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Questions and Answers
What is the most common facial birth defect in the UK?
What is the most common facial birth defect in the UK?
- Cleft palate
- Cleft lip
- Facial asymmetry
- Cleft lip and palate (correct)
What surgical approach is typically taken for a cleft lip?
What surgical approach is typically taken for a cleft lip?
- Surgical revision in the first few months of life (correct)
- No surgical intervention is required
- Surgical revision after 1 year of age
- Only cosmetic adjustments after childhood
Which of the following is NOT a typical difficulty associated with cleft palate?
Which of the following is NOT a typical difficulty associated with cleft palate?
- Dental problems
- Vision problems (correct)
- Hearing problems
- Difficulty feeding
How may a cleft palate present in a patient?
How may a cleft palate present in a patient?
What can be a potential aesthetic outcome of modern surgery for cleft lip and palate?
What can be a potential aesthetic outcome of modern surgery for cleft lip and palate?
Which bone does the maxilla not articulate with?
Which bone does the maxilla not articulate with?
What is one of the main functions of the maxilla?
What is one of the main functions of the maxilla?
Which of the following is a surface feature of the maxilla?
Which of the following is a surface feature of the maxilla?
Which process of the maxilla forms the sockets for maxillary teeth?
Which process of the maxilla forms the sockets for maxillary teeth?
How do the maxillary teeth connect with the mandible?
How do the maxillary teeth connect with the mandible?
Which of the following correctly describes a feature of a cleft lip?
Which of the following correctly describes a feature of a cleft lip?
Which of the following bones is an internal articulation of the maxilla?
Which of the following bones is an internal articulation of the maxilla?
What does the maxilla help form in the skull structure?
What does the maxilla help form in the skull structure?
Which anatomical feature is associated with the maxilla?
Which anatomical feature is associated with the maxilla?
What type of joint allows articulation between the maxillary and mandibular teeth?
What type of joint allows articulation between the maxillary and mandibular teeth?
What does the zygomatic process of the maxilla articulate with?
What does the zygomatic process of the maxilla articulate with?
Which process of the maxilla helps form the roof of the oral cavity?
Which process of the maxilla helps form the roof of the oral cavity?
Which surface of the maxilla forms the floor of the orbit?
Which surface of the maxilla forms the floor of the orbit?
What is the primary function of the maxillary sinus?
What is the primary function of the maxillary sinus?
From which part of the maxilla does the frontal process project?
From which part of the maxilla does the frontal process project?
Which feature of the maxilla is associated with the alveolar margin?
Which feature of the maxilla is associated with the alveolar margin?
What condition is characterized by a developmental issue with the maxilla?
What condition is characterized by a developmental issue with the maxilla?
Which part of the maxilla articulates with three other bones including the frontal bone?
Which part of the maxilla articulates with three other bones including the frontal bone?
Which maxillary surface forms the wall of the infratemporal region?
Which maxillary surface forms the wall of the infratemporal region?
What is located on the medial surface of the maxilla?
What is located on the medial surface of the maxilla?
Which anatomical feature is found on the lateral aspect of the maxilla?
Which anatomical feature is found on the lateral aspect of the maxilla?
What is the function of the infra-orbital foramen in the maxilla?
What is the function of the infra-orbital foramen in the maxilla?
Which of the following features is NOT found on the medial view of the maxilla?
Which of the following features is NOT found on the medial view of the maxilla?
Which process of the maxilla is involved in connecting to the nasal cavity?
Which process of the maxilla is involved in connecting to the nasal cavity?
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Study Notes
Overview of the Maxilla
- The maxilla is the upper jaw, consisting of two joined maxillary bones.
- It significantly contributes to the upper facial skeleton and supports facial structure and fundamental oral functions.
Main Features of the Maxilla
- Forms parts of the face, including the infratemporal region and floor of the orbits.
- Contributes to the roof of the oral cavity and lateral wall of the nasal cavity.
Parts of the Maxilla
- Comprises four processes:
- Alveolar Process: Supports maxillary teeth and creates the upper dental arch.
- Zygomatic Process: Contributes to zygomatic arch articulation.
- Frontal Process: Connects with frontal, nasal, and lacrimal bones.
- Palatine Process: Forms the roof of the mouth and floor of the nasal cavity.
- Contains four surfaces:
- Facial surface that shapes the upper face.
- Nasal surface forming the lateral nasal cavity wall.
- Orbital surface serving as the orbit floor.
- Infratemporal surface creating the infratemporal region wall.
Articulations of the Maxilla
- Articulates with other bones including:
- Nasal bones, frontal, zygomatic, vomer, and palatine bones.
- Internally connects with the lacrimal, ethmoid bones, and inferior concha.
- Maxillary teeth connect with mandibular teeth through the temporomandibular joint.
Maxillary Sinus
- Present in each maxillary bone; a large air space extending from anterior facial surface to alveolar process.
- Closely related to maxillary molar roots, contributing to the drainage and resonance of the nasal cavity.
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
- Cleft Lip: May affect one or both sides; varies from slight notches to significant gaps reaching the nose.
- Cleft Palate: Can manifest as an opening at the back or a complete split extending to the front; often concealed by mucosal layers.
- Most common facial birth defect in the UK, occurring in approximately 1 in 700 births.
- Surgical repair in infancy can yield excellent aesthetic and functional outcomes.
Implications of Cleft Conditions
- May lead to complications such as:
- Difficulty in feeding.
- Hearing issues.
- Dental problems.
- Speech difficulties.
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