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Questions and Answers
What is the mechanical advantage (MA) if you lift a weight of 1000 N with a force of 500 N?
What is the mechanical advantage (MA) if you lift a weight of 1000 N with a force of 500 N?
Which of the following describes how adding more pulleys affects the effort force needed?
Which of the following describes how adding more pulleys affects the effort force needed?
To calculate the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle, which of the following should be divided?
To calculate the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle, which of the following should be divided?
If a door knob has a mechanical advantage of 3 and you apply a force of 10 N, how much force does it exert?
If a door knob has a mechanical advantage of 3 and you apply a force of 10 N, how much force does it exert?
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What is the mechanical advantage of a truck wheel with a radius of 60 cm and an axle radius of 10 cm?
What is the mechanical advantage of a truck wheel with a radius of 60 cm and an axle radius of 10 cm?
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When calculating the MA of a lever, if the resistance arm is 4.5 m and the effort arm is 2.5 m, what is the MA?
When calculating the MA of a lever, if the resistance arm is 4.5 m and the effort arm is 2.5 m, what is the MA?
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If a pencil sharpener has a mechanical advantage of 13 and you apply a force of 5 N, what is the output force?
If a pencil sharpener has a mechanical advantage of 13 and you apply a force of 5 N, what is the output force?
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What happens to the effort needed when the distance of the effort arm is increased?
What happens to the effort needed when the distance of the effort arm is increased?
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What is the formula for mechanical advantage (MA) when using an inclined plane?
What is the formula for mechanical advantage (MA) when using an inclined plane?
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In the scenario of lifting a weight with a pulley system, what does the mechanical advantage (MA) of 2 signify?
In the scenario of lifting a weight with a pulley system, what does the mechanical advantage (MA) of 2 signify?
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How does using a ramp affect the effort required to lift an object?
How does using a ramp affect the effort required to lift an object?
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How many segments of rope should be counted to determine the mechanical advantage in a pulley system?
How many segments of rope should be counted to determine the mechanical advantage in a pulley system?
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If you need to lift a weight of 100kg using a pulley, what force must you exert if the mechanical advantage is 2?
If you need to lift a weight of 100kg using a pulley, what force must you exert if the mechanical advantage is 2?
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What is the relationship between effort distance and resistance force in calculating mechanical advantage?
What is the relationship between effort distance and resistance force in calculating mechanical advantage?
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Study Notes
Mechanical Advantage
- Mechanical advantage (MA) is the relationship between effort and resistance.
- It's calculated by dividing effort distance by resistance distance, or resistance force by effort force.
Effort and Resistance
- Effort is the force you apply, while resistance is the force you're working against (e.g., lifting an object).
Inclined Planes (Ramps)
- Using a ramp increases effort distance, reducing the required force.
- MA of a ramp is calculated by dividing the effort distance (length of the ramp) by the resistance distance (height of the ramp)
- MA = effort distance / resistance distance
Example: Ramp
- A 2-meter-high truck bed is accessed by an 8-meter ramp.
- MA = 8 meters/2 meters = 4
Pulleys
- A fixed pulley changes the direction of your force; the input and output forces are equal.
- MA is determined by counting the sections of rope supporting the load.
- MA for one pulley =1 (as one rope supports the weight or force).
Calculating Pulley MA
- If you have 2 sections of rope supporting a 1000N load, you need to be able to pull with 500N
- MA = resistance force / effort force = 1000N / 500N = 2
Levers
- Levers use a fulcrum to multiply force.
- MA for a lever is calculated by dividing the effort arm distance by the resistance arm distance.
Example: Lever
- A 4-meter board is used to pry up a boulder. The fulcrum is 0.5 meters from the resistance.
- MA = effort arm distance / resistance arm distance = 3.5m/0.5m =7
Example: Seesaw
- A seesaw with friends (275N) at 2.5m (from the fulcrum) needs an effort of 275N /3= 92N to balance with someone (at 4.5m from the fulcrum).
- MA = effort arm distance / resistance arm distance = 4.5m/2.5m = 1.8
Wheel and Axle
- MA of a wheel and axle is determined by dividing the wheel radius by the axle radius.
- MA = wheel radius / axle radius
Example: Screwdriver
- If a screwdriver has a 10cm handle and a 2cm tip, the MA is 10cm/2cm =5.
Example: Door Knob
- If you exert 10N and the door knob exerts 30N, the MA is 30N/10N = 3
Example: Truck Wheel
- A truck wheel with 60cm radius and 10cm axle radius has a MA of 60cm / 10cm = 6
Example: Pencil Sharpener
- A 5N force on a pencil sharpener with a MA of 13 results in an output force of 5N x 13 = 65N.
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Description
This quiz covers the concept of mechanical advantage, including its calculation and application in inclined planes and pulleys. Understand how effort and resistance relate to force in different mechanical systems. Test your knowledge and grasp of these fundamental principles of physics.
