SOP 102-103
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the text?

  • To outline the steps for issuing a MAYDAY radio transmission
  • To provide guidelines for responding to a MAYDAY call
  • To describe the common situations that may require a MAYDAY call
  • To establish the roles and responsibilities of all parties when a MAYDAY has been transmitted (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT included in the 3 "W's" acronym for a MAYDAY transmission?

  • When (correct)
  • Where
  • What
  • Who

    • What is the recommended action if a firefighter is unable to complete the full MAYDAY transmission?

  • Provide the MAYDAY information in a follow-up radio transmission
  • Hang up and try again later
  • Wait for a response from dispatch before attempting another MAYDAY
  • Repeat the MAYDAY call until it is confirmed received (correct)

    • Which of the following situations would NOT typically require a MAYDAY transmission?

    <p>Having a medical emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scope of the guidelines outlined in the text?

    <p>All personnel operating in or around an IDLH atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of establishing a Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) according to the text?

    <p>To provide a dedicated rescue team to assist emergency responders who become trapped or disoriented at an emergency incident.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the Incident Commander (IC) establish an initial RIT according to the text?

    <p>In accordance with OSHA 1910.134.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of Fire Rescue Communications upon receiving a MAYDAY notification?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Wheel Breathing' technique mentioned in the text?

    <p>To extend the bottle time by not allowing air to be used for the low pressure alarm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the RIT team?

    <p>To provide immediate assistance and emergency egress to emergency responders who become trapped or disoriented.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can the establishment of a RIT be delayed according to the text?

    <p>Both A and B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of Fire Rescue Communications if they receive a MAYDAY on a channel other than the tactical channel used by on-scene units?

    <p>Alert Tone 2 the tactical channel for all units to clear the frequency and notify the IC of the MAYDAY call and the channel on which it was received.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of Fire Rescue Communications after a MAYDAY/RIT event has been terminated?

    <p>Issue an alert tone followed by notification that the MAYDAY/RIT event has been terminated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances may the IC use the RIT company to mitigate an imminent situation?

    <p>In extreme circumstances, such as the rescue of civilians or attack of a fast-spreading fire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the firefighter who called the MAYDAY once the MAYDAY has been received on a channel?

    <p>To remain on the channel and have all communication with them take priority on that channel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action the officer assigned to RIT should take upon arrival?

    <p>Report to the Incident Commander for briefing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of issuing a MAYDAY?

    <p>To notify that a firefighter is lost or in trouble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the Incident Commander (IC) assume about a lost or missing firefighter until their location is known?

    <p>The firefighter is in the hot zone and in need of rescue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the RIT do before taking any immediate action upon arrival?

    <p>Perform an exterior size-up and consider building conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a duty of the RIT as stated in the text?

    <p>Assess the need for additional ground ladders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC do upon notification of a MAYDAY?

    <p>Restructure the tactical plan to include a high-priority firefighter rescue effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the RIT be referred to as if it is deployed?

    <p>Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC do regarding the radio channel when a MAYDAY is called?

    <p>Leave all fire ground communications on the original channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What equipment should each member of the RIT have as per the text?

    <p>Flashlight and webbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC do regarding firefighting efforts during a MAYDAY situation?

    <p>Hold positions, prevent spread, and provide a continuous fire attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What resources should the IC consider requesting during a MAYDAY situation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is housed in the low-pressure side of a RIT bag as described in the text?

    <p>RIT Mask with regulator attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) during a MAYDAY situation?

    <p>To deploy to the most appropriate location based on information received</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC be prepared to do if necessary to assist in the rescue effort?

    <p>Write off other portions of the building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the firefighter who called the MAYDAY?

    <p>To remain on the original radio channel for communication with the IC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IC trying to keep communication informal with the firefighter who called the MAYDAY?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before entering an IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health) atmosphere?

    <p>Enter with at least two firefighters, have a portable radio, adequate air supply, and an assignment under ICS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If unable to contact command or Fire Rescue Communications, what should you do?

    <p>Switch to the appropriate primary channel and utilize the MAYDAY message with the 3W's (Who, Where, What)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after issuing a MAYDAY?

    <p>Activate your PASS (Personal Alert Safety System) device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If unable to communicate on your portable radio, what should you do?

    <p>Activate the emergency button and PASS device, but do not turn off the PASS device unless it interferes with radio communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Once a MAYDAY has been received, what mode should firefighters enter?

    <p>Survival mode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If unable to self-rescue, what should you do?

    <p>Retreat to an area of safe refuge and conserve air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should you take to assist rescuers in locating you?

    <p>Turn flashlight on and off intermittently, create tapping noises, and assume a horizontal position on the floor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If unable to self-rescue, what should you do to manage your air supply?

    <p>Stay calm, control panic, and breathe tactically (inhale through nose for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, exhale through mouth for 4 seconds, hold for 4 seconds, repeat)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do to make it easier for the Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) to rescue you?

    <p>Attempt to package yourself (strap or SCBA harness conversion), cut yourself out of wires, orient your body in the position of egress, and pull the cap off your Universal Air Connection (UAC) for potential transfill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should you avoid when trapped in an IDLH atmosphere?

    <p>Skipping breaths or attempting to hold your breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for notifying the Incident Commander (IC) of any problems or dangerous situations?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a RIT deploy?

    <p>Only by order of the IC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the IC do at the onset of a RIT/Mayday situation?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC ensure during RIT operations?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before entering the building, what should the RIT Officer do? (Select the incorrect option)

    <p>Ensure the team's search rope is secured to a fixed object outside the building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases of structural collapse with missing or trapped firefighters, what should the IC request?

    <p>Technical rescue resources to support the incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the IC do regarding fire ground communications upon receiving a Mayday?

    <p>Leave all communications on the original channel assigned to the incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How will the IC maintain control of operations during a Mayday situation?

    <p>The IC will maintain control of suppression operations, while a second Chief Officer takes control of Mayday/rescue operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the RIT consider when entering the building to search for an injured or disoriented firefighter?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the RIT do if the closest entry point is not the best access point?

    <p>Create an alternate entry point (e.g., cut a door, wall breach, tunneling)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if no PASS is sounding and there is no further information available?

    <p>Start an oriented search from the victim's last known location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing a downed firefighter, which of the following should NOT be determined?

    <p>The severity of the victim's injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should RIT 1 relay to the Incident Commander as soon as possible?

    <p>The conditions, actions, and needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the Incident Commander consider regarding the number of crews inside the structure?

    <p>Assign additional RIT members as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of victim packaging?

    <p>To secure the victim's SCBA to their body for safe extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is preferred for quickly packaging a downed firefighter?

    <p>Using the pick-off strap from the RIT bag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the victim is completely removed from all PPE after extraction?

    <p>Disrobing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after the removal of the RIT team and downed/entrapped firefighter(s)?

    <p>The Comm Center will issue an alert tone and notification that the RIT/MAYDAY event has been terminated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the Incident Commander consider regarding the media during the incident?

    <p>Control the release of the identity and condition of any injured firefighters until next of kin are notified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the Incident Commander consider regarding the RIT team during the overhaul phase?

    <p>Keep the RIT in place through the overhaul phase, depending on structural stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mayday Protocol

    • Purpose: Establish roles and responsibilities when a MAYDAY is transmitted
    • Scope: Applies to all St. Johns County Fire Rescue personnel operating in Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) atmospheres

    Mayday Radio Transmission

    • Radio transmission "MAYDAY" reports a situation where a firefighter is lost/disoriented, cut-off by fire, out of air, experiencing partial or complete building collapse, entrapment, falls, medical emergencies, or injured and in need of rescue
    • A MAYDAY transmission includes the 3 W's:
      • Who: Identify yourself
      • Where: Provide your location
      • What: State your needs
    • Example MAYDAY transmission: "MAYDAY > MAYDAY > MAYDAY … Firefighter Doe, Engine 12, I am on the D-Delta side. I am lost and low on air and need assistance."

    Command Responsibilities

    • Incident Commander (IC) assumes the lost or missing firefighter is in the hot zone until their location is known
    • IC restructures the tactical plan to include a high-priority firefighter rescue effort
    • IC leaves all fire ground communications on the channel where the MAYDAY was called
    • IC activates the Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) and deploys them to the most appropriate location based on information received

    Firefighter Responsibilities

    • Recognize the need for assistance and call a MAYDAY immediately
    • Take actions to save yourself, including attempting self-rescue or finding a safe refuge
    • Communicate with IC and provide updates on your location and situation

    Survival Techniques

    • If unable to self-rescue, attempt to make it easy for RIT to rescue you
    • Retreat to a safe refuge area away from the fire
    • Stay calm and conserve air
    • Use personal safety equipment, such as a PASS device and flashlight, to aid in your rescue

    Communication Center Responsibilities

    • Upon notification of a MAYDAY, Fire Rescue Communications sends an Alert Tone 2 and dispatches an additional alarm
    • Communications personnel monitor and oversee communications on the channel where the MAYDAY was received### RIT Operations
    • If no PASS alarm sounds, start an oriented search from the victim's last known location.
    • When reaching the downed firefighter, immediately size up the situation, assess the victim, and notify the IC by radio.

    Assessing the Victim

    • Turn off the PASS alarm and determine:
      • Number of victims
      • If the victim is conscious (talk to the victim, determine mental status)
      • If the victim is breathing (if not, make sure bottle is on and begin rapid extraction)
      • Air check (make sure bottle is on, check air level, check pack function and integrity)
      • Mask and regulator intact (check for damage and malfunction, determine if it's a high-pressure or low-pressure emergency)
      • Entrapment (determine if the victim is stuck or entangled and call for additional needed resources)

    RIT Communication

    • RIT 1 should relay the following information as soon as possible:
      • C - Conditions
      • A - Actions (rapid vs. extended extraction)
      • N - Needs
    • RIT 2 will standby with additional packaging equipment and any other tools necessary for removal per RIT 1's information.

    Victim Packaging

    • Upon reaching the downed firefighter, airway management and victim packaging should be done simultaneously if possible.
    • Packaging is the process of securely marrying the victim's SCBA to the firefighter's body.
    • There are two ways to package a downed firefighter quickly:
      • SCBA harness conversion
      • Using the pick-off strap located in the RIT bag

    Post Extraction Care

    • Once the victim has been extracted from the structure, the victim needs to be completely removed from all PPE.
    • This process is called disrobing and provides for:
      • Heat release
      • Access to airway
      • Access to the chest for potential CPR
      • Access to the peripheral vasculature
      • Expedites treatment and transport for medical crews

    Additional Considerations

    • After the removal of the RIT team and downed/entrapped firefighter(s), the Comm Center will issue an alert tone and notification that the RIT/MAYDAY event has been terminated.
    • The IC will need to control the media early and throughout the incident.
    • The IC will consider keeping RIT in place through the overhaul phase, depending on structural stability.

    Initial Actions

    • The officer assigned to RIT will report to the IC to be briefed on the location and identification of operating units.
    • The RIT will position itself in the best tactical vantage point and assemble the proper tools and equipment to accomplish the RIT tasks.
    • The RIT location will be communicated to the IC.

    RIT Duties

    • The RIT will perform an exterior size-up (360 walk around) considering building construction and fire conditions.
    • The RIT will closely monitor the assigned talk group(s) to assist in tracking resource locations, changes in the incident or building conditions, unsuccessful PARs, firefighter Mayday transmissions, and all other forms of potentially emergent communication.
    • The RIT will be ready to take immediate action as directed by the IC.

    RIT Equipment

    • Personal equipment for each member:
      • Full PPE, including SCBA
      • Radio
      • Flashlight
      • Webbing
    • Team equipment:
      • RIT Bag
      • Tarp
      • Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC)
      • Spare SCBA/mask
      • Forcible entry tools
      • 6ft hook
      • Chainsaw or K12 (Diamond Blade)
      • Half sked, Stokes Basket (if available)

    Reasons for Deployment

    • Sudden hazardous events such as collapse, flashover, backdraft, or rapid increase in fire.
    • Radio transmission indicating a call for help (i.e. MAYDAY).
    • Fire ground member who loses contact with the crew members, division, or group for any reason.
    • Accountability check reveals a missing firefighter.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the roles and responsibilities of all parties involved when a MAYDAY has been transmitted in an IDLH atmosphere for St. Johns County Fire Rescue personnel. Topics include reporting being lost or disoriented, cut-off by fire, out of air, building collapse, entrapment, falls, and medical emergencies.

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