Maxipime (Cefepime) Flashcards

Study Notes

Maxipime Overview

Maxipime is the trade name for cefepime, the sole member of the 4th generation cephalosporins.
Classified as an anti-infective, it is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

Pharmacological Class

Falls under the category of 4th generation cephalosporins, designed to fight against a wide range of bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Works by being bactericidal, which means it kills bacteria rather than just inhibiting their growth.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis, essential for bacterial growth and survival.
Provides resistance against beta-lactamase, an enzyme produced by some bacteria that can make them resistant to other antibiotics.

Spectrum of Activity

Exhibits a broad spectrum of action, effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Its gram-negative activity surpasses that of earlier cephalosporin generations.
Not effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Distribution and Absorption

Can penetrate the central nervous system (CSF), making it useful for certain infections.
Crosses the placenta and is found in breast milk, indicating caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Metabolism and Excretion

Around 85% of cefepime is excreted unchanged in urine, highlighting its renal clearance.

Contraindications and Cautions

Contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins.
Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment; safety during pregnancy and lactation lacks established guidelines.

Common Side Effects

Frequent adverse reactions include rash, pain at injection site (IM), and phlebitis (inflammation of a vein).

Serious Adverse Effects

Potential severe side effects include seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, anaphylaxis, and serum sickness.

Administration Routes

Administered via intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) routes.

Nursing Implications

Assess for signs of infection and obtain a history of drug allergies along with culture and sensitivity (C&S) testing.
Monitor closely for anaphylactic reactions and bowel function to detect serious side effects.

Duration of Action

Cefepime has a longer duration of action compared to 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins, allowing for less frequent dosing.

Description

Test your knowledge of Maxipime (cefepime), a 4th generation cephalosporin, through these informative flashcards. Explore its trade names, pharmacological and therapeutic classifications, mechanism of action, and spectrum of activity. Perfect for students and professionals in the pharmaceutical field.