Questions and Answers
Which property refers to a material's ability to regain its original shape after deformation?
What term describes the internal resistance offered by a material to externally applied force?
Which property refers to a material's ability to be drawn into wire?
Which material property is characterized by a material breaking with little permanent distortion?
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What is the property of a material that allows it to withstand deformation under stress?
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Which material listed has the highest malleability among common engineering materials?
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What happens to the toughness of a material when it is heated?
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Which property measures the energy absorbed per unit volume within the elastic limit?
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What is creep in materials science?
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Which property would be a major consideration when designing parts subjected to repeated stresses?
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Study Notes
Mechanical Properties of Metals
- Strength: Ability to withstand external forces without breaking. Resistance to applied forces is known as stress.
- Stiffness: Capacity to resist deformation under stress, measured by the modulus of elasticity.
- Elasticity: Property allowing materials to regain original shape post-deformation. Steel exhibits higher elasticity compared to rubber.
- Plasticity: Retention of deformation after load removal, important for processes like forging and stamping.
- Ductility: Ability of materials to be drawn into wires under tensile stress. Measured by percentage elongation and reduction in area. Common ductile metals include mild steel, copper, and aluminum.
- Brittleness: Opposite of ductility; materials snap with little deformation. Example: cast iron.
- Malleability: Special form of ductility allowing materials to be shaped into thin sheets. Common malleable metals include lead, soft steel, and copper.
- Toughness: Resistance to fracturing under high impact loads. Toughness decreases with heating and is measured by energy absorption before fracture.
- Machinability: Ease of cutting a material, assessed through tool life and energy required for cutting. Brass is easier to machine than steel.
- Resilience: Ability to absorb energy and resist shocks, essential for spring materials. Measured by energy per unit volume within the elastic limit.
- Creep: Slow and permanent deformation occurring under constant stress at high temperatures over time. Important for components like engines and turbines.
- Fatigue: Failure of a material under repeated stresses, often below yield point. Characterized by progressive crack formation, significant in designs for shafts and springs.
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Description
Explore the various mechanical properties of metals, including strength, elasticity, ductility, and toughness. This quiz delves into the definitions and characteristics that determine how metals perform under mechanical stress. Test your knowledge on key terms and concepts related to metal properties.
