Mediastinum Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

  • Division of ventricles
  • Generation of electrical impulses
  • Contraction of atria
  • Supporting the valves (correct)
  • Where is the SA (Sinoatrial) node located in the heart?

  • Interatrial septum
  • Above the tricuspid valve
  • Base of SVC (correct)
  • In the right ventricle
  • What happens when the ventricles contract during diastole and systole in the heart?

  • Conduction system activates
  • Ventricles relax to stop blood flow (correct)
  • Blood flow from great vessels increases
  • Valves open to allow blood flow
  • Which structure is responsible for the contraction of both atria before the atrioventricular (AV) nodes are engaged?

    <p>SA node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the AV bundle (bundle of His) lead to after leaving the AV node?

    <p>Surrounding the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure divides the inferior mediastinum into anterior, middle, and posterior subdivisions?

    <p>Pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Protects the heart against overfilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves are located in the middle mediastinum?

    <p>Phrenic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart has thinner walls due to pressure differences?

    <p>Right Ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the epicardium located?

    <p>On the visceral pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve lies between the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle?

    <p>Bicuspid valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures are included in the middle mediastinum?

    <p>Pulmonary trunk and arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of papillary muscles in the heart?

    <p>To contract and prevent valve prolapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the serous pericardium?

    <p>Produces serous fluid for heart lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure contains Purkinje fibers in the heart?

    <p>Moderator band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of semilunar valves in the heart?

    <p>To close by backflow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chordae tendinae in the heart?

    <p>To attach cusps to papillary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart is continuous with the endothelium of vessels?

    <p>Endocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the heart apex?

    <p>Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is an embryonic remnant of the right atrium?

    <p>Atrial appendage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the coronary sinus?

    <p>Receives venous blood from the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the Pectinate muscles reside in the heart?

    <p>Atrial wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Caval valve during embryonic development?

    <p>Directs blood from RA to LA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

    <p>To provide structural support and serve as an attachment site for the heart valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium?

    <p>Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atrioventricular valves close?

    <p>Ventricular systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation?

    <p>Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the spread of electrical excitation through the chambers of the heart?

    <p>Conduction pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?

    <p>Aortic valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

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