19 Questions
What is the main topic of the first chapter of the MCAT?
Cell theory and microscopes
Who first saw cell walls under a microscope in around 1665?
Robert Hooke
What is the main purpose of using microscopes to study cells?
To observe very small details in cells
Which scientist is credited with visualizing living cells under a microscope?
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
What is the main function of lenses in a light microscope?
To magnify the specimen image
Which parameter in microscopy is responsible for the clarity of an image?
Resolution
What is the maximum magnification light microscopes can achieve effectively?
~1000 times
Why is resolution an important parameter in microscopy?
To measure the clarity of an image
What is the main purpose of magnification in microscopy?
To enlarge the image of the specimen
Which type of electron microscope is best suited for detailed studies of the topography of a specimen?
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
What is the theoretical resolution that modern electron microscopes can achieve?
0.002 micrometers
What is the second basic tenet of cell theory?
The cell is the basic unit of life
What does the fourth tenet of cell theory state regarding genetic information?
Cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions
What is the main function of a transmission electron microscope (TEM)?
Studying internal structures of cells
What was a significant improvement brought by electron microscopes over light microscopes?
Higher resolving power
'Cells arise from pre-existing cells' is a basic tenet of cell theory. What does this statement imply?
'Every cell comes from another existing cell'
'All living things are composed of cells' is a fundamental tenet of cell theory. What does this statement suggest?
'The basic structural unit of all living things is the cell'
What separates eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells in terms of organization?
Eukaryotic cells lack internal membranes.
Learn about cell theory, microscopes, eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, genetics, growth of prokaryotic cells, and viruses in the first chapter of MCAT. Understand the biological organization hierarchy with cells as the simplest form of matter.
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