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Questions and Answers
What best describes pushing?
Pushing and pulling can be considered the same force.
False
What is the term used for the strength of a force?
Magnitude
Match the following types of forces with their descriptions:
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In a tug of war, the total effective force is calculated by taking the difference between the two ______.
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A force can change the shape of a solid material.
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What happens when two forces are applied in the same direction?
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Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
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What determines the direction in which an object will move when multiple forces act on it?
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Balanced forces result in a change in the motion of an object.
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A book resting on a table experiences a downward gravitational force and a(n) ______ force from the table.
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Match the following situations with their correct descriptions:
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What kind of forces are present when multiple forces acting in opposing directions have equal magnitudes?
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Which force causes a car to speed up?
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A single force can change an object's shape, speed, and direction.
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The total effective force in a tug of war is calculated by taking the difference between the two _____.
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What happens to a spring when two opposing forces push on each end of it?
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Match the following types of forces with their effects:
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When two forces of equal magnitude act in opposite directions, what is the resultant force?
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A book resting on a table experiences unbalanced forces.
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The resultant force when a 7 N force acts to the left and a 3 N force acts to the right is _____ N.
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What does it mean for force to be a vector quantity?
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Match the following scenarios to their resultant forces:
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If the resultant force is zero, it means that the object will not move.
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What happens when two forces are combined in the same direction?
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How would you define balanced forces?
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Study Notes
What is Force?
- Force is a push or pull that results from an object's interaction with another object.
- Pulling is a force that moves something closer to you.
- Pushing is the opposite of pulling and moves something away from you.
Forces Are Due to Interaction
- To apply force to an object, it must interact with the source of the force.
- Example: To kick a ball, you must touch it.
Exploring Forces
- The magnitude of a force is the measure of its strength.
- Forces applied in the same direction add up to a greater total force.
- Forces applied in opposite directions result in a total effective force equal to the difference between the two forces.
What Can Force Do?
- Force can make an object move.
- Force can stop a moving object.
- Force can change the direction of a moving object.
- Force can change the shape of a material.
Types of Forces
-
Contact Forces: require direct contact between objects for a force to be experienced.
- Dribbling a basketball
- Kicking a soccer ball
- Hitting a shuttlecock
-
Non-Contact Forces: do not require physical contact between objects for a force to be experienced.
- Gravitational force: Earth pulling objects towards itself
- Magnetic force: A magnet attracting or repelling magnetic objects.
- Electrostatic force: The force between electrically charged particles.
Types of Contact Forces
- Muscular force: The force generated by muscles.
Resultant Force
- A single force that represents the combined effect of all forces acting on an object.
- Determines the object's direction of movement and the magnitude of the net force experienced.
Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
- Balanced forces act in opposite directions with equal magnitude, cancelling each other out.
- There is no resultant force when forces are balanced.
- Unbalanced forces have a net effect, resulting in a non-zero resultant force.
- A book resting on a table demonstrates balanced forces, with gravity pulling down and the table pushing up with equal force.
Calculating Resultant Force
- Force is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction.
- Positive and negative values indicate directions of force.
- Two forces acting in opposite directions with equal magnitude result in a zero resultant force (e.g., 5 N to the right and 5 N to the left).
- Two forces acting in the same direction add up to a resultant force (e.g., 3 N + 7 N = 10 N).
- Two forces acting in opposite directions result in a resultant force in the direction of the larger force (e.g., -7 N + 3 N = -4 N).
Zero and Non-Zero Resultant Forces
- Objects with zero resultant force are at rest or moving at a constant velocity.
- Objects with non-zero resultant force are accelerating.
Effects of Forces
- A push or pull on an object due to its interaction with another object.
- Forces can change an object's:
- Speed
- Direction
- Shape
- Size
Types of Forces and Their Effects
- Thrust can cause a car to speed up.
- Friction can slow a car down.
- Gravity can cause a comet to change direction.
- Compression forces can change the shape of a spring.
- The effects of forces depend on the type of force and the object.
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