MDE 154 Psychology Lecture 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the term derived from two Greek words that refers to the study of the mind and behavior?

Psychology

Which ancient Greek philosopher believed that the soul is immortal?

  • Democritus
  • Plato (correct)
  • Heraclitus
  • William James
  • What significant advancement in psychology did Wilhelm Wundt contribute to in 1879?

  • Development of Functionalism
  • Theory of behaviorism
  • Theory of Idealism
  • First psychology laboratory (correct)
  • What does the term 'Structuralism' focus on?

    <p>Structures of the human mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John Watson believed that behavior was explained by the nature of __________.

    <p>stimulus — reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychology is defined as the study of the brain only.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a subfield of psychology?

    <p>Mechanical Psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following psychologists with their contributions:

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt = Opened first psychology laboratory John Watson = Theory of behaviorism Edward B. Titchener = Structuralism William James = Functionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main types of mental phenomena?

    <p>Mental processes, mental states, mental properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Psychology is the study of the mind and __________.

    <p>behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two Greek words that the term psychology is derived from?

    <p>Psyche and logos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was psychology considered in the 1st stage?

    <p>The science of the soul</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main method used to study consciousness in the 2nd stage?

    <p>Introspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the father of modern psychology?

    <p>Wilhelm Wundt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a school of thought in psychology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plato believed that the soul is mortal.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the theory of behaviorism?

    <p>John B. Watson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three categories of mental phenomena?

    <p>Mental processes, mental states, and mental properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Paul Ekman, how many types of emotions are identified?

    <p>7 types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of psychology provided by the American Psychological Dictionary?

    <p>The study of the mind and behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the subfields of psychology to their descriptions:

    <p>Clinical Psychology = Treatment of mental health issues Cognitive Psychology = Study of mental processes Industrial and Organizational Psychology = Study of workplace behavior Social Psychology = Study of social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Psychology

    • Psychology derives from the Greek words "psyche" (soul/spirit) and "logos" (study).
    • The Greek letter Psi (Ψ) symbolizes psychology studies.

    Historical Background of Psychology

    • 1st Stage (5th Century BC): Focused on the soul, explaining life's phenomena through its presence.
    • 2nd Stage (17th Century): Shifted to studying consciousness, characterized by introspection.
    • 3rd Stage (19th Century): Emphasized behavior, including experiments and observable actions.
    • 4th Stage (Present Time): Studies the objective nature of mental phenomena, including laws and mechanisms of the psyche.

    The Soul and Its Philosophical Perspectives

    • Idealism: Plato viewed the soul as immortal, growing with bodily conditions.
    • Materialism: Heraclitus and Democritus understood the soul as formed and influenced by the body.

    Foundational Figures in Modern Psychology

    • Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920): Established the first psychology lab in Leipzig in 1879, marking modern psychology's inception.
      • Conducted research on introspection to discern differences between sensation and perception.
    • Structuralism: Developed by Edward B. Titchener, focusing on the structures of the mind through analysis of sensations and feelings.
    • Functionalism: Associated with William James, aiming to understand the functions of the mind in adapting to environments.

    The Behaviorism Movement

    • John B. Watson (1878-1958): Advocated that behavior is primarily a response to external stimuli, dismissing internal mental processes.
    • Defined behavior through the stimulus-reaction framework.

    Current Focus in Psychological Science

    • Psychology now studies mental phenomena in human life, specifically the psyche.

    Structure of Mental Phenomena

    • Mental Processes: Cognitive (sensation, perception, attention, memory, thinking, speech, imagination) and emotional processes.
    • Mental States: Include emotional states such as anxiety, stress, and frustration, alongside moods and motivations.
    • Mental Properties: Character traits such as temperament and ability tied to skills and achievements.

    Types of Emotions

    • Proposed by Paul Ekman: joy, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, and contempt.

    Definition of Psychology

    • Psychology is defined as the systematic and scientific study of the mind and behavior, encompassing mental processes, experiences, and learning from interactions.

    Subfields of Psychology

    • Includes various specialties such as:
      • Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology
      • Clinical Psychology
      • Human Factors and Engineering Psychology
      • Social Psychology
      • Sport Psychology
      • Abnormal Psychology
      • Developmental Psychology
      • Climate and Environmental Psychology
      • Industrial-Organizational Psychology
      • Educational Psychology

    Introduction to Psychology

    • Psychology derives from the Greek words "psyche" (soul/spirit) and "logos" (study).
    • The Greek letter Psi (Ψ) symbolizes psychology studies.

    Historical Background of Psychology

    • 1st Stage (5th Century BC): Focused on the soul, explaining life's phenomena through its presence.
    • 2nd Stage (17th Century): Shifted to studying consciousness, characterized by introspection.
    • 3rd Stage (19th Century): Emphasized behavior, including experiments and observable actions.
    • 4th Stage (Present Time): Studies the objective nature of mental phenomena, including laws and mechanisms of the psyche.

    The Soul and Its Philosophical Perspectives

    • Idealism: Plato viewed the soul as immortal, growing with bodily conditions.
    • Materialism: Heraclitus and Democritus understood the soul as formed and influenced by the body.

    Foundational Figures in Modern Psychology

    • Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920): Established the first psychology lab in Leipzig in 1879, marking modern psychology's inception.
      • Conducted research on introspection to discern differences between sensation and perception.
    • Structuralism: Developed by Edward B. Titchener, focusing on the structures of the mind through analysis of sensations and feelings.
    • Functionalism: Associated with William James, aiming to understand the functions of the mind in adapting to environments.

    The Behaviorism Movement

    • John B. Watson (1878-1958): Advocated that behavior is primarily a response to external stimuli, dismissing internal mental processes.
    • Defined behavior through the stimulus-reaction framework.

    Current Focus in Psychological Science

    • Psychology now studies mental phenomena in human life, specifically the psyche.

    Structure of Mental Phenomena

    • Mental Processes: Cognitive (sensation, perception, attention, memory, thinking, speech, imagination) and emotional processes.
    • Mental States: Include emotional states such as anxiety, stress, and frustration, alongside moods and motivations.
    • Mental Properties: Character traits such as temperament and ability tied to skills and achievements.

    Types of Emotions

    • Proposed by Paul Ekman: joy, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, and contempt.

    Definition of Psychology

    • Psychology is defined as the systematic and scientific study of the mind and behavior, encompassing mental processes, experiences, and learning from interactions.

    Subfields of Psychology

    • Includes various specialties such as:
      • Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology
      • Clinical Psychology
      • Human Factors and Engineering Psychology
      • Social Psychology
      • Sport Psychology
      • Abnormal Psychology
      • Developmental Psychology
      • Climate and Environmental Psychology
      • Industrial-Organizational Psychology
      • Educational Psychology

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    Description

    This quiz covers the introductory concepts of Psychology, including its historical background, the structure of mental phenomena, and various psychological subfields. It is designed for students enrolled in the MDE 154 course and will help reinforce foundational knowledge in the field of Psychology.

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