Means of Transmission of Pathogens
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is an example of a fomite that nurses may use?

  • Gloves
  • Stethoscope (correct)
  • Sphygmomanometer
  • Thermometer

    • What is the primary method of transmission for pathogens greater than 5um in size?

  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Droplet transmission (correct)
  • Contact transmission
  • Airborne transmission

    • What is the term for the point of exit of a pathogen from the host?

  • Vector of transmission
  • Portal of exit (correct)
  • Reservoir of infection
  • Portal of entry

    • What is a factor that can increase a person's susceptibility to infection?

    <p>Multiple wounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking the chain of infection?

    <p>Breaking the chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the natural barriers that protect the body against microbial invasion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a vector that can transmit a pathogen to humans?

    <p>Mosquito</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the person or animal that harbors a pathogen?

    <p>Reservoir of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason the person in the scenario was hospitalized?

    <p>COVID-19 and dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributes to the thriving of an organism?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health teaching would the nurse share with the visitor having an upper respiratory infection?

    <p>Use a mask and practice hand hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the period during which the patient is experiencing symptoms?

    <p>Full stage of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can a person continuously cycle through the same infectious process?

    <p>Yes, with HSV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was an IV placed in the person's left arm?

    <p>For dehydration treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way nurses can prevent infection?

    <p>By following proper hand hygiene and using personal protective equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the last stage of the infection process?

    <p>Convalescent period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is associated with medical devices?

    <p>Healthcare associated infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a multidrug resistant organism?

    <p>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of surgical asepsis?

    <p>To eliminate the number of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of colonization for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)?

    <p>Nares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices is NOT part of 'clean technique'?

    <p>Creating and maintaining a pathogen-free environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Five Moments for hand hygiene, when should hand hygiene be performed?

    <p>Before a clean or aseptic procedure and after touching a patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection is associated with surgical procedures?

    <p>Surgical Site Infection (SSI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Clostridium Difficile (C.Diff) transmission?

    <p>Feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method of hand hygiene for 20 seconds?

    <p>Hand washing with soap and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is hand sanitizer not appropriate?

    <p>When hands are visibly soiled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI)?

    <p>Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pathway that involves critical thinking to determine the presence of an infection?

    <p>Critical Thinking pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pouring contaminated liquids directly into the drain or hopper?

    <p>To prevent splashing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the presence of a medical device that contributes to the development of an infection?

    <p>Device-associated infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a part of surgical asepsis?

    <p>Creating and maintaining a pathogen-free environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between medical and surgical asepsis?

    <p>Medical asepsis reduces the number of pathogens, while surgical asepsis eliminates them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Standard Precautions?

    <p>To apply to all hospitalized patients regardless of their diagnosis or infection status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Transmission-Based Precaution requires a private room with negative air pressure?

    <p>Airborne Precaution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for wearing gloves when caring for a patient on Contact Precautions?

    <p>To prevent contact with bodily fluids and contaminated surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a surgical mask be worn?

    <p>When caring for a patient on Droplet Precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette?

    <p>To prevent airborne transmission of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a gown be worn?

    <p>When caring for a patient on Contact Precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to change gloves after contacting infective material?

    <p>To prevent contact with bodily fluids and contaminated surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with equipment used in the care of a patient on Contact Precautions?

    <p>Clean and disinfect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Modes of Transmission

    • Contact Transmission: direct contact (touching, kissing, sexual intercourse) and indirect contact (vector, fomite)
    • Droplet Transmission: organisms > 5um attach to dust particles, droplets heavy enough to land on surfaces
    • Airborne Transmission: organisms < 5um attach to dust particles, remain in the air

    Infection Cycle

    • Portals of Exit for Humans: respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, skin breakdown, blood & tissues
    • Susceptible Host: multiple wounds, poor skin integrity, pH levels, white blood cell count, age, sex, heredity, immunity, fatigue, nutritional status, general health, pre-existing illness, certain medications, stress level, invasive or indwelling medical devices

    Case Study: Jimin

    • 27-year-old nursing student, biological male, Asian descent, unvaccinated for COVID-19, sustained a laceration on his left leg, hospitalized for COVID-19 and dehydration, IV fluid in left arm

    What makes an Organism Thrive?

    • Quantity of Organism
    • Virulence
    • Patient's Immune System
    • Length of Contact
    • Type of Contact

    Practice Question

    • Friend visiting a long-term care client with an upper respiratory infection: wear a mask and practice hand hygiene to prevent the spread of infection

    Stages of Infection

    • Incubation Period
    • Prodromal Stage
    • Full Stage of Illness
    • Convalescent Period
    • Can a person continuously cycle through the same infectious process?

    Prevention of Infection

    • Asepsis: methods to prevent infection (medical, surgical)
    • Hand Hygiene: washing with soap and water for 20 seconds, or using hand sanitizer with vigorous friction until hands are dry
    • Five Moments for Hand Hygiene: before touching a patient, before a clean/aseptic procedure, after body fluid exposure risk, after touching a patient, after touching patient surroundings

    Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)

    • Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI)
    • Surgical Site Infections (SSI)
    • Central-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
    • Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

    Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs)

    • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
    • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
    • Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
    • Clostridium Difficile (C.Diff)

    Critical Thinking Pathway

    • Signs/symptoms of infections
    • Medical device present: determine potential infection

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Gloves
    • Gown
    • Masks
    • Protective Eye Wear

    Transmission-Based Precautions

    • Used in addition to standard precautions for patients with suspected infection via airborne, droplet, or contact routes
    • Proper donning and doffing of PPE

    Droplet Precautions

    • Infection spreads by large particle droplets
    • Private room
    • Door can stay open
    • Surgical mask and gloves

    Contact Precautions

    • Infected or colonized by a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)
    • Private room
    • Gown and gloves
    • Change gloves after contacting infective material
    • Clean all equipment; do not share

    Airborne Precautions

    • Infections that spread through the air
    • Private room
    • Negative air pressure
    • Door closed, patient remains in room
    • Respirator mask
    • Surgical mask on patient for transport

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Asepsis & Infection Control-2-1.pptx

    Description

    This quiz covers the different modes of transmission of pathogens, including contact transmission, direct and indirect contact, and the role of vectors and fomites.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser