Maxilla mandible TMJ Anatomy and Functions
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What structures articulate with the maxilla?

  • Frontal bone, nasal bone, and zygomatic bone. (correct)
  • Only the mandible.
  • Only the nasal bone and vomer.
  • The sphenoid bone and ethmoid bone.

    • Which of the following are key features of the maxilla?

  • It forms part of the nasal cavity. (correct)
  • It forms the entire upper jaw structure.
  • It articulates only with the mandible.
  • It is a paired bone consisting of two maxillary bones. (correct)

    • Which process is associated with the maxilla and supports the upper dental arch?

  • Zygomatic process
  • Palatine process
  • Maxillary sinus process
  • Alveolar process (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT an implication of a cleft lip and palate?

    <p>Contributes to increased dental caries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many processes are formed by the maxilla?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maxillary surface is part of the roof of the oral cavity?

    <p>Palatine surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps to form the upper dental arch?

    <p>Alveolar process of the maxilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone does NOT articulate with the maxilla?

    <p>Temporal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common facial birth defect in the UK?

    <p>Cleft lip and palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one possible anatomical presentation of a cleft lip?

    <p>A small notch or wide gap reaching the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential issue associated with cleft palate?

    <p>Joint pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surgical approach for cleft lip in infants?

    <p>Surgically repaired in the first few months of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might a cleft palate present anatomically?

    <p>A split that extends to the back of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process of the maxilla projects upward to contact the frontal bone?

    <p>Frontal process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the palatine process of the maxilla?

    <p>Forms the roof of the oral cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maxillary surface contributes to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Nasal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zygomatic process of the maxilla articulates with which structure?

    <p>Zygomatic bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature is described as a large air space within each maxillary bone?

    <p>Maxillary sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features is located on the lateral aspect of the maxilla?

    <p>Zygomatic process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior nasal spine is associated with which part of the maxilla?

    <p>Facial surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition occurs during the development of the palate?

    <p>Cleft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The infra-orbital foramen is found in which view of the maxillary bones?

    <p>Facial view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveolar process of the maxilla?

    <p>Hold the teeth in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maxillary aspect is involved in forming the floor of the orbit?

    <p>Orbital surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The canine eminence is found on which surface of the maxilla?

    <p>Facial surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the projection that assists in forming the roof of the oral cavity and nasal cavity?

    <p>Palatine process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The posterior surface of the maxilla forms the wall of which region?

    <p>Infratemporal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the submandibular fossa?

    <p>Submandibular salivary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What passes through the mandibular foramen?

    <p>Inferior dental nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the sublingual fossa situated?

    <p>Under the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of the mandible is challenging for identifying nerve blocks?

    <p>Lingula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the oblique opening in the ramus of the mandible?

    <p>Entrance for the inferior dental artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the triangular elevation of bone known as the mental protuberance?

    <p>Bony prominence at the chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the mental spine in the mandible?

    <p>Origin for the genioglossus muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle has its origin at the mylohyoid ridge of the mandible?

    <p>Mylohyoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary shape of the mandible?

    <p>Horseshoe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure transmits the mental nerve and artery in the mandible?

    <p>Mental foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the digastric fossae located on the mandible?

    <p>On either side of the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the mandible is described as the largest and strongest bone of the face?

    <p>Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of the mandible serves as the attachment point for the geniohyoid muscle?

    <p>Mental spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the mandible articulate with the temporal bone?

    <p>Through a movable synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is the only movable bone of the skull?

    <p>Mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many separate spines can the mental spine have?

    <p>Up to four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure is associated with the floor of the anterior part of the mouth?

    <p>Mylohyoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What articulates with the mandibular teeth?

    <p>Maxillary teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coronoid process of the mandible?

    <p>Attachment point for muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the ramus of the mandible?

    <p>It consists of a vertical extension of the mandible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The condyle of the mandible is important for which function?

    <p>Jaw movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the condyle in the mandible?

    <p>It articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT a part of the external anatomy of the mandible?

    <p>Mandibular fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is located at the midpoint of the inferior border of the mandible?

    <p>Mental foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many teeth does the alveolar process of the mandible house on each side?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two plates of bone that make up the alveolar process of the mandible?

    <p>Facial and lingual plates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ramus of the mandible ascends vertically from which part of the mandible?

    <p>Posterior aspects of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure supports the condyle of the mandible?

    <p>Neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature originates at the mental tubercle of the mandible?

    <p>External oblique ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary movements of the mandible?

    <p>Depression and elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which axis of rotation is NOT associated with the rotational movement of the mandible?

    <p>Spheroidal axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common type of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)?

    <p>Myofascial pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of myofascial pain associated with TMD?

    <p>Headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category includes conditions like a dislocated jaw or displaced disc in TMD?

    <p>Internal derangement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure forms the fossa in which the mandible sits?

    <p>Mandibular fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement does the mandibular condyle perform during wide mouth opening?

    <p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common problem associated with the TMJ?

    <p>Excessive hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the articular eminence in TMJ function?

    <p>To facilitate the condyle's anterior movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is primarily responsible for the movement of the mandible?

    <p>Masticatory muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is typically observed in TMJ disorders?

    <p>Frequent headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which TMJ structure is important for allowing smooth movement during jaw activities?

    <p>Articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is commonly linked to TMJ dysfunction?

    <p>Tinnitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of TMJ disorders?

    <p>Limited opening of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a clicking or popping sound associated with TMJ disorders?

    <p>It occurs when the jaw joint is misaligned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is commonly recommended for relieving pain in TMJ disorders?

    <p>Medication for muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical symptom of a dislocated jaw?

    <p>Inability to close the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'trismus' refer to in the context of TMJ disorders?

    <p>Limited opening of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Headaches associated with TMJ disorders often mimic the symptoms of which condition?

    <p>Migraines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments would not be appropriate for TMJ disorders?

    <p>High-impact sports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often a sudden symptom indicating a change in the alignment of teeth in TMJ disorders?

    <p>A clicking or popping jaw noise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Maxilla

    • The Maxilla is also known as the upper jaw.
    • The upper jaw is composed of two maxillary bones joined together.
    • The maxilla is a key component of the upper facial skeleton.
    • The maxilla helps form the face, the infratemporal region, the orbital floor, the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, and the roof of the oral cavity.

    Maxilla Articular Surfaces

    • The maxilla articulates with the nasal bones, frontal bone, zygomatic bones, vomer, palatine bones, lacrimal bone, ethmoid bone, and inferior concha.
    • The maxilla articulates with the mandible through the temporomandibular joint, which allows the teeth of the maxilla to articulate with the teeth of the mandible.

    Maxilla Processes and Surfaces

    • The maxillary bone has 4 processes (alveolar, zygomatic, frontal, and palatine).
    • The maxilla has 4 surfaces: orbital, facial, nasal, and infratemporal.

    Alveolar Process

    • The alveolar process of the maxilla forms sockets and supporting bone for the maxillary teeth.
    • The alveolar processes of both maxillae form the upper dental arch.

    Zygomatic Process

    • The zygomatic process is located on the lateral aspect of the maxilla and contributes to the zygomatic arch.
    • The zygomatic process articulates with the zygoma.

    Frontal Process

    • The frontal process is a bar of bone that projects upward from the anterosuperior aspect of the maxilla and contacts the frontal bone.
    • The frontal process articulates with the frontal, nasal, and lacrimal bones.

    Palatine Process

    • The palatine process is a horizontal shelf projecting from the medial aspect of the maxilla towards the midline and its opposite counterpart.
    • The palatine process forms the roof of the oral cavity and the floor of the nasal cavity.

    Maxillary Sinus

    • The maxillary sinus is a large air space within each maxillary bone.
    • The sinus extends anteriorly to the facial surface, laterally to the zygomatic process, posteriorly to the infratemporal wall, and inferiorly down to the alveolar process.
    • The maxillary sinus is closely related to the roots of the maxillary molars.

    Cleft Palate

    • Cleft palate occurs during the development of the palate.
    • In cases of cleft palate, the two halves of the palate do not fuse properly.
    • Cleft palate may be associated with a cleft lip.
    • Cleft lip and palate are the most common facial birth defects in the UK, affecting around 1 in every 700 babies.
    • Clefts are primarily surgically corrected, yielding excellent aesthetic and functional results.
    • A cleft lip is typically surgically revised in the first few months of life.

    Cleft Lip

    • Cleft lip may affect one side of the lip or both sides, ranging from a small notch to a wide gap that extends to the nose.

    The Mandible

    • The largest and strongest bone of the face
    • Shaped like a horseshoe
    • Consists of a horizontal body and two vertical rami
    • The only movable bone of the skull
    • Articulates with the temporal bone via the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
    • Serves as an attachment point for muscles, including mastication muscles.

    Key Parts of the Mandible

    • Body: The horizontal portion
    • Ramus: Ascends vertically from the body
    • Coronoid Process: Sharp, beak-like process, insertion of temporalis muscle.
    • Condyle: The head of the condyle articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone.
    • Neck: Supports the condyle.
    • Alveolar Process: Houses the teeth.

    External Features of The Mandible

    • External Oblique Ridge: Originates at the mental tubercle and sweeps upwards and backwards.
    • Mental Foramen: Located at the midpoint of the inferior border of the body.
    • Mental Protuberance (Chin): Triangular elevation of bone.
    • Mental Tubercles: Small elevations either side of the mental protuberance.
    • Submandibular Fossa: The site of the submandibular salivary gland.
    • Sublingual Fossa: The site of the sublingual salivary gland.

    Internal Features of The Mandible

    • Digastric Fossa: Depressions on either side of the midline, reflect the bony origins of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
    • Mental Spine (Genial Tubercles): Up to 4 separate spines or a single fused spine, origin of the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles.
    • Mylohyoid Ridge: The origin of the mylohyoid muscle (floor of the anterior part of the mouth).
    • Mandibular (Inferior Dental) Foramen: Oblique opening at the midpoint of the ramus, passage for the inferior dental nerve and artery.
    • Lingula: Lip of bone covering the anterior edge of the mandibular foramen.

    The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

    • The TMJ connects your mandible to your skull.
    • Located on both sides of your head in front of your ears.
    • Allows your jaw to move, enabling speaking and eating.

    The Temporomandibular Joint

    • Articulation between the mandibular condyle and the inferior surface of the temporal bone.
    • Bilateral articulation - both sides work as a unit.
    • Only visible and free moving articulation in the head.
    • Complex, co-ordinated jaw movements are controlled by reflexes.
    • Essential for speech and mastication.

    Bony Landmarks of the TMJ

    • Mandibular (glenoid) fossa.
    • Articular eminence of the temporal bone.
    • Mandibular condyle.

    Bones of the TMJ: Mandibular (Glenoid) Fossa

    • Depression in the temporal bone of the skull where the mandible sits.
    • Covered with a layer of cartilage for smooth movement.
    • Dense cortical bony surface, but thin at the roof.
    • Posterior to the articular eminence.

    Bones of the TMJ: Articular Eminence of the Temporal Bone

    • Front (anterior) of the fossa.
    • Gentle slope of bone.
    • Covered with cartilage.
    • Condyle moves forward over the eminence of bone on wide mouth opening, side to side movement or jaw protrusion - translation.

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    Related Documents

    Maxilla PDF
    The Mandible PDF
    The Temporo-mandibular Joint (TMJ) PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating structure and functions of the maxilla, also known as the upper jaw. This quiz covers the maxilla's composition, its articulating surfaces, and its various processes and functions in the facial skeleton. Enhance your understanding of this critical bone in human anatomy.

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