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Questions and Answers

EASY What type of screwdriver is used to drive Robertson screws?

  • Allen wrench
  • Standard slot screwdriver
  • Robertson screwdriver (correct)
  • Phillips screwdriver

    • What is the purpose of set screws?

  • To assemble shafts to parts (correct)
  • To drive bolts
  • To fasten machinery
  • To connect two pipes

    • What is the purpose of a stud?

  • To connect pipes
  • To fasten machinery
  • To remain in place while the nut is removed (correct)
  • To drive bolts

    • What is the most common type of threaded fastener?

    <p>Bolt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sizes of bolts are recommended for general engineering use?

    <p>17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a cap screw?

    <p>To fasten machinery with a finer tolerance and finish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the washer face in a hex cap screw?

    <p>To provide a larger surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ISO system of identification markings?

    <p>To identify and select appropriate fasteners by strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the formulae for ISO thread length?

    <p>To determine the length of the thread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ISO recommendations for clearance holes for metric bolts?

    <p>To provide a safe and secure connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of mechanical fasteners?

    <p>To fasten two or more parts of an object together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fastener is used to permanently secure two pieces together?

    <p>Fixed fasteners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of aligning fasteners?

    <p>To ensure two pieces fit together in an exact relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of head is most commonly found on stove bolts?

    <p>Slotted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the neck of a carriage bolt?

    <p>It is square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bolt is commonly used in automotive parts and plant machinery?

    <p>Machine bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of machine screws?

    <p>They have threads running along their full length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nut is usually supplied with stove bolts?

    <p>Square nut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ISO designation system for property classes of fasteners consist of?

    <p>Two digits separated by a decimal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum tensile strength of a bolt stamped '12.9' in MPa?

    <p>1200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a flat washer?

    <p>To allow the bolt or nut to be used in an oversized clearance hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nut is used to hold wheel bearings and wheels in place?

    <p>Castle nut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum yield strength of a bolt stamped '12.9' in MPa?

    <p>1080</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a lock washer?

    <p>To prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the designation of the property class of a nut?

    <p>A number from 4 to 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a jam nut?

    <p>To keep another nut from loosening by vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MEDIUM What does the first digit in an ISO property class designation represent?

    <p>The minimum tensile strength of the fastener divided by 100 in MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a lock washer?

    <p>To prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a castle nut?

    <p>To hold wheel bearings and wheels in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum yield strength of a bolt stamped '10.9' in MPa?

    <p>810</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the designation of the property class of a nut?

    <p>4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a flat washer?

    <p>To allow the bolt or nut to be used in an oversized clearance hole, prevent marring of the work surface, and distribute the compressive loading of the nut more evenly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum tensile strength of a bolt stamped '14.9' in MPa?

    <p>14900</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of clearance holes for ISO metric bolts?

    <p>To provide the correct amount of clearance between the bolt and the hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of threaded fastener is used in electrical equipment, household goods, and toys?

    <p>Stove Bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of aligning fasteners?

    <p>To join two pieces together in an exact relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of head is available on machine bolts?

    <p>Hexagonal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the threads of machine screws?

    <p>They have threads running along their full length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fastener is used to fasten castings, forgings, and wooden parts to metal parts?

    <p>Carriage Bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of threaded fasteners?

    <p>To fasten two or more parts of an object together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fastener is used where a snug fit is required in a drilled or tapped hole?

    <p>Machine Bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the neck of a carriage bolt?

    <p>It has a square neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a set screw?

    <p>To hold parts in a fixed relative position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of material is commonly used to make cap screws?

    <p>Low-carbon steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a stud removal tool?

    <p>To install and remove studs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of bolts with a nominal diameter of 8 mm or larger?

    <p>They are available in coarse and fine thread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ISO thread length formulae?

    <p>To determine the thread length of a bolt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Robertson screwdriver?

    <p>To drive Robertson screws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a hex cap screw?

    <p>It has a washer face under the head and a chamfered point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ISO system of identification markings?

    <p>To identify the strength of a fastener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a headless set screw?

    <p>It has a slot for turning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a bolt?

    <p>To fasten two parts together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HARD What is the main difference between stove bolts and machine screws?

    <p>Their intended applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fastener is best suited for use in tapped holes or through holes with nuts on the end?

    <p>Stove bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of aligning fasteners like dowel or tapered pins?

    <p>To ensure two parts fit together exactly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of carriage bolts?

    <p>They have a square neck immediately below the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of threaded fasteners like bolts, screws, and studs?

    <p>To fasten two or more parts of an object together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fastener is commonly used in castings, forgings, and wooden parts attached to metal parts?

    <p>Carriage bolts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the threads of machine screws?

    <p>They run along the full length of the screw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of head is most commonly found on machine bolts?

    <p>Hexagonal head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the washer face on a hex cap screw?

    <p>To distribute the load of the screw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of case hardening set screws?

    <p>To increase their strength and durability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using headless set screws?

    <p>They are safer to use on rotating shafts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ISO system of identification markings for fasteners?

    <p>To provide a standardized system for identifying fasteners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the formulae for ISO thread length?

    <p>To determine the ideal thread length for specific applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ISO recommendations for clearance holes for metric bolts?

    <p>To provide a standardized system for clearance holes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the stud removal tool?

    <p>To remove studs from equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of cap screws made of low-carbon steel?

    <p>They are very durable and long-lasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the hexagonal head on bolts?

    <p>To facilitate tightening with a wrench</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of bolts with a nominal diameter of 8 mm or larger?

    <p>They are available in both coarse and fine thread pitches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ISO system of identification markings on fasteners?

    <p>To identify the mechanical properties of the fastener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a coarse thread instead of a fine thread on a metric bolt?

    <p>To provide a more secure fastening in soft materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum tensile strength of a bolt stamped '8.8' in MPa?

    <p>880 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a lock washer instead of a flat washer?

    <p>To prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the designation of the property class of a nut that has a minimum tensile strength of 1200 MPa?

    <p>12.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a castle nut instead of a machine bolt nut?

    <p>To hold wheel bearings and wheels in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum yield strength of a bolt stamped '10.9' in MPa?

    <p>960 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a jam nut instead of a machine bolt nut?

    <p>To lock another nut from loosening by vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mechanical Fasteners

    • Devices used to fasten two or more parts of an object together
    • Classified into three categories: threaded, fixed, and aligning

    Threaded Fasteners

    • Used to assemble and disassemble joints
    • Examples: bolts, screws, and studs
    • Types of threaded fasteners:
      • Stove bolts
      • Carriage bolts
      • Machine bolts
      • Machine screws
      • Cap screws
      • Set screws
      • Studs

    Stove Bolts

    • Used in electrical equipment, household goods, and toys
    • Available with flat, round, oval, and truss heads
    • May have slotted, Phillips, or Robertson heads

    Carriage Bolts

    • Used to fasten castings, forgings, and wooden parts to metal parts
    • Typically have truss type heads or square heads
    • Have a square neck to prevent turning in wood or square holes

    Machine Bolts

    • Used where a snug fit is required in a drilled or tapped hole
    • Typically have hexagonal heads
    • Used in automotive parts and various plant machinery

    Machine Screws

    • Available in various head styles (e.g. fillister, flat, pan, truss)
    • Hand driven by four basic tools: standard slot screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver, Robertson screwdriver, and Allen wrench

    Cap Screws

    • Used where a screw is required to have a finer tolerance and finish than machine screws
    • Feature a washer face under the head and a chamfered point
    • Made of low-carbon steel and commonly used in machinery construction

    Set Screws

    • Used for assembling shafts to parts or holding parts in a fixed relative position
    • Available with various head and point styles (e.g. headless, cone, dog, hanger)
    • Case hardened to withstand severe use

    Studs

    • Used extensively in equipment assembly
    • Remains in place while the nut is removed
    • Made from cylindrical stock threaded at both ends
    • Installed and removed with a special stud removal tool

    Bolts

    • Most common type of threaded fastener
    • May have square or hexagonal heads
    • Torqued by open end, box, combination, or adjustable wrenches

    Bolt Sizes

    • Recommended sizes for general engineering use: 17 sizes available
    • Sizes 8 mm in diameter and larger available in coarse and fine thread
    • Preferred sizes have a better diameter/thread combination

    Thread Length

    • Recommended lengths by the International Standardization Organization (ISO)
    • Formulae for thread length: 2 x Diameter, plus 6 mm

    Mechanical Properties

    • Identified by ISO marking symbols (e.g. 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, etc.)
    • Mechanical properties: tensile strength, yield strength, and identification
    • Designation system: two digits separated by a decimal (e.g. 8.8, 10.9, 12.9)

    Nuts

    • Threaded metal pieces used to tighten and clamp parts together
    • Types of nuts:
      • Rough and semi-finished nuts
      • Finished nuts
      • Machine bolt nuts
      • Jam nuts (lock or check nuts)
      • Castle nuts
    • Property classes of nuts: 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14

    Washers

    • Metal rings or discs used between a nut or bolt head and the work surface
    • Types of washers:
      • Flat washers
      • Lock washers
    • Used to prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head

    Mechanical Fasteners

    • Devices used to fasten two or more parts of an object together
    • Classified into three categories: threaded, fixed, and aligning

    Threaded Fasteners

    • Used to assemble and disassemble joints
    • Examples: bolts, screws, and studs
    • Types of threaded fasteners:
      • Stove bolts
      • Carriage bolts
      • Machine bolts
      • Machine screws
      • Cap screws
      • Set screws
      • Studs

    Stove Bolts

    • Used in electrical equipment, household goods, and toys
    • Available with flat, round, oval, and truss heads
    • May have slotted, Phillips, or Robertson heads

    Carriage Bolts

    • Used to fasten castings, forgings, and wooden parts to metal parts
    • Typically have truss type heads or square heads
    • Have a square neck to prevent turning in wood or square holes

    Machine Bolts

    • Used where a snug fit is required in a drilled or tapped hole
    • Typically have hexagonal heads
    • Used in automotive parts and various plant machinery

    Machine Screws

    • Available in various head styles (e.g. fillister, flat, pan, truss)
    • Hand driven by four basic tools: standard slot screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver, Robertson screwdriver, and Allen wrench

    Cap Screws

    • Used where a screw is required to have a finer tolerance and finish than machine screws
    • Feature a washer face under the head and a chamfered point
    • Made of low-carbon steel and commonly used in machinery construction

    Set Screws

    • Used for assembling shafts to parts or holding parts in a fixed relative position
    • Available with various head and point styles (e.g. headless, cone, dog, hanger)
    • Case hardened to withstand severe use

    Studs

    • Used extensively in equipment assembly
    • Remains in place while the nut is removed
    • Made from cylindrical stock threaded at both ends
    • Installed and removed with a special stud removal tool

    Bolts

    • Most common type of threaded fastener
    • May have square or hexagonal heads
    • Torqued by open end, box, combination, or adjustable wrenches

    Bolt Sizes

    • Recommended sizes for general engineering use: 17 sizes available
    • Sizes 8 mm in diameter and larger available in coarse and fine thread
    • Preferred sizes have a better diameter/thread combination

    Thread Length

    • Recommended lengths by the International Standardization Organization (ISO)
    • Formulae for thread length: 2 x Diameter, plus 6 mm

    Mechanical Properties

    • Identified by ISO marking symbols (e.g. 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, etc.)
    • Mechanical properties: tensile strength, yield strength, and identification
    • Designation system: two digits separated by a decimal (e.g. 8.8, 10.9, 12.9)

    Nuts

    • Threaded metal pieces used to tighten and clamp parts together
    • Types of nuts:
      • Rough and semi-finished nuts
      • Finished nuts
      • Machine bolt nuts
      • Jam nuts (lock or check nuts)
      • Castle nuts
    • Property classes of nuts: 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14

    Washers

    • Metal rings or discs used between a nut or bolt head and the work surface
    • Types of washers:
      • Flat washers
      • Lock washers
    • Used to prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head

    Mechanical Fasteners

    • Devices used to fasten two or more parts of an object together
    • Classified into three categories: threaded, fixed, and aligning

    Threaded Fasteners

    • Used to assemble and disassemble joints
    • Examples: bolts, screws, and studs
    • Types of threaded fasteners:
      • Stove bolts
      • Carriage bolts
      • Machine bolts
      • Machine screws
      • Cap screws
      • Set screws
      • Studs

    Stove Bolts

    • Used in electrical equipment, household goods, and toys
    • Available with flat, round, oval, and truss heads
    • May have slotted, Phillips, or Robertson heads

    Carriage Bolts

    • Used to fasten castings, forgings, and wooden parts to metal parts
    • Typically have truss type heads or square heads
    • Have a square neck to prevent turning in wood or square holes

    Machine Bolts

    • Used where a snug fit is required in a drilled or tapped hole
    • Typically have hexagonal heads
    • Used in automotive parts and various plant machinery

    Machine Screws

    • Available in various head styles (e.g. fillister, flat, pan, truss)
    • Hand driven by four basic tools: standard slot screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver, Robertson screwdriver, and Allen wrench

    Cap Screws

    • Used where a screw is required to have a finer tolerance and finish than machine screws
    • Feature a washer face under the head and a chamfered point
    • Made of low-carbon steel and commonly used in machinery construction

    Set Screws

    • Used for assembling shafts to parts or holding parts in a fixed relative position
    • Available with various head and point styles (e.g. headless, cone, dog, hanger)
    • Case hardened to withstand severe use

    Studs

    • Used extensively in equipment assembly
    • Remains in place while the nut is removed
    • Made from cylindrical stock threaded at both ends
    • Installed and removed with a special stud removal tool

    Bolts

    • Most common type of threaded fastener
    • May have square or hexagonal heads
    • Torqued by open end, box, combination, or adjustable wrenches

    Bolt Sizes

    • Recommended sizes for general engineering use: 17 sizes available
    • Sizes 8 mm in diameter and larger available in coarse and fine thread
    • Preferred sizes have a better diameter/thread combination

    Thread Length

    • Recommended lengths by the International Standardization Organization (ISO)
    • Formulae for thread length: 2 x Diameter, plus 6 mm

    Mechanical Properties

    • Identified by ISO marking symbols (e.g. 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, etc.)
    • Mechanical properties: tensile strength, yield strength, and identification
    • Designation system: two digits separated by a decimal (e.g. 8.8, 10.9, 12.9)

    Nuts

    • Threaded metal pieces used to tighten and clamp parts together
    • Types of nuts:
      • Rough and semi-finished nuts
      • Finished nuts
      • Machine bolt nuts
      • Jam nuts (lock or check nuts)
      • Castle nuts
    • Property classes of nuts: 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14

    Washers

    • Metal rings or discs used between a nut or bolt head and the work surface
    • Types of washers:
      • Flat washers
      • Lock washers
    • Used to prevent unwanted turning of a nut or bolt head

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    Description

    Learn about the different types of mechanical fasteners, including threaded, fixed, and aligning fasteners, and their uses in assembling and disassembling equipment.

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