Med Term 16.6 Flashcards

Surgical and Invasive Procedures

• Dermatoplasty: Surgical repair of the skin, often performed for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes.
• Dermabrasion: Technique to remove scars or tattoos by sanding or brushing off the outer layers of skin after anesthetization.
• Electrocautery: Uses a heated needle to destroy tissue, commonly employed to remove warts.
• Liposuction: Surgical procedure for the removal of fat beneath the skin using suction.
• Rhytidectomy: Cosmetic surgery aimed at removing wrinkles and signs of aging, primarily from the face.

Skin Conditions and Disorders

• Anhidrosis: Condition characterized by a lack of sweat production, affecting body temperature regulation.
• Keratosis: Abnormal skin condition with proliferation of keratinized cells; can manifest as thickened skin.
• Icthyosis: Skin disorder leading to dry and scaly skin, indicative of impaired skin barrier function.
• Erythema: Redness of the skin due to blood vessel dilation, often in response to inflammation or sunburn.
• Seborrhea: Condition where overactive sebaceous glands cause oily skin, potentially leading to acne.

Tumors and Growths

• Xanthoma: Yellow tumor or nodule typically found under the skin, often associated with cholesterol deposits.
• Lipoma: Tumor composed of fatty tissue, generally benign and asymptomatic.
• Melanoma: Malignant neoplasm arising from melanocytes, known for aggressive potential and risk of metastasis.
• Leukoplakia: Thick white patches on the mucous membranes, particularly in the mouth; can progress to cancer.

Infectious Conditions

• Mycosis: A fungal infection affecting nails, often associated with discolored and damaged nails.
• Onychomycosis: Specific fungal infection of the nails, leading to thickening and possible separation from the nail bed.
• Paronychia: Infection of the tissues surrounding a nail, often resulting from trauma or a fungal component.
• Dermatophytosis: Fungal skin infections, usually in warm and moist areas covered by clothing, leading to ringworm-like lesions.

Skin Layers and Structures

• Epidermis: The outermost layer of skin, providing a barrier against the environment; contains various cell types including melanocytes.
• Subcutaneous: Refers to the tissue located beneath the skin, often containing fat and connective tissue.
• Adipose: Type of connective tissue that stores fat, serving as an energy reserve and insulation.
• Pilosebaceous: Relating to hair follicles and sebaceous glands, playing a key role in skin moisture and protection.

Specialized Cells and Functions

• Melanocyte: Cell in the basal layer of the epidermis responsible for producing melanin, pigmenting the skin and hair.
• Squamous Epithelium: Made up of flat, scale-like cells, this tissue is the primary component of the epidermis.
• Epidermolysis: Describes the loosening of the epidermis, which can occur in certain skin conditions or injuries.

Related Symptoms and Conditions

• Causalgia: Describes a burning pain sensation in a limb, typically linked to damage of a peripheral nerve.
• Diaphoresis: Refers to excessive sweating, which is a response to various stimuli including heat or anxiety.
• Xeroderma: Mild ichthyosis characterized by dry and rough skin, indicating a need for enhanced moisturization.