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Questions and Answers
Which ventilation system is most suitable for a laboratory where high ventilation rates are required and the air needs to be heated before entering the room?
Which ventilation system is most suitable for a laboratory where high ventilation rates are required and the air needs to be heated before entering the room?
Which ventilation system is considered a balanced system, always including both supply and return air fans?
Which ventilation system is considered a balanced system, always including both supply and return air fans?
Which ventilation system relies on wind for efficient operation?
Which ventilation system relies on wind for efficient operation?
Which ventilation system is commonly used in buildings where high ventilation rates are not required?
Which ventilation system is commonly used in buildings where high ventilation rates are not required?
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Which ventilation system is the least efficient, requiring 4% of the floor area for openings?
Which ventilation system is the least efficient, requiring 4% of the floor area for openings?
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What is the primary purpose of mechanical ventilation in basement car parks?
What is the primary purpose of mechanical ventilation in basement car parks?
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Which type of grill is responsible for supplying fresh air in a ventilation system?
Which type of grill is responsible for supplying fresh air in a ventilation system?
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How many air changes per hour should be extracted for smoke clearance in a car park?
How many air changes per hour should be extracted for smoke clearance in a car park?
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What is the function of a fan return room in a ventilation system?
What is the function of a fan return room in a ventilation system?
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When assessing ventilation performance, which aspect is crucial to evaluate?
When assessing ventilation performance, which aspect is crucial to evaluate?
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Study Notes
Ventilation in Basement Car Parks
- Cars in enclosed parking garages release toxic and non-toxic gases, including unburned fuel, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide, making ventilation crucial.
- Ventilation is also necessary to clear smoke in the event of a fire, requiring 10 air changes per hour for smoke clearance.
Grills-Diffusers and Registers
- Grills that supply fresh air are known as diffusers.
- Grills that extract stale/used air are known as registers.
Basement Zoning and Ducting Layout
- Basement zoning involves dividing the area into 25m x 25m zones.
- The ducting layout follows a herringbone pattern.
- Supply ducts increase in size every 6m, with a minimum size of 450x300mm.
- Return ducts remain the same size throughout, at 600x300mm.
Fan Supply and Return Rooms
- Fan supply rooms are located on site or in the basement.
- Fan return rooms are also located on site or in the basement.
- The fan return room is connected to the return duct, which is the same size throughout.
Ducts and Fittings
- Ducts are accommodated within beams and other services.
- Ducts are designed to accommodate turns and junctions.
- Diffusers and registers are located on ducts.
Assessing Ventilation Performance
- Ventilation performance can be evaluated from four aspects:
- Sufficient ventilation rate
- Overall airflow direction from clean to dirty zones
- Efficiency in delivering outdoor air to each location
- Efficiency in removing airborne pollutants from each location
Types of Ventilation
- Natural Ventilation:
- Single-sided ventilation: supply and extraction through the same openings
- Cross ventilation: supply and extraction at the same level in the building
- Stack ventilation: air supply through louvers and extracted through chimneys
- Mechanical Ventilation:
- Mechanical supply ventilation: a fan supplies air to spaces
- Mechanical extract ventilation: a fan draws air from spaces
- Mechanical extract & supply ventilation: a balanced ventilation system
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Description
This quiz covers the importance of ventilation in basement carparks to remove toxic gases and particles emitted by vehicles. It also highlights the role of ventilation in clearing smoke in the event of a fire.
