18 Questions
Which enzymes do β-lactam antibiotics inhibit to prevent the formation of crosslinks in bacteria?
Transpeptidases
What is the mechanism of action shared by cephalosporins and penicillins in targeting bacteria?
Targeting transpeptidases
Which drug class includes vancomycin and teicoplanin as antibiotics?
Glycopeptides
What is the main target of sulfonamides in bacteria during folic acid synthesis?
Dihydropteroate synthase
Which mechanism do monobactams act through to combat microorganisms?
Inhibition of transpeptidase
What role do penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) play in bacterial cell wall synthesis?
Crosslinking peptide chains in peptidoglycan
Which type of bacteria are carbapenems particularly effective against?
Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Which antibiotic specifically targets the transpeptidase involved in peptidoglycan synthesis?
Aztreonam
Which class of antibiotics acts on the 50S ribosomal subunit in bacteria?
Macrolides
Which enzyme is blocked by Quinolones to inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis?
DNA gyrase
What is the target of Lincomycins like clindamycin in bacteria?
50S ribosomal subunit
Which antibiotic class is known for blocking bacterial RNA polymerase to inhibit mRNA synthesis?
Rifampin
How do polymyxins like colistin disrupt bacterial cell membranes?
By interacting with positively charged phospholipids
Which enzyme do sulfonamides competitively inhibit in the folate synthesis pathway?
Dihydrofolate reductase
How does trimethoprim contribute to the inhibition of folate synthesis?
By inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase
What is the ultimate result of disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane by colistin?
Cell death by destroying the selective barrier function
Which group of antibiotics interfere with specific metabolic pathways essential for microorganisms?
Metabolic inhibitors
Why is resistance to antimicrobial drugs a concerning issue?
It impacts the treatment of bacterial infections
Explore the mechanisms of action of antibiotics, focusing on how sulfonamides target bacteria by competing with folic acid synthesis. Learn about the specific targets that allow antibiotics to harm microorganisms while sparing the host.
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