Anderson 1.2

Which theory of anesthesia initially believed that anesthetics, being lipid soluble, dissolved in the lipid bilayer and produced changes in the membrane structure sufficient to induce anesthesia?

What is the likely primary site of action of general anesthetics according to the electrophysiologic effects?

Which ion channel is likely involved in the electrophysiological effects of anesthetics and is not highly sensitive to anesthetics as a whole?

Which ion channel is involved in synaptic effects and is inhibited by volatile anesthetics?

Which type of effect on GABAA receptor channels is seen at supraclinical concentrations of anesthetic?

Which ligand-gated ion channel activation enhances higher-order brain function such as learning, memory, and attention?

Which of the following ion channels is NOT primarily involved in the electrophysiological effects of general anesthetics?

What is the primary site of action of dexmedetomidine?

Which area plays an important role in the emergence from anesthesia?

What is the role of Orexin in stabilizing the sleep-wake switch?

Which neurotransmitter directly stimulates the cerebral cortex through Ach release from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM)?

Which anesthetic is associated with an incidence of awareness with recall during general anesthesia?

What does BIS (Bispectral Index) assess in monitoring awareness under anesthesia?

At what MAC percentage does unconscious memory (implicit) get ablated by general anesthesia with Isoflurane?

What range of BIS indicates a patient under general anesthesia?

Which component is thought to be primarily mediated at the spinal cord level?

What is the primary source of NE to the cerebral cortex?

According to the text, which nucleus is involved in creating a sleep-wake cycle?

Which component is considered to be the primary site of action of dexmedetomidine?

According to the text, what is the target for anesthetic action now thought to be?

Which theory initially believed that anesthetics dissolved in the lipid bilayer and produced changes in membrane structure sufficient to induce anesthesia?

Which component of general anesthesia generally impairs short-term memory while leaving long-term memory intact?

According to the text, which component is believed to be mediated primarily at the synapse?

Which components constitute general anesthesia?