Matter and Its Composition
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of matter?

  • Anything that has mass and takes up space (correct)
  • Anything that has volume and takes up energy
  • Anything that has density and takes up matter
  • Anything that has weight and takes up time

    • What is the main part of an atom that has a positive charge?

  • Electron (correct)
  • Nucleus
  • Neutron
  • Proton

    • What state of matter has particles that are closely packed and have a fixed shape and volume?

  • Gas
  • Liquid
  • Plasma
  • Solid (correct)

    • What is a mixture?

    <p>A combination of two or more substances, where each substance maintains its chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing its chemical composition?

    <p>Physical property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of matter where atoms are ionized?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the negatively charged particle that orbits around the nucleus?

    <p>Electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a substance that consists of only one type of atom or molecule?

    <p>Pure substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of matter where particles are close together but are free to move past each other?

    <p>Liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Matter and Its Composition

    Definition of Matter

    • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
    • It is the physical substance that makes up all objects, living and non-living

    Composition of Matter

    • Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms
    • Atoms are made up of three main parts:
      1. Protons: positively charged particles that reside in the nucleus (center) of the atom
      2. Neutrons: particles with no charge that reside in the nucleus along with protons
      3. Electrons: negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus

    States of Matter

    • Matter can exist in four main states:
      1. Solid: particles are closely packed and have a fixed shape and volume
      2. Liquid: particles are close together but are free to move past each other
      3. Gas: particles are widely spaced and are free to move in any direction
      4. Plasma: high-energy state of matter where atoms are ionized (lost or gained electrons)

    Mixtures and Pure Substances

    • A mixture is a combination of two or more substances, where each substance maintains its chemical properties
    • A pure substance is a substance that consists of only one type of atom or molecule, with a fixed chemical composition

    Physical and Chemical Properties

    • Physical properties: characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing its chemical composition (e.g. color, texture, melting point)
    • Chemical properties: characteristics of a substance that involve a change in its chemical composition (e.g. reactivity with other substances)

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    Description

    Learn about the definition, composition, and states of matter, including mixtures, pure substances, and physical and chemical properties. Understand the basics of atoms, protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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