Measurement Error in Analytical Instruments

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What is the primary purpose of calibration?

To ensure the repeatability of the measurement instrument

To ensure the accuracy of the measurement instrument (correct)

To ensure the reliability of the measurement instrument

To ensure the precision of the measurement instrument

What is the primary purpose of standardization?

To ensure the precision of the measurement instrument

To ensure the reliability of the measurement instrument

To ensure the repeatability of the measurement instrument

To ensure the accuracy of the measurement instrument (correct)

What is a common source of sampling error that can lead to significant errors?

Contamination of samples during or after their collection (correct)

Improper storage of samples

Incorrect labeling of samples

Biased or nonrepresentative sampling

What is the main purpose of validation in analytical procedures?

To ensure the accuracy of the procedure Signup and view all the answers

Which measure of central tendency is the middle value when data are ordered from smallest to largest?

Median Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using the median over the mean as a measure of central tendency?

The median is less affected by outliers Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of precision in measurements?

A measure of the spread of data about a central value Signup and view all the answers

Which type of error is a determinate error whose value depends on the amount of sample analyzed?

Proportional determinate error Signup and view all the answers

What is reproducibility defined as in terms of precision?

Precision obtained under any other set of conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of error causes some measurements or results to be too high while others are too low?

Intermediate error Signup and view all the answers

What does repeatability refer to in the context of precision?

Precision obtained when all measurements are made by the same analyst, using the same solutions and equipment Signup and view all the answers

How can the effect of indeterminate error be minimized?

By knowing the sources and relative magnitudes of the error Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of measurement error?

Limitations in the equipment and instruments used Signup and view all the answers

How do manufacturers typically report measurement error for their equipment?

As a range within which the true value lies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a personal error?

Consistently overestimating or underestimating instrument readings Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge in identifying determinate errors?

Lack of knowledge about the true value of the analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as an example of personal error in the text?

Using an analytical instrument with a known error range Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing a tolerance or error range for analytical equipment?

To indicate the maximum possible error in the measurement Signup and view all the answers

Measurement Error in Analytical Instruments

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