Anesthesia Types and Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is a contraindication to regional anesthesia?

  • Hypotension
  • Muscle spasms
  • Severe anxiety (correct)
  • Chronic diseases

What is the purpose of anticholinergic drugs in anesthesia?

  • To prevent vagal effects associated with general anesthesia and surgery (correct)
  • To cause muscle relaxation
  • To induce sedation
  • To paralyze muscles of respiration

What is a side effect of neuromuscular blocking agents?

  • Vagal stimulation
  • Paralysis of muscles of respiration (correct)
  • Sedation
  • Muscle relaxation

What is a consideration in anesthesia induction?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for patients receiving neuromuscular blocking agents?

<p>Artificial ventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are clients who receive neuromuscular blocking agents able to see and hear during the procedure?

<p>Because the drugs do not cause sedation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of anesthetic drugs?

<p>To prevent pain and promote relaxation during surgery, childbirth, and some diagnostic tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic types of anesthesia?

<p>General and regional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anesthetic is Benzocaine used for?

<p>Topical anesthesia of skin and mucous membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for Neostigmine?

<p>There is no antidote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents?

<p>As an adjunct to general anesthesia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a short-acting neuromuscular blocking agent?

<p>Succinylcholine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of lidocaine?

<p>Topical anesthesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preanesthetic medications?

<p>To reduce anxiety and pain before surgery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of general anesthesia is responsible for pain relief?

<p>Analgesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is general anesthesia typically maintained?

<p>With inhaled anesthetic agents and oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an intravenous inducer in general anesthesia?

<p>To induce rapid loss of consciousness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do anesthetic barbiturates or propofol may be used alone for brief procedures?

<p>Because they have a rapid onset of action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of spinal anesthesia?

<p>It causes less CNS and respiratory depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of hyperkalemia?

<p>Cardiac dysrhythmias or even cardiac arrest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is halothane commonly used in certain pediatric patients?

<p>It causes bronchodilation and does not irritate respiratory mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of halothane?

<p>Increased intracranial pressure or mass lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding epinephrine to local anesthetic solutions?

<p>To prolong anesthetic effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution when using local anesthetic solutions?

<p>They must not be injected into blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age for the approved use of propofol?

<p>3 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of preanesthetic medications?

<p>To reduce anxiety and discomfort before surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of anesthesia involves injection of a local anesthetic into the epidural space outside the spinal sac?

<p>Epidural anesthesia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of anticholinergic drugs in anesthesia?

<p>To reduce secretions and anxiety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of neuromuscular blocking agents?

<p>To relax muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of artificial ventilation in anesthesia?

<p>To assist breathing during surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle in using preanesthetic medications?

<p>Considering several factors in choosing a particular drug (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be necessary for a client with severe anxiety who is undergoing a procedure requiring regional anesthesia?

<p>A larger dose of preanesthetic sedative-type medication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason anticholinergic drugs are used in anesthesia?

<p>To prevent vagal effects associated with general anesthesia and surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of using neuromuscular blocking agents in anesthesia?

<p>Artificial ventilation is necessary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that may influence the type of anesthesia used?

<p>The client's age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of neuromuscular blocking agents?

<p>They cause muscle relaxation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution that must be taken when using neuromuscular blocking agents?

<p>Artificial ventilation must be available (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using Fentanyl in anesthesia?

<p>To prevent pain and promote relaxation during surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of anesthesia is Isoflurane used for?

<p>General inhalation anesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of Pancuronium?

<p>To relax the skeletal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for using Bupivacaine?

<p>Regional anesthesia during childbirth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Succinylcholine and Atracurium?

<p>Duration of action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Nitrous oxide in anesthesia?

<p>It has a minimal effect on cardiovascular and respiratory systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of injury to muscle cells during surgery?

<p>Cardiac dysrhythmias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is regional anesthesia often preferred over general anesthesia?

<p>It causes less CNS and respiratory depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of halothane that makes it useful for certain pediatric patients?

<p>It causes bronchodilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration when using local anesthetic solutions?

<p>They should not be injected into blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of epinephrine on local anesthetic solutions?

<p>It prolongs anesthetic effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern when using spinal anesthesia in clients with increased intracranial pressure or mass lesions?

<p>It may increase intracranial pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age for which propofol is approved for use?

<p>3 years old (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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