6 Questions
What is the developmental process involved in repairing bone fractures?
Chondrogenesis and osteogenic activity
Which condition in children is caused by calcium deficiency and results in bone matrix abnormalities?
Rickets
What happens to bone cells near a fracture due to disrupted blood vessels?
They undergo apoptosis
What is the consequence of calcium deficiency in adults that leads to reduced bone mineral density?
Osteoporosis
Which vitamin is important for the absorption of calcium by cells of the small intestine?
Vitamin D
What is the cause of osteomalacia in adults?
Vitamin D deficiency
Study Notes
Bone Fractures
- Bone fractures are repaired through a developmental process involving chondrocyte formation and osteogenic activity of major bone cells.
- Fractures disrupt blood vessels, causing bone cells near the break to die, leading to a localized hemorrhage or hematoma.
- Clotted blood is removed by macrophages, and the matrix of damaged, cell-free bone is resorbed by osteoclasts.
Rickets
- Rickets is a disease caused by calcium deficiency in children, leading to abnormal bone matrix calcification and distortion of the epiphyseal plate.
- The deficiency can be due to insufficient calcium in the diet or a failure to produce vitamin D, which is essential for Ca2+ absorption by small intestine cells.
- This results in slowed bone growth and potential deformities.
Osteomalacia
- Osteomalacia is a condition in adults characterized by deficient calcification of newly formed bone and partial decalcification of already calcified matrix.
- It is caused by calcium deficiency, which impairs bone mineralization.
Osteoporosis
- Osteoporosis is an imbalance in skeletal turnover, where bone resorption exceeds bone formation.
- This leads to calcium loss from bones and reduced bone mineral density (BMD).
Learn about the developmental process involved in bone fractures repair, including brocartilage formation and osteogenic activities. Understand how bone fractures disrupt blood vessels, leading to cell death and localized hemorrhage. Explore the removal of clotted blood and tissue debris in the healing process.
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