Questions and Answers
What is the reason for measuring intake and output (I&O)?
A healthcare provider order is needed to measure intake and output.
False
How many mL are in 1 cup?
240 mL
What is strict I&O?
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Measurable intake items include water, milk, juice, and _____ that become liquid at room temperature.
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What are the items considered measurable output?
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What should you do if the patient is too ill to get out of bed to a scale?
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What are daily weights primarily used to catch?
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What is the most important equipment needed when measuring a patient's output?
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Study Notes
Measuring Intake and Output (I&O)
- Daily weights are crucial for assessing fluid status in patients.
- A 1 kg weight change correlates to a 1 liter change in fluid retention or loss.
- Excessive fluid gain compared to loss increases the risk of fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
Healthcare Provider Orders
- No healthcare provider order is required to measure intake and output.
Measuring Intake
- Conversion: 1 cup equals 8 oz or 240 mL.
- Ice chips should be recorded as half the original amount consumed.
- Foods that melt at room temperature are considered measureable intake, such as ice cream, sherbet, popsicles, gelatin, and pudding.
- Pureed foods and fruits do not count as measurable intake.
Output Measurement
- Voiding: Collect urine in a measuring container; observe every 8 hours.
- Catheter: Measure total urine output at shift's end and document.
- Urimeter: Used in ICU for hourly urine output measurement.
- Incontinence: Estimate output as small, moderate, or large; record based on the number of pads changed.
- Weigh diapers for infants/pediatric patients; each gram equals 1 mL of output.
- Include vomit and liquid feces in measurements; assess contents from colostomy bags.
- Account for tube and wound drainage using vacuum or gravity systems.
Patient Weight Measurement
- If a patient cannot get out of bed, zero the bed scale before the patient gets on and document the previous weight on the scale.
Daily Weights
- Regular daily weights are the primary means of detecting fluid inconsistencies.
Essential Equipment for Output Measurement
- Gloves and body protection gear are necessary when measuring patient output for safety and hygiene.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts related to measuring intake and output (I&O) in medical practice. It emphasizes the importance of daily weights as indicators of fluid status and clarifies common misconceptions. Test your understanding of I&O measurements and their implications for patient care.
