Mechanoreceptors in High Pressure Sites - Medical Physiology
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Questions and Answers

Where are the baroreceptors located?

  • In the liver
  • In the kidneys
  • In blood vessels (correct)
  • In the brain

What determines Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) according to the provided information?

  • Systolic pressure only
  • Pulse pressure alone
  • Diastolic pressure only
  • Diastolic pressure and 1/3 of pulse pressure (correct)

Which statement best describes the baroreflex system's role in blood pressure regulation?

  • It maintains blood pressure by adjusting vascular resistance and heart rate (correct)
  • It is primarily involved in regulating water reabsorption
  • It controls volume excretion in the kidneys
  • It is responsible for autonomic innervation of the heart

Can baroreceptors reset their sensing point?

<p>Yes, they can adapt and alter their sensitivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the cardiovascular control centers in the brain, what is the main function of these centers?

<p>Controlling cardiovascular functions like heart rate and blood vessel diameter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates high pressure sites from low pressure sites regarding baroreceptors?

<p>High pressure sites have more sensitive baroreceptors than low pressure sites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) released from the atria?

<p>Facilitate volume excretion (sodium and water) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do low-pressure baroreceptors respond to excessive venous return?

<p>By eliminating fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a sudden decrease in blood pressure have on the autonomic innervation of the cardiovascular system?

<p>Inhibit parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and stimulate sympathetic nervous system (SNS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of increased stretching of the walls of blood vessels on baroreceptor firing?

<p>Increase baroreceptor firing rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cardiovascular baroreceptors respond to a sudden increase in blood pressure?

<p>Decrease heart rate and blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of preganglionic fibers in the autonomic innervation of the cardiovascular system?

<p>Connect postganglionic fibers to target organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain serves as the integrative region of messages to regulate cardiovascular responses?

<p>Hypothalamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of cardiovascular regulation in the brain?

<p>Medulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the carotid sinus?

<p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial IX) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baroreceptors at the carotid sinus are more sensitive than those in the aortic arch in:

<p>Animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do excitatory neurons from the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) project to in the brain?

<p>Rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the baroreceptor firing response curve with a sustained decrease in mean arterial pressure?

<p>Shifts to the left (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the shift in baroreceptor firing response curve with a sustained increase in mean arterial pressure?

<p>Partial resetting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does chronic hypertension have on baroreceptor firing?

<p>Increased baroreceptor firing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total range of pressure within which the carotid sinus baroreceptors respond?

<p>60-180 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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