Questions and Answers
What is the term derived from two Greek words that refers to the study of the mind and behavior?
Psychology
Which ancient Greek philosopher believed that the soul is immortal?
What significant advancement in psychology did Wilhelm Wundt contribute to in 1879?
What does the term 'Structuralism' focus on?
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John Watson believed that behavior was explained by the nature of __________.
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Psychology is defined as the study of the brain only.
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Which of the following is NOT a subfield of psychology?
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Match the following psychologists with their contributions:
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What are the three main types of mental phenomena?
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Psychology is the study of the mind and __________.
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What are the two Greek words that the term psychology is derived from?
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What was psychology considered in the 1st stage?
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What was the main method used to study consciousness in the 2nd stage?
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Who is known as the father of modern psychology?
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Which of the following is a school of thought in psychology?
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Plato believed that the soul is mortal.
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Who developed the theory of behaviorism?
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What are the three categories of mental phenomena?
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According to Paul Ekman, how many types of emotions are identified?
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What is the definition of psychology provided by the American Psychological Dictionary?
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Match the subfields of psychology to their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychology
- Psychology derives from the Greek words "psyche" (soul/spirit) and "logos" (study).
- The Greek letter Psi (Ψ) symbolizes psychology studies.
Historical Background of Psychology
- 1st Stage (5th Century BC): Focused on the soul, explaining life's phenomena through its presence.
- 2nd Stage (17th Century): Shifted to studying consciousness, characterized by introspection.
- 3rd Stage (19th Century): Emphasized behavior, including experiments and observable actions.
- 4th Stage (Present Time): Studies the objective nature of mental phenomena, including laws and mechanisms of the psyche.
The Soul and Its Philosophical Perspectives
- Idealism: Plato viewed the soul as immortal, growing with bodily conditions.
- Materialism: Heraclitus and Democritus understood the soul as formed and influenced by the body.
Foundational Figures in Modern Psychology
-
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920): Established the first psychology lab in Leipzig in 1879, marking modern psychology's inception.
- Conducted research on introspection to discern differences between sensation and perception.
- Structuralism: Developed by Edward B. Titchener, focusing on the structures of the mind through analysis of sensations and feelings.
- Functionalism: Associated with William James, aiming to understand the functions of the mind in adapting to environments.
The Behaviorism Movement
- John B. Watson (1878-1958): Advocated that behavior is primarily a response to external stimuli, dismissing internal mental processes.
- Defined behavior through the stimulus-reaction framework.
Current Focus in Psychological Science
- Psychology now studies mental phenomena in human life, specifically the psyche.
Structure of Mental Phenomena
- Mental Processes: Cognitive (sensation, perception, attention, memory, thinking, speech, imagination) and emotional processes.
- Mental States: Include emotional states such as anxiety, stress, and frustration, alongside moods and motivations.
- Mental Properties: Character traits such as temperament and ability tied to skills and achievements.
Types of Emotions
- Proposed by Paul Ekman: joy, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, and contempt.
Definition of Psychology
- Psychology is defined as the systematic and scientific study of the mind and behavior, encompassing mental processes, experiences, and learning from interactions.
Subfields of Psychology
- Includes various specialties such as:
- Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Human Factors and Engineering Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Sport Psychology
- Abnormal Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Climate and Environmental Psychology
- Industrial-Organizational Psychology
- Educational Psychology
Introduction to Psychology
- Psychology derives from the Greek words "psyche" (soul/spirit) and "logos" (study).
- The Greek letter Psi (Ψ) symbolizes psychology studies.
Historical Background of Psychology
- 1st Stage (5th Century BC): Focused on the soul, explaining life's phenomena through its presence.
- 2nd Stage (17th Century): Shifted to studying consciousness, characterized by introspection.
- 3rd Stage (19th Century): Emphasized behavior, including experiments and observable actions.
- 4th Stage (Present Time): Studies the objective nature of mental phenomena, including laws and mechanisms of the psyche.
The Soul and Its Philosophical Perspectives
- Idealism: Plato viewed the soul as immortal, growing with bodily conditions.
- Materialism: Heraclitus and Democritus understood the soul as formed and influenced by the body.
Foundational Figures in Modern Psychology
-
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920): Established the first psychology lab in Leipzig in 1879, marking modern psychology's inception.
- Conducted research on introspection to discern differences between sensation and perception.
- Structuralism: Developed by Edward B. Titchener, focusing on the structures of the mind through analysis of sensations and feelings.
- Functionalism: Associated with William James, aiming to understand the functions of the mind in adapting to environments.
The Behaviorism Movement
- John B. Watson (1878-1958): Advocated that behavior is primarily a response to external stimuli, dismissing internal mental processes.
- Defined behavior through the stimulus-reaction framework.
Current Focus in Psychological Science
- Psychology now studies mental phenomena in human life, specifically the psyche.
Structure of Mental Phenomena
- Mental Processes: Cognitive (sensation, perception, attention, memory, thinking, speech, imagination) and emotional processes.
- Mental States: Include emotional states such as anxiety, stress, and frustration, alongside moods and motivations.
- Mental Properties: Character traits such as temperament and ability tied to skills and achievements.
Types of Emotions
- Proposed by Paul Ekman: joy, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, and contempt.
Definition of Psychology
- Psychology is defined as the systematic and scientific study of the mind and behavior, encompassing mental processes, experiences, and learning from interactions.
Subfields of Psychology
- Includes various specialties such as:
- Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Human Factors and Engineering Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Sport Psychology
- Abnormal Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Climate and Environmental Psychology
- Industrial-Organizational Psychology
- Educational Psychology
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Description
This quiz covers the introductory concepts of Psychology, including its historical background, the structure of mental phenomena, and various psychological subfields. It is designed for students enrolled in the MDE 154 course and will help reinforce foundational knowledge in the field of Psychology.
