Anesthesia Types and Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is a contraindication to regional anesthesia?

  • Hypotension
  • Muscle spasms
  • Severe anxiety (correct)
  • Chronic diseases

    • What is the purpose of anticholinergic drugs in anesthesia?

  • To prevent vagal effects associated with general anesthesia and surgery (correct)
  • To cause muscle relaxation
  • To induce sedation
  • To paralyze muscles of respiration

    • What is a side effect of neuromuscular blocking agents?

  • Vagal stimulation
  • Paralysis of muscles of respiration (correct)
  • Sedation
  • Muscle relaxation

    • What is a consideration in anesthesia induction?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for patients receiving neuromuscular blocking agents?

    <p>Artificial ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are clients who receive neuromuscular blocking agents able to see and hear during the procedure?

    <p>Because the drugs do not cause sedation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of anesthetic drugs?

    <p>To prevent pain and promote relaxation during surgery, childbirth, and some diagnostic tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two basic types of anesthesia?

    <p>General and regional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anesthetic is Benzocaine used for?

    <p>Topical anesthesia of skin and mucous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for Neostigmine?

    <p>There is no antidote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents?

    <p>As an adjunct to general anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a short-acting neuromuscular blocking agent?

    <p>Succinylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of lidocaine?

    <p>Topical anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of preanesthetic medications?

    <p>To reduce anxiety and pain before surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of general anesthesia is responsible for pain relief?

    <p>Analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is general anesthesia typically maintained?

    <p>With inhaled anesthetic agents and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an intravenous inducer in general anesthesia?

    <p>To induce rapid loss of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do anesthetic barbiturates or propofol may be used alone for brief procedures?

    <p>Because they have a rapid onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of spinal anesthesia?

    <p>It causes less CNS and respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Cardiac dysrhythmias or even cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is halothane commonly used in certain pediatric patients?

    <p>It causes bronchodilation and does not irritate respiratory mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of halothane?

    <p>Increased intracranial pressure or mass lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding epinephrine to local anesthetic solutions?

    <p>To prolong anesthetic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a precaution when using local anesthetic solutions?

    <p>They must not be injected into blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age for the approved use of propofol?

    <p>3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of preanesthetic medications?

    <p>To reduce anxiety and discomfort before surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anesthesia involves injection of a local anesthetic into the epidural space outside the spinal sac?

    <p>Epidural anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of anticholinergic drugs in anesthesia?

    <p>To reduce secretions and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of neuromuscular blocking agents?

    <p>To relax muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of artificial ventilation in anesthesia?

    <p>To assist breathing during surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle in using preanesthetic medications?

    <p>Considering several factors in choosing a particular drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be necessary for a client with severe anxiety who is undergoing a procedure requiring regional anesthesia?

    <p>A larger dose of preanesthetic sedative-type medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason anticholinergic drugs are used in anesthesia?

    <p>To prevent vagal effects associated with general anesthesia and surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of using neuromuscular blocking agents in anesthesia?

    <p>Artificial ventilation is necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that may influence the type of anesthesia used?

    <p>The client's age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of neuromuscular blocking agents?

    <p>They cause muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a precaution that must be taken when using neuromuscular blocking agents?

    <p>Artificial ventilation must be available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using Fentanyl in anesthesia?

    <p>To prevent pain and promote relaxation during surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anesthesia is Isoflurane used for?

    <p>General inhalation anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Pancuronium?

    <p>To relax the skeletal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for using Bupivacaine?

    <p>Regional anesthesia during childbirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Succinylcholine and Atracurium?

    <p>Duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using Nitrous oxide in anesthesia?

    <p>It has a minimal effect on cardiovascular and respiratory systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of injury to muscle cells during surgery?

    <p>Cardiac dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is regional anesthesia often preferred over general anesthesia?

    <p>It causes less CNS and respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of halothane that makes it useful for certain pediatric patients?

    <p>It causes bronchodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consideration when using local anesthetic solutions?

    <p>They should not be injected into blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of epinephrine on local anesthetic solutions?

    <p>It prolongs anesthetic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern when using spinal anesthesia in clients with increased intracranial pressure or mass lesions?

    <p>It may increase intracranial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age for which propofol is approved for use?

    <p>3 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

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