabetic patients). In the initial stages of infection, bacteria multiply, triggering a localized inflammatory reaction that results in localized cell death. With time, the infection becomes demarcated by a rim of granulation tissue and new bone ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen in cases of osteomyelitis, with a frequency of up to 50%. Different organisms are more common in specific clinical scenarios, including fungi and other ____________ agents.
Signup and view all the answers
The location of osteomyelitis within a bone varies with age due to changes in ____________ of different parts of the bone.
Signup and view all the answers
MRI has the highest accuracy to detect osteomyelitis with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of ~80%. In some instances, imaging features are specific to a region or a particular type of infection, for example: Below are the general features of ____________.
Signup and view all the answers
Ultrasound excels as a fast and inexpensive examination of the soft tissues and can guide the drainage of soft tissue collections. However, it has little role in the direct assessment of osteomyelitis, as it is unable to visualize within the ____________.
Signup and view all the answers
CT is superior to both MRI and plain film in depicting the bony margins and identifying a sequestrum or involucrum. The CT features are otherwise similar to plain films. The overall sensitivity and specificity of CT is low, even in the setting of chronic osteomyelitis, and according to one study are 67% and ____________, respectively.
Signup and view all the answers
MRI is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for osteomyelitis, able to identify soft-tissue/joint complications. Bone marrow edema is the earliest feature of a ____________.
Signup and view all the answers
