Maxillary Sinus Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What shape does the maxillary sinus take in adulthood?

  • Spherical
  • Pyramidal (correct)
  • Cuboidal
  • Narrowed oval
  • Which artery is primarily responsible for the arterial supply to the maxillary sinus?

  • Superficial temporal artery
  • Facial artery
  • Maxillary artery (correct)
  • Carotid artery
  • What type of nerve provides sensation to the maxillary sinus?

  • Infra-orbital nerve (correct)
  • Optic nerve
  • Trigeminal nerve
  • Facial nerve
  • Which lymph nodes are primarily responsible for draining lymph from the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Retro pharyngeal lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary type of lining in the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Respiratory mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following veins is involved in the venous drainage of the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Anterior facial vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the development of the maxillary sinus begin?

    <p>Fourth week of gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does infection in the maxillary sinus potentially spread?

    <p>Via emissary veins to the cavernous sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the mandibular condyle?

    <p>Cancellous bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the articular disk in the TMJ?

    <p>To act as a shock absorber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the trabeculae of the mandibular condyle as a person ages?

    <p>They become thicker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the articular eminence?

    <p>It is devoid of blood vessels and nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a dysfunction of the TMJ?

    <p>Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome?

    <p>Spasm of the masticatory muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in mastication?

    <p>Sternocleidomastoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium lines the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated Epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are goblet cells responsible for in the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Secreting mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells are most numerous in the epithelium of the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Columnar Ciliated Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of maxillary sinusitis?

    <p>Nasal discharge with a foul smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is opacification in the context of maxillary sinus issues?

    <p>Cloudiness of the sinus on radiographs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may cause proptosis as a complication?

    <p>Carcinoma of the maxillary sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cilia in the sinus epithelium?

    <p>To move debris and mucus towards the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural component makes up the subepithelial connective tissue layer of the maxillary sinus?

    <p>Collagen bundles and few elastic fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Paranasal Sinuses

    • There are 4 pairs of paranasal sinuses: maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal.

    Maxillary Sinus

    • Definition: pneumatic space inside the body of the maxilla.
    • Development: first to develop, starts as a tubular structure at birth, becomes ovoid in childhood, and pyramidal in adulthood.
    • Arterial supply: branches from the maxillary artery (pterygopalatine part), including posterior superior alveolar artery, infra-orbital artery, and greater palatine artery.
    • Venous drainage: anteriorly through the facial vein and posteriorly through the pterygoid venous plexus, which communicates with the cavernous sinus via an emissary vein.
    • Nerve supply: anterior superior alveolar nerve, middle superior alveolar nerve, posterior superior alveolar nerve, and infra-orbital nerve.
    • Lymph drainage: submandibular lymph nodes, deep cervical lymph nodes, and retropharyngeal lymph nodes.

    Microscopic Features

    • Lined with a mucous membrane of the respiratory type.
    • Epithelium: pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with columnar ciliated cells, basal cells, columnar non-ciliated cells, and goblet cells.
    • Cilia: composed of microtubules, providing a mobile apparatus to move debris and microorganisms out of the sinus.
    • Goblet cells: mucous synthesizing and secreting cells.

    Clinical Significance

    • Maxillary sinusitis: inflammation of the maxillary sinus, symptoms include headache, foul-smelling nasal or pharyngeal discharge, fever, and weakness.
    • Cancer: carcinoma of the maxillary sinus may invade the palate and cause dental pain, block the nasolacrimal duct, and spread to the brain and lymph nodes.
    • Age: with age, the maxillary sinus expands, surrounding the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth and extending into the zygomatic bone.

    Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

    • Formed by the articulation between the articular eminence and the condylar head of the mandible.
    • Contains a fibrous intra-articular disk that functions as a shock absorber.

    HISTOLOGY

    • Bony structures: condyle of the mandible composed of cancellous bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone, with trabeculae radiating from the neck of the mandible.
    • Articular disk: composed of dense fibrous tissue, devoid of blood vessels and nerves.

    Clinical Considerations

    • Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome: characterized by masticatory muscle tenderness, limited opening of the mandible (< 37 mm), and joint sounds, more common in females.

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    Maxillary Sinus PDF

    Description

    Learn about the maxillary sinus, its definition, and its relationship to other paranasal sinuses. This quiz covers the basics of maxillary sinus anatomy.

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