MCAT Chapter 1: The Cell, Cell Theory, and Microscopes
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Questions and Answers

What is the main topic of the first chapter of the MCAT?

  • Genetics of prokaryotic cells
  • Cell structure
  • Cell theory and microscopes (correct)
  • Virus classification

Who first saw cell walls under a microscope in around 1665?

  • Antony van Leeuwenhoek
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • René Descartes
  • Louis Pasteur

What is the main purpose of using microscopes to study cells?

  • To enlarge cells so they can be seen by the naked eye
  • To observe very small details in cells (correct)
  • To identify viruses in cells
  • To kill cells for study

Which scientist is credited with visualizing living cells under a microscope?

<p>Antony van Leeuwenhoek (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lenses in a light microscope?

<p>To magnify the specimen image (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter in microscopy is responsible for the clarity of an image?

<p>Resolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum magnification light microscopes can achieve effectively?

<p>~1000 times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is resolution an important parameter in microscopy?

<p>To measure the clarity of an image (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of magnification in microscopy?

<p>To enlarge the image of the specimen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of electron microscope is best suited for detailed studies of the topography of a specimen?

<p>Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theoretical resolution that modern electron microscopes can achieve?

<p>0.002 micrometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second basic tenet of cell theory?

<p>The cell is the basic unit of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fourth tenet of cell theory state regarding genetic information?

<p>Cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

<p>Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a transmission electron microscope (TEM)?

<p>Studying internal structures of cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant improvement brought by electron microscopes over light microscopes?

<p>Higher resolving power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cells arise from pre-existing cells' is a basic tenet of cell theory. What does this statement imply?

<p>'Every cell comes from another existing cell' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'All living things are composed of cells' is a fundamental tenet of cell theory. What does this statement suggest?

<p>'The basic structural unit of all living things is the cell' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells in terms of organization?

<p>Eukaryotic cells lack internal membranes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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