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Questions and Answers
What is the rated power of the tractor?
What is the rated power of the tractor?
Which component facilitates the turning of the tractor?
Which component facilitates the turning of the tractor?
For high-speed engines, when does the intake valve open?
For high-speed engines, when does the intake valve open?
What type of fuel do spark-ignition engines use?
What type of fuel do spark-ignition engines use?
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In a four-stroke cycle engine, which stroke occurs when the piston moves upward with both valves closed?
In a four-stroke cycle engine, which stroke occurs when the piston moves upward with both valves closed?
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In a compression-ignition engine, when does the intake valve open?
In a compression-ignition engine, when does the intake valve open?
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What direction must the steering wheel be turned to reverse a four-wheel tractor to the right?
What direction must the steering wheel be turned to reverse a four-wheel tractor to the right?
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The flywheel absorbs power from the crankshaft during idle strokes and returns it during the power stroke.
The flywheel absorbs power from the crankshaft during idle strokes and returns it during the power stroke.
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If a 1000 kg carabao is pulling a moldboard plow, what is the formula for the total pull in lb?
If a 1000 kg carabao is pulling a moldboard plow, what is the formula for the total pull in lb?
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How is the time taken to plow a rectangular field calculated?
How is the time taken to plow a rectangular field calculated?
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By what percentage is the total pull increased if the weight of the carabao is increased to 1500 kg?
By what percentage is the total pull increased if the weight of the carabao is increased to 1500 kg?
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If each succeeding pass overlaps the previous pass by 10%, how much longer will it take to plow the same field?
If each succeeding pass overlaps the previous pass by 10%, how much longer will it take to plow the same field?
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How wide is the swath of a combine harvesting a two-hectare rice field?
How wide is the swath of a combine harvesting a two-hectare rice field?
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Which of the following is not part of a force pump?
Which of the following is not part of a force pump?
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What do you call a device that forces more fuel mixture into the cylinders than would be drawn in under normal atmospheric conditions?
What do you call a device that forces more fuel mixture into the cylinders than would be drawn in under normal atmospheric conditions?
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Arrange the following according to the process of management.
Arrange the following according to the process of management.
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The gasoline engine is characterized as:
The gasoline engine is characterized as:
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What is the power equivalent of the fuel used if the brake horsepower is 1.35 hp and thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency are 40% and 72%, respectively?
What is the power equivalent of the fuel used if the brake horsepower is 1.35 hp and thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency are 40% and 72%, respectively?
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Estimate the number of tractors needed for a 1000-hectare farm to be planted with hybrid corn.
Estimate the number of tractors needed for a 1000-hectare farm to be planted with hybrid corn.
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Estimate the number of picker-sheller needed for a 1000-hectare farm.
Estimate the number of picker-sheller needed for a 1000-hectare farm.
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Assuming 100 days of maturity, what is the cycle time in days for the corn?
Assuming 100 days of maturity, what is the cycle time in days for the corn?
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In management, what is doing the right things?
In management, what is doing the right things?
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Find the weight (in kg) transferred from the front wheels of a tractor while plowing.
Find the weight (in kg) transferred from the front wheels of a tractor while plowing.
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Of corresponding size and speed, single-cylinder engines compared to multi-cylinder engines will require __________ flywheels.
Of corresponding size and speed, single-cylinder engines compared to multi-cylinder engines will require __________ flywheels.
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The windmill for water pumping is characterized as:
The windmill for water pumping is characterized as:
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If money is worth 8.7% simple interest, how long (in months) until a debt of P36,000.50 becomes P37,501.50?
If money is worth 8.7% simple interest, how long (in months) until a debt of P36,000.50 becomes P37,501.50?
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Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?
Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?
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Which are considered discounted measures of project worth?
Which are considered discounted measures of project worth?
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General-purpose tillage involves cutting and pulverizing the soil to a depth of:
General-purpose tillage involves cutting and pulverizing the soil to a depth of:
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The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. What is the spacing?
The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. What is the spacing?
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Determine the amount of chemical to mix with water per loading for an application rate of 4 kg/ha using a 16-liter knapsack sprayer.
Determine the amount of chemical to mix with water per loading for an application rate of 4 kg/ha using a 16-liter knapsack sprayer.
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Determine the theoretical field capacity for a field measuring 45 m X 90 m using a 1-m upland power tiller.
Determine the theoretical field capacity for a field measuring 45 m X 90 m using a 1-m upland power tiller.
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What is the total engine displacement of a 4-cylinder, 120 mm × 120 mm engine turning at 2000 rpm?
What is the total engine displacement of a 4-cylinder, 120 mm × 120 mm engine turning at 2000 rpm?
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What does the ratio of the kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy refer to?
What does the ratio of the kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy refer to?
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What type of engine operates under a constant pressure cycle?
What type of engine operates under a constant pressure cycle?
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Determine the theoretical power available from a stream given that the average width is 6 meters, average depth is 16 inches, speed is 10 ft/min, and height of drop is 1.5 meters.
Determine the theoretical power available from a stream given that the average width is 6 meters, average depth is 16 inches, speed is 10 ft/min, and height of drop is 1.5 meters.
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What is the specific gravity of concentrated acid in a lead-acid battery composed of 2 parts of sulphuric acid and 5 parts water?
What is the specific gravity of concentrated acid in a lead-acid battery composed of 2 parts of sulphuric acid and 5 parts water?
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In an ideal Diesel engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at which condition?
In an ideal Diesel engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at which condition?
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In an ideal Otto engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at which condition?
In an ideal Otto engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at which condition?
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Estimate the kilos of dung produced by 1000 heads of chicken within 1 month.
Estimate the kilos of dung produced by 1000 heads of chicken within 1 month.
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Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding pressure effects?
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding pressure effects?
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How much water is produced by an engine each hour if it burns 25 liters of premium gasoline?
How much water is produced by an engine each hour if it burns 25 liters of premium gasoline?
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A prony brake test shows the crankshaft rotates at 1000 rpm with a brake arm length of 60 inches and a net load of 50 lb. What is the power developed?
A prony brake test shows the crankshaft rotates at 1000 rpm with a brake arm length of 60 inches and a net load of 50 lb. What is the power developed?
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What is the field efficiency when a 1.2-m wide floating tiller is used in a paddy field?
What is the field efficiency when a 1.2-m wide floating tiller is used in a paddy field?
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What application method applies chemicals around the trunk of a tree?
What application method applies chemicals around the trunk of a tree?
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What is the traditional system of harvesting and threshing of rice?
What is the traditional system of harvesting and threshing of rice?
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Among the factors affecting the choice of harvesting and threshing systems, which is the major factor?
Among the factors affecting the choice of harvesting and threshing systems, which is the major factor?
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The threshing action most commonly used by a mechanical thresher for rice is?
The threshing action most commonly used by a mechanical thresher for rice is?
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What rpm must the groundwheel be set to simulate the designed working speed for a paddy seeder?
What rpm must the groundwheel be set to simulate the designed working speed for a paddy seeder?
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What is the maximum force that can be developed by a 3.5-inch hydraulic cylinder at 1000 lbs/in2 maximum pressure?
What is the maximum force that can be developed by a 3.5-inch hydraulic cylinder at 1000 lbs/in2 maximum pressure?
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What is the total engine displacement of a 4-cylinder, 120 mm × 120 mm engine turning at 2000 rpm?
What is the total engine displacement of a 4-cylinder, 120 mm × 120 mm engine turning at 2000 rpm?
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What does the ratio of the kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy refer to?
What does the ratio of the kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy refer to?
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Determine the theoretical power available from a stream using the following data: average width = 6 meters; average depth = 16 inches; speed = 10 ft/min; height of drop = 1.5 meters.
Determine the theoretical power available from a stream using the following data: average width = 6 meters; average depth = 16 inches; speed = 10 ft/min; height of drop = 1.5 meters.
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This rating indicates the ability of diesel fuels to burn without detonating compared to reference fuels.
This rating indicates the ability of diesel fuels to burn without detonating compared to reference fuels.
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What is the specific gravity of the concentrated acid in the lead-acid battery?
What is the specific gravity of the concentrated acid in the lead-acid battery?
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In an ideal Diesel engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at what condition?
In an ideal Diesel engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at what condition?
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In an ideal Otto engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at what condition?
In an ideal Otto engine, the combustion of fuel occurs at what condition?
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What factor primarily affects the choice of harvesting and threshing systems?
What factor primarily affects the choice of harvesting and threshing systems?
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What is the typical change in the value of equipment due to normal use and aging?
What is the typical change in the value of equipment due to normal use and aging?
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What is the theoretical maximum percentage of kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy?
What is the theoretical maximum percentage of kinetic energy of air that a wind rotor can convert into mechanical energy?
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How many hectares can be plowed in one hour by a tractor operating at 5 kph with a working width of 160 cm?
How many hectares can be plowed in one hour by a tractor operating at 5 kph with a working width of 160 cm?
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Estimate the kilos of dung that can be produced by 1000 heads of chicken within 1 month.
Estimate the kilos of dung that can be produced by 1000 heads of chicken within 1 month.
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How much oxygen is typically present in air by volume?
How much oxygen is typically present in air by volume?
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For complete combustion of gasoline, how much air is needed?
For complete combustion of gasoline, how much air is needed?
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What is the term used for the value of an asset after subtracting depreciation?
What is the term used for the value of an asset after subtracting depreciation?
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What is the total human power generated by the two persons in one day if they work an average of 6 hours?
What is the total human power generated by the two persons in one day if they work an average of 6 hours?
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Planter designed to place seedlings in rows and in hills is called:
Planter designed to place seedlings in rows and in hills is called:
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What is the shaft power of the engine tested on a brake dynamometer at a speed of 2000 rpm with a load of 5 kg?
What is the shaft power of the engine tested on a brake dynamometer at a speed of 2000 rpm with a load of 5 kg?
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The IRRI drum seeder is an example of:
The IRRI drum seeder is an example of:
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Parameter not required in determining the field capacity of a planter:
Parameter not required in determining the field capacity of a planter:
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What is the seeding rate at full open adjustment for the calibration of the grain drill?
What is the seeding rate at full open adjustment for the calibration of the grain drill?
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Determine the expected hill spacing for the two-row corn planter with given specifications.
Determine the expected hill spacing for the two-row corn planter with given specifications.
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Estimate the power that can be generated by a person working for 4 hours in a farm harvesting.
Estimate the power that can be generated by a person working for 4 hours in a farm harvesting.
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Method of pest control not considered engineering control is:
Method of pest control not considered engineering control is:
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Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:
Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:
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Which of the following is not a spray nozzle pattern?
Which of the following is not a spray nozzle pattern?
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Operation with the highest manual labor requirement for lowland rice:
Operation with the highest manual labor requirement for lowland rice:
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Principle used in creating hydraulic energy in a lever-operated knapsack sprayer is:
Principle used in creating hydraulic energy in a lever-operated knapsack sprayer is:
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If mechanical work is done at a rate of 1 ft-lb/sec, what is its equivalent in watts?
If mechanical work is done at a rate of 1 ft-lb/sec, what is its equivalent in watts?
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What is the theoretical power available from a stream with given dimensions?
What is the theoretical power available from a stream with given dimensions?
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Estimate the actual power of a windmill with a specific diameter and wind speed:
Estimate the actual power of a windmill with a specific diameter and wind speed:
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How much power can a 1,000 lb horse develop while walking at 2.5 mph?
How much power can a 1,000 lb horse develop while walking at 2.5 mph?
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It is a self-propelled machine designed primarily to pull or propel agricultural implements.
It is a self-propelled machine designed primarily to pull or propel agricultural implements.
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Warranty period for hand tractor from the purchase of the machine.
Warranty period for hand tractor from the purchase of the machine.
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A metal sheet with gauge number equal to 14 means:
A metal sheet with gauge number equal to 14 means:
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The required water temperature in testing pump.
The required water temperature in testing pump.
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The criteria used in evaluating the performance of a machine:
The criteria used in evaluating the performance of a machine:
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The development of a desirable soil structure for a seedbed does not include:
The development of a desirable soil structure for a seedbed does not include:
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Soil cut, lifted, inverted, and thrown to one side of the blow bottom is termed:
Soil cut, lifted, inverted, and thrown to one side of the blow bottom is termed:
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Bend sideward of the point of the share to make the plow cut the proper width is:
Bend sideward of the point of the share to make the plow cut the proper width is:
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The angle the disc of a disc plow makes with the direction of travel is:
The angle the disc of a disc plow makes with the direction of travel is:
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In the equation C = SW Eff, C is capacity expressed in:
In the equation C = SW Eff, C is capacity expressed in:
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Floating power tillers are used in:
Floating power tillers are used in:
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The mechanical function of the planter does not include:
The mechanical function of the planter does not include:
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The horizontal seed plate is used for:
The horizontal seed plate is used for:
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Method of pest control not considered engineering control is:
Method of pest control not considered engineering control is:
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Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:
Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:
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Which of the following belong to the group of variable displacement pumps?
Which of the following belong to the group of variable displacement pumps?
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In the equation for horsepower, Hp = Q x H / 3960 x Eff, Eff is:
In the equation for horsepower, Hp = Q x H / 3960 x Eff, Eff is:
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The direct type of power transmission system has:
The direct type of power transmission system has:
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A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. What is the field efficiency?
A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. What is the field efficiency?
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Select two consecutive farm operations which when done mechanically can increase cropping intensity:
Select two consecutive farm operations which when done mechanically can increase cropping intensity:
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1 pk is equal to ____________ watts.
1 pk is equal to ____________ watts.
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How many days are needed to plow a 10-ha field using a 4-wheel tractor at a speed of 5 kph and field efficiency of 76%?
How many days are needed to plow a 10-ha field using a 4-wheel tractor at a speed of 5 kph and field efficiency of 76%?
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Planter designed to plant seeds in rows and in hills is called:
Planter designed to plant seeds in rows and in hills is called:
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The most recently developed system for harvesting and threshing rice is:
The most recently developed system for harvesting and threshing rice is:
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Which agency does not belong to the Department of Agriculture?
Which agency does not belong to the Department of Agriculture?
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Number series assigned to standards on agricultural production machinery:
Number series assigned to standards on agricultural production machinery:
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The velocity of the knife of a reaper is slower than its forward velocity.
The velocity of the knife of a reaper is slower than its forward velocity.
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The difference between a stripper and a reaper is that:
The difference between a stripper and a reaper is that:
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Heavy-duty type power tiller basically consists of ____ axles:
Heavy-duty type power tiller basically consists of ____ axles:
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Twelve man-days is equivalent to:
Twelve man-days is equivalent to:
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An engine valve arrangement wherein the intake and exhaust valves are located on one side of the cylinder block is called:
An engine valve arrangement wherein the intake and exhaust valves are located on one side of the cylinder block is called:
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Hydraulic control level of a tractor is usually located at the:
Hydraulic control level of a tractor is usually located at the:
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Drawbar types include:
Drawbar types include:
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Acceptable level of wheel slip for two-wheel drive tractors on tilled or soft soil:
Acceptable level of wheel slip for two-wheel drive tractors on tilled or soft soil:
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The power required in driving power harrows, rotary tillers, and other related equipment is:
The power required in driving power harrows, rotary tillers, and other related equipment is:
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Instrument for measuring furnace temperature:
Instrument for measuring furnace temperature:
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The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. Determine the amount of chemical per loading using given calibration test values:
The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. Determine the amount of chemical per loading using given calibration test values:
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Determine the size of the diesel engine to be used for a 4 inches X 4 inches centrifugal pump with discharge 200 gpm and total head 24 ft.
Determine the size of the diesel engine to be used for a 4 inches X 4 inches centrifugal pump with discharge 200 gpm and total head 24 ft.
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The power unit for driving centrifugal pumps for household use is usually:
The power unit for driving centrifugal pumps for household use is usually:
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A machine that cuts standing crop, conveys the cut crop to one side, and lays them down in an orderly manner is called:
A machine that cuts standing crop, conveys the cut crop to one side, and lays them down in an orderly manner is called:
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The Japanese combine is characterized as:
The Japanese combine is characterized as:
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How many volumes of PAES were adopted by the Department of Agriculture?
How many volumes of PAES were adopted by the Department of Agriculture?
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Find the theoretical field capacity: A 4-ha field was plowed using a three-bottom 12-inch tractor-mounted moldboard plow, taking 11 hours at a speed of 5 kph. The theoretical field capacity is ___.
Find the theoretical field capacity: A 4-ha field was plowed using a three-bottom 12-inch tractor-mounted moldboard plow, taking 11 hours at a speed of 5 kph. The theoretical field capacity is ___.
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The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. A checkrow corn planter is used which discharges 2 seeds/hill. Average emergence is 85%. Row spacing = hill spacing. Find the spacing:
The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. A checkrow corn planter is used which discharges 2 seeds/hill. Average emergence is 85%. Row spacing = hill spacing. Find the spacing:
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The acronym PAES means:
The acronym PAES means:
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The development of PAES started in:
The development of PAES started in:
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Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?
Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?
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The word used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted:
The word used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted:
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What section is not yet included in the PAES?
What section is not yet included in the PAES?
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The Consumer Act of the Philippines is covered under:
The Consumer Act of the Philippines is covered under:
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Agency of the government charged with the development of the Philippine National Standards (PNS):
Agency of the government charged with the development of the Philippine National Standards (PNS):
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Two persons are threshing by the 'Hampasan' method. What is the total human power generated by the two persons in one day if they work at an average of 6 hours?
Two persons are threshing by the 'Hampasan' method. What is the total human power generated by the two persons in one day if they work at an average of 6 hours?
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It is the peak of the turned furrow slice:
It is the peak of the turned furrow slice:
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Threshing efficiency basically is determined from weight of grain obtained at the ___ to the grain input fed at the feeding trays:
Threshing efficiency basically is determined from weight of grain obtained at the ___ to the grain input fed at the feeding trays:
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Grain-straw ratio requirement for testing a rice thresher ranges from ___:
Grain-straw ratio requirement for testing a rice thresher ranges from ___:
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Ignition of fuel in a gasoline fuel engine usually starts when the piston is __________.
Ignition of fuel in a gasoline fuel engine usually starts when the piston is __________.
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It is the power developed by the engine of a tractor which is available for pulling, dragging or similar tractive effort:
It is the power developed by the engine of a tractor which is available for pulling, dragging or similar tractive effort:
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One way of increasing engine power is to force more air into the cylinder so that more power can be produced from each power stroke. This process is called:
One way of increasing engine power is to force more air into the cylinder so that more power can be produced from each power stroke. This process is called:
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A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. To determine the field efficiency in going the shorter field direction, what is the field efficiency?
A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. To determine the field efficiency in going the shorter field direction, what is the field efficiency?
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The mechanical manipulation of soil for any purpose is called:
The mechanical manipulation of soil for any purpose is called:
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The pushing or rolling of soil by a steeply inclined blade is called:
The pushing or rolling of soil by a steeply inclined blade is called:
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The draft of a plow is dependent on the:
The draft of a plow is dependent on the:
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The factors that affect the draft of the plow include:
The factors that affect the draft of the plow include:
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What is the force required to pull a single-moldboard plow on a clay-loam soil having a width and depth of cut of 30 cm and 15 cm, respectively? Soil draft is 8 psi.
What is the force required to pull a single-moldboard plow on a clay-loam soil having a width and depth of cut of 30 cm and 15 cm, respectively? Soil draft is 8 psi.
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If the plow above has an average speed of 5 km/hr, what is its drawbar horsepower?
If the plow above has an average speed of 5 km/hr, what is its drawbar horsepower?
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The effective field capacity of the rotary tiller tilling theoretically at 0.4 ha/hr for efficiency of 85% is ___.
The effective field capacity of the rotary tiller tilling theoretically at 0.4 ha/hr for efficiency of 85% is ___.
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The effective field capacity of 2 moldboard plows having 25-cm width each plowing at a speed of 7 km/hr for a field efficiency of 80% is ___.
The effective field capacity of 2 moldboard plows having 25-cm width each plowing at a speed of 7 km/hr for a field efficiency of 80% is ___.
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A mechanically-operated machine that removes weeds or grasses from the crops is called:
A mechanically-operated machine that removes weeds or grasses from the crops is called:
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The ratio between the numbers of weeds removed by the weeder to the number of weeds present per unit area is called:
The ratio between the numbers of weeds removed by the weeder to the number of weeds present per unit area is called:
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When a machine is driven directly from the shaft of a power source, the power is transmitted using:
When a machine is driven directly from the shaft of a power source, the power is transmitted using:
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If a 10 Hp engine drive has a belt capacity rating of 4.5 hp per belt, how many pieces of belts are needed for the drive?
If a 10 Hp engine drive has a belt capacity rating of 4.5 hp per belt, how many pieces of belts are needed for the drive?
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What is the recommended diameter of the thresher's pulley if a 10-hp gasoline engine using V-belt drive has a pulley diameter of 4 inches?
What is the recommended diameter of the thresher's pulley if a 10-hp gasoline engine using V-belt drive has a pulley diameter of 4 inches?
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What is the recommended belt size for the B-type V-belt needed for the drive if its center distance is 60 in?
What is the recommended belt size for the B-type V-belt needed for the drive if its center distance is 60 in?
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The recommended size of the shaft for the thresher above is:
The recommended size of the shaft for the thresher above is:
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A diesel engine that operates at 2500 rpm will be used to drive an irrigation pump, which should turn at 1000 rpm. The pulley diameter for the pump is 4 inches. What is the recommended pulley diameter for the engine?
A diesel engine that operates at 2500 rpm will be used to drive an irrigation pump, which should turn at 1000 rpm. The pulley diameter for the pump is 4 inches. What is the recommended pulley diameter for the engine?
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The ratio between the mass of fuel consumed per unit time and the corresponding power measured is called:
The ratio between the mass of fuel consumed per unit time and the corresponding power measured is called:
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As an Agricultural Engineer in charge of a 500-hectare corn farm with soil type that gives 10 psi draft when plowing at a speed of 4 km/hr, compute the drawbar horsepower required to pull a three-disk plow with 12 inches effective cut per disk at 6 inches plowing depth.
As an Agricultural Engineer in charge of a 500-hectare corn farm with soil type that gives 10 psi draft when plowing at a speed of 4 km/hr, compute the drawbar horsepower required to pull a three-disk plow with 12 inches effective cut per disk at 6 inches plowing depth.
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How many hectares of the corn farm can a tractor plow in one day (16 hours operation) if it is pulling a three-disk plow, assuming a total time loss of 30%?
How many hectares of the corn farm can a tractor plow in one day (16 hours operation) if it is pulling a three-disk plow, assuming a total time loss of 30%?
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How many days would be required to plow the entire 500-hectare farm if ten units of the same kind of tractor and plow will be used?
How many days would be required to plow the entire 500-hectare farm if ten units of the same kind of tractor and plow will be used?
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Referring to the items above, how much fuel does a tractor consume in liters per 16-hours day if the specific fuel consumption is 1 lb/dhp-hr and the specific gravity of the fuel is 0.8?
Referring to the items above, how much fuel does a tractor consume in liters per 16-hours day if the specific fuel consumption is 1 lb/dhp-hr and the specific gravity of the fuel is 0.8?
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Calculate the drawbar hp required to pull a plow with 3 x 14-in bottoms at the rate of 3.25 mph if the specific draft is 8 psi and depth of cut is 7 inches.
Calculate the drawbar hp required to pull a plow with 3 x 14-in bottoms at the rate of 3.25 mph if the specific draft is 8 psi and depth of cut is 7 inches.
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A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. Determine actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction:
A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. Determine actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction:
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As a rule of thumb, a single-phase alternating current electric motor should be used for applications requiring:
As a rule of thumb, a single-phase alternating current electric motor should be used for applications requiring:
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A 1.2-m wide floating tiller is used for rotary tilling/puddling a 24-m X 42-m wetland paddy field. The average speed of travel is 3 kph and turning at the headlands takes 10 seconds. What is the field efficiency if the field is worked along its length?
A 1.2-m wide floating tiller is used for rotary tilling/puddling a 24-m X 42-m wetland paddy field. The average speed of travel is 3 kph and turning at the headlands takes 10 seconds. What is the field efficiency if the field is worked along its length?
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A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. Determine the field efficiency in going the longer field direction:
A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. Determine the field efficiency in going the longer field direction:
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If there are 2.7M animals on the farms, 70 – 74 % of them are used for draft work and 12M ha of agricultural lands, the contribution of animal power in the farm is:
If there are 2.7M animals on the farms, 70 – 74 % of them are used for draft work and 12M ha of agricultural lands, the contribution of animal power in the farm is:
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The projection of cash inflow and outflow of a farm to estimate the incremental net benefit of the life of the project is known as:
The projection of cash inflow and outflow of a farm to estimate the incremental net benefit of the life of the project is known as:
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The gearbox placed on first gear will develop:
The gearbox placed on first gear will develop:
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Tractor A can cover a 1-Ha field in 2 hrs, tractor B in 3 hrs, and tractor C in 6 hrs. How long will it take to cover a 1-Ha field if the three tractors worked together?
Tractor A can cover a 1-Ha field in 2 hrs, tractor B in 3 hrs, and tractor C in 6 hrs. How long will it take to cover a 1-Ha field if the three tractors worked together?
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A transaction by your company this year involving the repayment in cash of a portion of the long term loan of the company in the amount of P 70,000.00 would have the following effect:
A transaction by your company this year involving the repayment in cash of a portion of the long term loan of the company in the amount of P 70,000.00 would have the following effect:
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It results in the reduction of the purchasing power of monetary unit:
It results in the reduction of the purchasing power of monetary unit:
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A six-bottom moldboard plow is to be used to plow a heavy soil. How many scrapers are there in the plow?
A six-bottom moldboard plow is to be used to plow a heavy soil. How many scrapers are there in the plow?
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It is a part of the plow that connects the plow bottom and the frame:
It is a part of the plow that connects the plow bottom and the frame:
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Material recommended by PAES for use as implement frame:
Material recommended by PAES for use as implement frame:
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Material recommended by PAES in the manufacture of disk blade:
Material recommended by PAES in the manufacture of disk blade:
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When a disk harrow consists of a front and rear gangs and is centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
When a disk harrow consists of a front and rear gangs and is centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
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When a disk harrow consists of a front gang only and is centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
When a disk harrow consists of a front gang only and is centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
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When a disk harrow consists of a front and/or rear gangs and is not centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
When a disk harrow consists of a front and/or rear gangs and is not centrally positioned with the tractor, it is classified as:
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The angle between the axis of the set of disks and the line perpendicular to the direction of the implement is called:
The angle between the axis of the set of disks and the line perpendicular to the direction of the implement is called:
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The horizontal seed plate is used for:
The horizontal seed plate is used for:
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The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ¼ open seeding adjustment?
The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ¼ open seeding adjustment?
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Planters designed to plant seeds continuously in rows with row spacing greater than 36 cm are called:
Planters designed to plant seeds continuously in rows with row spacing greater than 36 cm are called:
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The groundwheel of a planter is normally related to the operation of the:
The groundwheel of a planter is normally related to the operation of the:
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Part of a planter that is always present in all planters regardless of type and cropping system:
Part of a planter that is always present in all planters regardless of type and cropping system:
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A spark ignition engine was tested with BHP output of 9.6 horsepower. What is the corrected BHP of the engine?
A spark ignition engine was tested with BHP output of 9.6 horsepower. What is the corrected BHP of the engine?
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Two kilogram of rice is to be prepared for cooking. Estimate the time required to cook it.
Two kilogram of rice is to be prepared for cooking. Estimate the time required to cook it.
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The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ½ adjustment?
The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ½ adjustment?
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Planter designed to plant seeds in rows and in hills is called:
Planter designed to plant seeds in rows and in hills is called:
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The adjustable orifice with agitator is used for:
The adjustable orifice with agitator is used for:
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Parameter not required in the calibration of a planter is:
Parameter not required in the calibration of a planter is:
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The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. A checkrow corn planter is used which discharges 2 seeds/hill. Average emergence is 85%. Row spacing = hill spacing. Find the spacing:
The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of 54,000 plants per hectare. A checkrow corn planter is used which discharges 2 seeds/hill. Average emergence is 85%. Row spacing = hill spacing. Find the spacing:
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The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ¾ adjustment?
The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. What is the seeding rate at ¾ adjustment?
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What is the pump efficiency?
What is the pump efficiency?
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Which of the following does not belong to the group of positive displacement pumps?
Which of the following does not belong to the group of positive displacement pumps?
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The conventional system of harvesting and threshing of rice in the Philippines is:
The conventional system of harvesting and threshing of rice in the Philippines is:
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The amount of power that the manufacturer specified for an engine is?
The amount of power that the manufacturer specified for an engine is?
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A device that provides ignition to a gasoline engine is?
A device that provides ignition to a gasoline engine is?
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Which device connects and disconnects power input to the power output?
Which device connects and disconnects power input to the power output?
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What is the compression pressure for small gasoline engines?
What is the compression pressure for small gasoline engines?
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The Japanese combine is characterized as?
The Japanese combine is characterized as?
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This mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% alcohol is used as a fuel for spark ignition engines?
This mixture of 90% gasoline and 10% alcohol is used as a fuel for spark ignition engines?
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This pump uses the energy of a downward-flowing stream of water to lift a portion of the water to a higher level?
This pump uses the energy of a downward-flowing stream of water to lift a portion of the water to a higher level?
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What is a gasoline fuel additive which helps improve the anti-knocking characteristics of fuels but has recently been discovered to be dangerous to living beings?
What is a gasoline fuel additive which helps improve the anti-knocking characteristics of fuels but has recently been discovered to be dangerous to living beings?
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What is a secondary tillage operation that pulverizes, smoothens, and packs the soil during seedbed preparation and also controls weeds?
What is a secondary tillage operation that pulverizes, smoothens, and packs the soil during seedbed preparation and also controls weeds?
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What is the power take-off rpm of a lawn mower and garden ride-on tractors?
What is the power take-off rpm of a lawn mower and garden ride-on tractors?
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What are power machines that cut sheet metals, angle bars, round bars, or square bars by shear action of two moveable blades?
What are power machines that cut sheet metals, angle bars, round bars, or square bars by shear action of two moveable blades?
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In a 200 ha corn project, the fields have to be tilled in 30 days. What is the width of the heavy offset disk harrow selected if the tractor operates at 3.125 mph?
In a 200 ha corn project, the fields have to be tilled in 30 days. What is the width of the heavy offset disk harrow selected if the tractor operates at 3.125 mph?
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If a 3-ha field was plowed using a 15-cm wide animal-drawn plow at 4 kph with a field efficiency of 75%, what is the distance traveled to plow the field?
If a 3-ha field was plowed using a 15-cm wide animal-drawn plow at 4 kph with a field efficiency of 75%, what is the distance traveled to plow the field?
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The bend downward of the point of the share to make the plow penetrate the soil to the proper depth is called?
The bend downward of the point of the share to make the plow penetrate the soil to the proper depth is called?
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Which of the following operations is not done by a stripper?
Which of the following operations is not done by a stripper?
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Twelve man-days is equivalent to the output of?
Twelve man-days is equivalent to the output of?
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When heat alone is used to melt and flow metal together, the process is known as _____
When heat alone is used to melt and flow metal together, the process is known as _____
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Component parts of a seeder used to calibrate the seed metering device include?
Component parts of a seeder used to calibrate the seed metering device include?
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What is a central part of a plow where the share, moldboard, and landside are attached?
What is a central part of a plow where the share, moldboard, and landside are attached?
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The engine cooling method includes?
The engine cooling method includes?
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What are seeds produced from breeder seeds and distributed to seed producers?
What are seeds produced from breeder seeds and distributed to seed producers?
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What is the useful service life of the machine before it becomes unprofitable due to obsolescence or wear?
What is the useful service life of the machine before it becomes unprofitable due to obsolescence or wear?
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The angle in the soil surface plane perpendicular to the direction of travel between the tool axis and the line which is perpendicular to the direction of travel is called?
The angle in the soil surface plane perpendicular to the direction of travel between the tool axis and the line which is perpendicular to the direction of travel is called?
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Seed produced from foundation seed and distributed to selected producers for mass production is called?
Seed produced from foundation seed and distributed to selected producers for mass production is called?
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What type of seed is produced from registered seed and distributed to farmers for commercial production?
What type of seed is produced from registered seed and distributed to farmers for commercial production?
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Machine operation in which there are two or more machines performing their respective operations simultaneously is called?
Machine operation in which there are two or more machines performing their respective operations simultaneously is called?
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Machine operation in which there are two or more machines performing their respective operations in sequence is called?
Machine operation in which there are two or more machines performing their respective operations in sequence is called?
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Machine operation where one or more similar machines are operated as one unit is referred to as?
Machine operation where one or more similar machines are operated as one unit is referred to as?
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A type of gas producer which can gasify wet fuel is?
A type of gas producer which can gasify wet fuel is?
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The gasification rate of rice hull ranged from?
The gasification rate of rice hull ranged from?
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Rice hull gasifier efficiency normally ranged from?
Rice hull gasifier efficiency normally ranged from?
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The caloric value of fuel is?
The caloric value of fuel is?
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A type of rice husk furnace that burns the fuel while being spread in a circular pattern inside the combustion chamber is called?
A type of rice husk furnace that burns the fuel while being spread in a circular pattern inside the combustion chamber is called?
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The thermal efficiency of a furnace is the ratio of?
The thermal efficiency of a furnace is the ratio of?
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The burning temperature of most agricultural waste is typically?
The burning temperature of most agricultural waste is typically?
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A high-cetane fueled engine uses?
A high-cetane fueled engine uses?
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High viscosity engine oil is desirable to use because?
High viscosity engine oil is desirable to use because?
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Engine oil having a high flash and fire point indicates?
Engine oil having a high flash and fire point indicates?
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In order to increase the resistance of engine oil against corrosion, the recommended additive to use is?
In order to increase the resistance of engine oil against corrosion, the recommended additive to use is?
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An additive purposely used to provide a protective film on bearing surfaces is called?
An additive purposely used to provide a protective film on bearing surfaces is called?
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Additives used to keep carbon particles in suspension in oil are called?
Additives used to keep carbon particles in suspension in oil are called?
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The burning of a portion of fuel in the combustion chamber of an engine at a rate faster than desired is known as?
The burning of a portion of fuel in the combustion chamber of an engine at a rate faster than desired is known as?
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A device used to measure the quantity of oil in a crankcase is called?
A device used to measure the quantity of oil in a crankcase is called?
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A device that provides a rich mixture of fuel during high load and a lean mixture during under load is called?
A device that provides a rich mixture of fuel during high load and a lean mixture during under load is called?
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The lubrication system of an engine is basically used to?
The lubrication system of an engine is basically used to?
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When a diesel engine knocks, the trouble is?
When a diesel engine knocks, the trouble is?
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When a gasoline engine knocks, the problem is?
When a gasoline engine knocks, the problem is?
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If the engine timing is advanced, what happens?
If the engine timing is advanced, what happens?
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The act of checking, testing, measuring, repairing, and adjusting the engine to bring it to peak efficiency is known as?
The act of checking, testing, measuring, repairing, and adjusting the engine to bring it to peak efficiency is known as?
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The coefficient of traction for wheel-type tractors is highest for?
The coefficient of traction for wheel-type tractors is highest for?
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The rapid explosion of the mixture of fuel and air within the cylinder when ignited by the spark plug is known as?
The rapid explosion of the mixture of fuel and air within the cylinder when ignited by the spark plug is known as?
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The relatively slow burning of fuel injected into highly compressed heated air is called?
The relatively slow burning of fuel injected into highly compressed heated air is called?
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The gross heating value of diesel is?
The gross heating value of diesel is?
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Which of the following is true in the operation of a gasifier for an internal combustion engine?
Which of the following is true in the operation of a gasifier for an internal combustion engine?
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An injection system used in small stationary diesel engines consists essentially of?
An injection system used in small stationary diesel engines consists essentially of?
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An engine running at a speed of 2000 rpm is classified as?
An engine running at a speed of 2000 rpm is classified as?
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A primary tillage operation that manipulates the soil to a greater depth than 300 mm is called?
A primary tillage operation that manipulates the soil to a greater depth than 300 mm is called?
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A secondary tillage implement that stirs the soil using multiple disks arranged on a gang is called?
A secondary tillage implement that stirs the soil using multiple disks arranged on a gang is called?
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A trailing harrow that is hitched too high to the drawbar will likely?
A trailing harrow that is hitched too high to the drawbar will likely?
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A kind of chemical used for spraying that forms finely divided solid particles when mixed with water is called?
A kind of chemical used for spraying that forms finely divided solid particles when mixed with water is called?
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Growing more than one crop on the same land in one year is called?
Growing more than one crop on the same land in one year is called?
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Growing two or more crops simultaneously and intermingled with no row arrangement is called?
Growing two or more crops simultaneously and intermingled with no row arrangement is called?
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Growing two or more crops in alternate rows is referred to as?
Growing two or more crops in alternate rows is referred to as?
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The act of planting a short-term annual crop with long-term annual or biennial crops is referred to as?
The act of planting a short-term annual crop with long-term annual or biennial crops is referred to as?
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The cultivation of one crop underneath a perennial crop is known as?
The cultivation of one crop underneath a perennial crop is known as?
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Application of chemical to a small restricted area, usually to control the spread of pest is called?
Application of chemical to a small restricted area, usually to control the spread of pest is called?
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Dispersion of liquid or dry particles in air to expose target pest to chemical is called?
Dispersion of liquid or dry particles in air to expose target pest to chemical is called?
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Application of chemical to the steam, fruit, leaves, needles, or blades of the plant is referred to as?
Application of chemical to the steam, fruit, leaves, needles, or blades of the plant is referred to as?
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Application of chemical to a specific area such as row, bed, or base of the plant is called?
Application of chemical to a specific area such as row, bed, or base of the plant is called?
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Application of chemical over the entire area to be treated is called?
Application of chemical over the entire area to be treated is called?
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Calculate the drawbar horsepower required to pull a plow with 3X14-in bottoms at the rate of 3.25 mph if the specific draft is 8 psi and depth of cut is 7 inches.
Calculate the drawbar horsepower required to pull a plow with 3X14-in bottoms at the rate of 3.25 mph if the specific draft is 8 psi and depth of cut is 7 inches.
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A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. What is the actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction?
A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3 kph. What is the actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction?
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A sprayer containing 100 liters of mixture operates at a nozzle discharge of 0.2 liters per minute per nozzle. If the sprayer boom consists of 6 nozzles, at what time does the sprayer mixture need to be changed?
A sprayer containing 100 liters of mixture operates at a nozzle discharge of 0.2 liters per minute per nozzle. If the sprayer boom consists of 6 nozzles, at what time does the sprayer mixture need to be changed?
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A tractor with a 9-in pulley is belted to a prony brake having a 24-in pulley. If the tractor engine pulley speed is 950 rpm, the brake arm is 54 in, and the net load is 60 lb, what is the horsepower developed?
A tractor with a 9-in pulley is belted to a prony brake having a 24-in pulley. If the tractor engine pulley speed is 950 rpm, the brake arm is 54 in, and the net load is 60 lb, what is the horsepower developed?
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Compute the number of plants required for a 2-hectare corn farm with the following seed spacing: Plant spacing, 0.25 m and row spacing, 0.45 m.
Compute the number of plants required for a 2-hectare corn farm with the following seed spacing: Plant spacing, 0.25 m and row spacing, 0.45 m.
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A drawbar dynamometer shows that the average pull required for a certain machine is 12.5 kilonewtons. If the tractor travels 25 m in 3.5 min, what is the power developed?
A drawbar dynamometer shows that the average pull required for a certain machine is 12.5 kilonewtons. If the tractor travels 25 m in 3.5 min, what is the power developed?
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In a four-stroke cycle engine, what event occurs when the piston is moving upward and the two valves are closed?
In a four-stroke cycle engine, what event occurs when the piston is moving upward and the two valves are closed?
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During which event does fresh fuel enter the cylinder as the piston moves downward and the intake valve opens?
During which event does fresh fuel enter the cylinder as the piston moves downward and the intake valve opens?
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What type of engine is referred to in the previous question?
What type of engine is referred to in the previous question?
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A 1000 kg carabao traveling at v kph is pulling a moldboard plow with a width of cut w cm at a depth of d inches. If the unit draft of soil is s nt/cm², what is the total horizontal pull (in nt) exerted by the carabao?
A 1000 kg carabao traveling at v kph is pulling a moldboard plow with a width of cut w cm at a depth of d inches. If the unit draft of soil is s nt/cm², what is the total horizontal pull (in nt) exerted by the carabao?
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A 30-disk double-offset-disk harrow is traveling at a speed of 10 kph. If the disk diameter is 40 cm spaced at 30 cm, what is the cutting width of the harrow? What is its theoretical field capacity?
A 30-disk double-offset-disk harrow is traveling at a speed of 10 kph. If the disk diameter is 40 cm spaced at 30 cm, what is the cutting width of the harrow? What is its theoretical field capacity?
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Study Notes
Mechanization, Power, Machinery & Equipment
- A force pump comprises key components: inlet valve, piston, plunger, and discharge valve.
- A supercharger enhances engine output by forcing more fuel mix into cylinders, improving power with the same displacement.
- Management process involves: formulating goals, coordinating resources, selecting employees, orienting staff, and evaluating performance.
Gasoline Engine Characteristics
- Gasoline engines can have varying costs: low-first cost with high operating costs and vice versa.
- Thermal efficiency of an engine may reach 40%, while mechanical efficiency can reach 72%.
Power and Forces
- Power delivered by a belt can be calculated from tangential force and pulley dimensions at specified speeds.
- Commodity surplus occurs when selling prices are high; equilibrium is reached when sellers agree to consumers' prices.
Pump and Engine Size Calculations
- For a centrifugal pump with a specific discharge rate and efficiency, calculations are essential to determine the appropriate engine horsepower.
Farm Management & Equipment Utilization
- A large area farm can mechanize operations like plowing, harrowing, planting, and harvesting, determining the number of tractors and picker-shellers needed for efficiency.
- Hybrid corn can require certain population densities and row spacings for optimal yield.
Tillage and Soil Preparation
- General-purpose tillage typically cuts soil to depths of 6 to 18 inches.
- The efficiency of tillage machinery is contingent upon various factors: overlapping passes, turnaround times, and speed.
Crop Machinery and Harvesting
- Different planters and seeders, like the IRRI drum seeder, are designed for specific planting methodologies.
- Modern harvesting systems encompass diverse methodologies, including mechanical harvesting, combining, and stripping.
Irrigation and Chemical Application
- Water requirements for rice vary, emphasizing the importance of efficient irrigation management.
- Calibration of sprayers is crucial for effective chemical application in agriculture.
Operational Efficiency
- Maximizing machinery capacity often involves evaluating the size, number, and efficiency of machines employed.
- Manual and mechanical operations have distinctly different yields and efficiencies.
Power Sources and Depreciation Factors
- Primary sources of mechanization power are human, animal, and various forms of mechanical power.
- Depreciation factors are important for financial management in machinery procurement, and may vary based on initial costs and lifespan.
Standardization in Agricultural Engineering
- The Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards (PAES) encompasses essential guidelines, impacting agricultural practices.
- Understanding operational procedures and equipment effectiveness is fundamental for agricultural success, notably in large-scale farming.
Miscellaneous Engineering Principles
- The cutting mechanisms used in reapers and combines predominantly utilize a dual-action scissor-type for efficiency.
- Adjustments in planter configurations can directly impact seeding rates and consequently influence crop yields.### PAES Exclusions
- Production/postharvest machinery is not included in the Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards (PAES).
- Other areas like irrigation, drainage, agricultural structures, or engineering materials are part of PAES.
Philippine Consumer Act
- The Consumer Act of the Philippines is covered under RA 7394.
National Standards Development
- The Bureau of Product Standards (BPS) under the DTI develops the Philippine National Standards (PNS).
Threshing Efficiency
- Threshing efficiency is determined from the weight of grain obtained compared to the grain input fed at the feeding trays.
- Grain-straw ratio for testing a rice thresher ranges from 0.50 to 0.65.
Engine Power and Fuel
- Power developed by a tractor's engine available for tractive effort is termed 'drawbar horsepower.'
- Increasing engine power can involve turbocharging or supercharging for air compression.
- Ignition in a gasoline engine typically starts when the piston is approaching the top dead center.
Field Operations and Efficiency
- Actual field capacity can be calculated based on parameters such as overlap and turnaround time, specific for a 1-m upland tiller.
- A tractor can plow certain hectares in a day based on efficiency and operational guidance.
Soil and Draft Factors
- The draft of a plow is influenced by factors like the size of the plow, plowing depth, and soil type.
- Soil condition, hitch type, and topography also affect the draft required for plowing.
Machinery Capacities
- Effective field capacity is calculated based on theoretical performance multiplied by efficiency.
- A variety of seeders, including row-crop drill planters and hill-drop planters, are used for different planting methodologies.
Calibration and Equipment Specifications
- Calibration of seed drills involves adjusting the seeding rate based on the opening settings.
- Parameters for determining field capacity include width of the planter, forward speed, and efficiency.
Mechanical Power Measurements
- Calculations for mechanical work and power output of engines are crucial for performance assessments.
- Specific formulas are applied to determine the equivalent horsepower or wattage.
Pesticide Application and Spraying Mechanisms
- Sprayers are used primarily for the application of pesticides including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
- Understanding the types of spray nozzle patterns aids in selecting appropriate spraying equipment.
Animal Power Contribution
- The contribution of animal power in farming is calculated based on the number of animals used for draft work and the area of land cultivated.
Miscellaneous Calculations
- Understanding basic conversions and operational efficiencies can assist in farm management decisions, including budgeting and operational planning.
Relevant Formulas
- Calculate drawbar horsepower, seeding rates, and theoretical power using foundational principles in agricultural engineering.
Time Utilization
- Daily operation times and efficiency estimates contribute to production planning and machinery scheduling.### Agricultural Machinery and Power Systems
- A self-propelled machine designed to pull and propel agricultural implements is known as a walking-type tractor, pedestrian tractor, or hand tractor.
- The warranty period for a hand tractor can vary, generally being 4 months, 6 months, or 12 months based on the manufacturer.
- A metal sheet with a gauge number of 14 typically does not correspond to a thickness of 14 mm; it is an industry standard measurement.
- Performance criteria for agricultural machines includes reliability, environmental safety, and operating cost.
Soil and Plowing Concepts
- An ideal seedbed structure promotes higher water infiltration, greater water holding capacity, and root penetration, while increased runoff is undesirable.
- Soil that is cut and thrown aside during plowing is referred to as a furrowslice.
- The disc angle affects plowing width by tilting the share appropriately.
Pump and Power Transmission
- In the horsepower equation, capacity (C) is expressed in m²/h, whereas for pump efficiency, the efficiency of the prime mover is crucial in calculations.
- Field efficiency calculations for tillers and combines depend on speed, field size, overlap, and turnaround time.
- The maximum load of electric motors is referred to as duty rating, crucial in selecting and operating machinery.
Engine Properties and Performance
- Compression-ignition engines introduce fuel at the start of compression.
- Electric motors have specified energy conversion efficiencies, typically ranging from 36% to 90% depending on the type.
- The spark plug provides ignition in gasoline engines, while fuel injectors serve in others.
- Clutches are devices that connect and disconnect power between the engine and output effectively.
Agricultural Processes and Efficiency
- Displacement pumps are crucial for water management in agriculture, with mechanical efficiency impacting their applications.
- Field operations such as planting, spraying, and weeding can increase cropping intensity when mechanized.
- Understanding the operating days and man-days to complete field tasks is essential for efficient resource management.
Seed Production and Standards
- Certified seeds are produced from breeder seeds and undergo strict quality control.
- Foundation seeds constitute the base for seed production, later scaled to registered and certified variants.
- Agriculture standards for machinery production are classified using unique number series, typically ranging from 01 - 99.
Operational Knowledge for Machinery
- Operating time efficiency indicates how effectively a machine is used, informing productivity assessments.
- Understanding harrowing, chiseling, and other tillage methods vital for soil preparation and weed control.
- Selecting appropriate horsepower and implement width based on field size and efficiency requirements is essential for optimal performance.
Advanced Tilage and Irrigation Technologies
- Three-phase electric motors are characterized by high power and efficiency, vital for large-scale agricultural operations.
- Calculating water pump power needs for irrigation involves tank discharge, total head, and efficiency metrics, ensuring correct engine sizing.
- Modern harvesting techniques include mechanical harvesting, with advancements tracked for efficiency and yield optimization.
General Safety and Regulatory Compliance
- Chemical application rates must align with safety standards and calibration tests for accurate leveling in pest control methods.
- Machine safety features and maintenance protocols help in adhering to agricultural safety standards, protecting users and machinery alike.
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Description
This quiz compiles essential review materials focused on mechanization, power, and machinery. Updated for the board exam preparation, it covers key concepts and identification skills related to these subjects. Perfect for students of engineering and technology.
