Questions and Answers
What are the two components of a Network Interface?
What is the primary function of network client software?
Which of the following describes a server role?
What does Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) provide?
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What is the role of server features in a Windows Server?
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What feature in Windows Server 2012/R2 simplifies the installation of Windows over a network?
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What does PowerShell use to describe its commands?
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Which of the following is a new feature in Windows Server 2012/R2 that enhances file system resilience?
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What aspect does IP Address Management (IPAM) primarily monitor?
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Which version of PowerShell comes with Windows Server 2012 R2?
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What is a primary function of server operating systems?
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Which of the following services is NOT supported by Windows 10 desktop operating system?
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Which edition of Windows Server 2012/R2 allows for an unlimited number of virtual instances?
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What fault-tolerance feature is supported by Windows Server 2012/R2?
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What limitation does Windows 10 have regarding logged-on network users?
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A public cloud service is provided by an internal IT department.
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Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) allows users to access their desktop from any Internet connection.
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Active Directory is responsible for centralized authentication and authorization of users.
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Server Manager can only manage one server at a time.
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The main role of a hypervisor is to manage physical hardware components only.
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A network client software sends requests to a server to access network resources.
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The Active Directory Certificate Services role is responsible for managing physical hardware components in a network.
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A network interface consists solely of a network interface card (NIC).
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Server features in Windows Server 2012/R2 provide functions that enhance or support installed roles.
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A server can only be configured to perform a single role at a time.
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PowerShell includes a feature known as 'cmdlets' for command execution.
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Windows Deployment Services can only install Windows locally and does not support remote installation.
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IP Address Management (IPAM) is designed for managing servers running only DHCP, but not DNS.
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Storage Spaces is a feature introduced in Windows Server 2012/R2 that enhances network security.
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The Resilient File System (ReFS) is a feature available in Windows 8.1 and above.
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Match the following server roles with their primary functions:
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Match the following server roles with their descriptions:
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Match the server role to its key capability:
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Match the following technologies with their purposes:
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Match the following Windows Server components with their roles:
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Match the following Windows Server roles with their primary functions:
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Match the following networking components with their definitions:
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Match the following server features with their descriptions:
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Match the following components of Active Directory with their purposes:
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Match the following Windows Server 2012/R2 functionalities with their purposes:
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Match the following editions of Windows Server 2012/R2 with their features:
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Match the following core technologies of Windows Server 2012/R2 with their descriptions:
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Match the following Windows Server 2012/R2 roles with their primary functions:
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Match the following new or enhanced features of Windows Server 2012/R2 with their purposes:
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Match the following types of cloud models with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Windows Deployment Services
- Simplifies Windows installation over a network, enabling remote configuration of systems like Windows 10/11 and Server 2012.
- Essential for large-scale deployments in enterprise networks.
New Features in Windows Server 2012/R2
- Server Core: A minimal installation option for reduced maintenance.
- Minimal Server Interface: Combines benefits of Server Core with a graphical interface.
- PowerShell: Command-line environment crucial for automation; utilizes "cmdlets" for management tasks.
- Storage Spaces: Allows storage pooling and management for high availability.
- Resilient File System (ReFS): Enhanced file system designed for resilience against data corruption.
- IP Address Management (IPAM): Tools for monitoring and managing IP address schemes and services like DHCP and DNS.
- Dynamic Access Control: Advanced access control methodology to fine-tune user permissions.
PowerShell Overview
- Command-line scripting tool for extensive management tasks, featuring hundreds of cmdlets.
- Integrated into Windows Server 2012 R2 and higher, providing robust command management capabilities.
IP Address Management (IPAM)
- Offers tools to monitor and manage DHCP and DNS servers, with capabilities for automatic discovery.
- Facilitates auditing IP address usage and tracking changes within the network.
Server Roles and Features
- Server roles define primary services, while role services and features enhance or support these roles.
- Configurations can include single or multiple roles based on organizational needs.
Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)
- Manages digital certificates for secure network communications.
- Supports operations across Windows 10/11 and prior operating system versions.
Comparison: Server vs. Desktop Operating Systems
- Server operating systems, like Windows Server 2012/R2, focus on network performance and background processes.
- Windows 10 desktop OS supports limited functions, such as Hyper-V and file sharing, with a maximum of 20 concurrent users.
- Server 2012/R2 provides advanced fault-tolerance features such as RAID 5 and load balancing.
Windows Server 2012/R2 Editions
- Editions include Datacenter, Standard, Essential, and Foundation, designed to meet varying business needs.
- Datacenter Edition allows unlimited virtual instances, ideal for enterprise environments.
- Foundation Edition targets small businesses, limited to 15 users and singular physical processor support.
Cloud Computing and Virtualization
- Cloud technologies abstract application delivery, with virtualization facilitating multiple operating systems on a single server.
- Virtual machines emulate physical hardware for efficient resource management.
Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
- Centralized interface for server administration with remote management capabilities.
Disk Management
- Tool for managing disks and volumes in Windows Server environments.
File and Printer Sharing
- Provides advanced features, including shadow copies and disk quotas, essential for network resource management.
Networking Concepts
- Workgroup Model: Simplistic peer-to-peer network suitable for fewer than 10 users with decentralized logons and resource sharing.
- Domain Model: Designed for larger networks requiring centralized security, necessitating domain controller presence to manage resources effectively.
Hypervisor and Virtualization
- Hypervisor allows the creation and management of virtual hardware environments.
- Essential for running multiple operating systems on a single physical server.
Cloud Computing Types
- Public Cloud: Provided by third parties, examples include DropBox, SkyDrive, and Google Apps.
- Private Cloud: Managed by an internal IT department, typically offering virtual desktops, storage, and applications.
- Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI): Users access desktops via a web browser or client software from any internet connection.
Core Technologies of Windows Server 2012/R2
- Includes: Server Manager, Active Directory, Microsoft Management Console, Disk Management, file and printer sharing, and Windows networking.
Server Manager
- Central tool for installing, configuring, and removing server roles.
- Allows management of all servers in a network and includes diagnostics and storage management tools.
Active Directory
- Centralizes the administration of network resources like users, groups, and printers.
- Provides user authentication and authorization along with DNS for Windows domain management.
Windows Network Components
- Network Connection: Collection of networking elements functioning together.
- Network Interface: Comprises the network interface card (NIC) and device driver software.
- Network Protocol: Defines rules and formats for communication between devices.
- Network Client and Server Software: Clients send requests for resources while server software makes resources available, e.g., File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks.
Windows Server 2012/R2 Roles
- A server can perform a singular function or multiple roles, with role services adding functionality.
Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)
- Provides creation, issuance, and management of digital certificates, user-friendly compared to typical VPN connections.
Windows Deployment Services (WDS)
- Facilitates installation of Windows over a network, allowing remote configuration of systems like Windows 10/11 and Server 2012.
New and Enhanced Features in Windows Server 2012/R2
- Introduces Server Core, Minimal Server Interface, PowerShell, Storage Spaces, Resilient File System (ReFS), IP Address Management (IPAM), and Dynamic Access Control.
PowerShell
- Interactive scripting environment for various management tasks using cmdlets, available from PowerShell 4.0 in Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1 onward.
IP Address Management (IPAM)
- Includes tools for monitoring and managing DHCP and DNS servers, auditing IP address use, and tracking changes in the IP address space.
Foundation Edition
- Entry-level edition for small businesses, supports 15 users with no CALs required, allows one physical processor and up to 32 GB RAM, can be a stand-alone server, but does not support Hyper-V.
Virtualization and Private Cloud
- Virtualization is a core cloud computing technology that enables the emulation of multiple hardware environments.
- A virtual machine (VM) replicates a physical computer’s hardware, while the host computer runs the virtualization software to manage these VMs.
Objectives of Windows Server 2012/R2
- Understand the server operating system functions, editions, private cloud technologies, core Windows Server technologies, server roles, and new features.
Role of a Server Operating System
- A server’s role is determined by the nature and size of the business and how technologically integrated it is in its operations.
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)
- Installs Active Directory, transforming a Windows Server 2012/R2 into a domain controller.
- Primary functions include user and computer authentication and authorization within a Windows domain.
DHCP Server
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) role enables automatic IP address assignment and configuration for client computers.
- Can also provide default gateway, DNS server addresses, and additional configuration options.
DNS Server
- Domain Name System (DNS) resolves domain names to IP addresses for both Internet and Windows domain computers.
- During Active Directory installation, the option to use an existing DNS server or install DNS on the same server as Active Directory is available.
Hyper-V
- Offers services for creating and managing virtual machines (VMs) on a Windows Server 2012/R2.
- VMs simulate computer hardware and can be used to install operating systems in a similar manner to physical machines.
Remote Access
- Configures servers as virtual private network (VPN) servers and routers.
- Direct Access functionality allows users to securely connect to the network over the Internet.
Windows Network Components
- Network Connection: A combination of networking components including Network Interface Card (NIC) and device driver software.
- Network Protocol: Establishes communication rules and formats between network devices.
- Network Client and Server Software: Network clients send requests to servers for resources, while servers provide these resources, including file and printer sharing on Microsoft Networks.
Windows Server 2012/R2 Roles
- Defines major functions or services that a server can perform, which can include multiple roles and role services to enhance functionality.
- Each server can be configured for single or multiple roles to meet organizational needs.
Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS)
- Manages the creation, issuing, and administration of digital certificates, serving as an electronic document verifying the identity of the certificate holder.
Server Operating System Functions
- Server functions depend on business type, size, and technology commitment.
- Servers provide key services such as file sharing, web hosting, and network resource management.
Differences between Server and Desktop Operating Systems
- Server operating systems focus on network performance and background processes, whereas desktop OSs prioritize user applications.
- Windows Server provides extensive network services like DNS, DHCP, Active Directory, and Load Balancing, which desktop OSs offer limitedly.
Windows Server 2012/R2 Editions
- Includes multiple editions: Datacenter, Standard, Essential, and Foundation, allowing businesses to select based on size and requirements.
- The Datacenter Edition permits installation of an unlimited number of virtual OS instances.
Public vs. Private Cloud
- Public Cloud: Third-party provided services, examples include Dropbox and Google Apps.
- Private Cloud: Internal IT-managed services, featuring virtual desktops and storage solutions.
Core Technologies of Windows Server 2012/R2
- Key components include Server Manager, Active Directory, Microsoft Management Console, Disk Management, and file/printer sharing.
Server Manager
- Centralized interface for managing server roles, diagnosing issues, and configuring storage.
- Enables management of multiple servers across the network efficiently.
Active Directory Overview
- Centralizes administration of users, groups, and shared resources.
- Provides authentication, authorization, and domain-naming services integrated with DNS for effective network resource management.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Windows Deployment Services from the MCSA Guide for Exam 70-410. This quiz covers the installation and configuration of Windows over a network, focusing on Windows 10/11 and Server 2012. Prepare for your certification with practical insights and concepts.
