Media and Mass Communication Module 1

Module 1

• Media: Plural form of the Latin word "medium". Functions include informing, educating, entertaining, and advertising. Types of sources include primary, secondary, and tertiary. Non-traditional and traditional media formats like print, broadcast, motion pictures, sound recordings, and new media are mentioned. Includes news sources categorized by region (North, East, West, South). Branches of government: legislative, executive, judicial.
• Mass Communication: Process of communication using technology to send messages to a large mixed audience. Mass media includes movies, television shows, and films.
• Philippine Competition Commission (PCC): Government agency mandating direct competition among businesses.
• Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB): Rates television shows and films.
• National Telecommunications Commission (NTC): Agency working to reduce media piracy.
• KBP, FAP, FWEI, PMPPA: Organizations concerned with media and film industry workers' well-being. Includes the Philippine Motion Picture Producers Association, Filipino Workers in the Entertainment Industry, Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas, and Film Academy of the Philippines.
• Erratum: Statement of an error and its correction in published media.

Module 2

• Rule of Law: All individuals and entities are accountable to public law, equally enforced and independently adjudicated. Includes a clear and consistent legal framework and transitional justice.
• Constitution Day: Celebrated on February 2nd.
• Article 2 (Declaration of Principles and State Policies): State recognizes the vital role of communication and information in nation-building.
• Freedom of Information Bill: Seeks to increase transparency within the Philippine bureaucracy. Includes accountability and privacy of communication and correspondence.
• Article 3 (Bill of Rights): Covers the freedom of speech and expression, privacy of communication, and the prohibition against any law abridging these rights.
• Information and communication technologies (ICTs): Reflecting Filipino aspirations and ideals.

Module 3

• Article 3, Section 4: No law shall abridge freedom of speech, expression, or the press, or the right of people to peacefully assemble, or to petition the government for a redress of grievances. Amendments, restraints, and precedents for freedom of speech are discussed, including libelous and obscene materials, responsibility, and conflicts of interest in media.
• Proposed Amendments: Responsible exercise of freedom of speech, discussing libelous and obscene materials with actual malice. Discusses misinformation and conflict of interest (plagiarism, paid content, breach of confidentiality, and advertising bias). Cyberbullying and cyber libel, along with disruptive, subversive, and harmful content, are also discussed.
• Presidential Decree 1834: Discusses punishment (Reclusion perpetua or death penalty) for insurrection, rebellion, or sedition.
• Crimes against honor: Describes defamation, libel, and slander. Includes the relevant legal statutes governing these offenses.
• Project Dalisay: A proposed comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) program targeted mainly at addressing teenage pregnancy.
• Makabayan bloc: Protester's group concerned with poverty, corruption, and accountability issues. Clemency, an act of mercy by a government official to reduce or forgive a crime, is discussed. Judicial bar council, which investigates complaints against judges, fosters public trust, and balances judicial independence. Bicameral refers to a legislative body with two chambers — the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (upper house).

Module 4

• Ombudsman: Investigates government officials for corruption and misconduct.
• Unjust Vexation: Causing annoyance or irritation without a lawful reason. (Oral defamation)