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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements best defines an element?
Which of the following statements best defines an element?
What are the three subatomic particles in an atom?
What are the three subatomic particles in an atom?
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Trace elements are not essential for bodily functions.
Trace elements are not essential for bodily functions.
False
An element's atomic number is the number of ______ in its nucleus.
An element's atomic number is the number of ______ in its nucleus.
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What is the mass number of an element?
What is the mass number of an element?
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What distinguishes isotopes of an element?
What distinguishes isotopes of an element?
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What are radioactive isotopes often used for in medicine?
What are radioactive isotopes often used for in medicine?
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Radiation is always harmful to living cells.
Radiation is always harmful to living cells.
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Neutrons and protons form the atomic ______.
Neutrons and protons form the atomic ______.
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What does the atomic mass of an atom approximate?
What does the atomic mass of an atom approximate?
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Study Notes
Matter and Elements
- Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.
- Matter is composed of elements.
- An element cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions.
- A compound is made up of two or more elements in a fixed ratio.
- Compounds have emergent properties different from those of their elements.
- Trace elements, such as iron, zinc, and iodine, are essential for various bodily functions in small amounts.
Atoms and Subatomic Particles
- Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element.
- Atoms are composed of subatomic particles:
- Neutrons have no electrical charge.
- Protons have a positive charge.
- Electrons have a negative charge.
- The atomic nucleus is formed by neutrons and protons.
- Electrons form a cloud of negative charge around the nucleus.
- Neutrons and protons have nearly the same mass.
- The mass of electrons is negligible when calculating the total mass of an atom.
Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
- Different elements have different numbers of subatomic particles.
- The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
- The mass number of an element is the sum of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
- The atomic mass of an atom can be approximated by its mass number.
Isotopes
- All atoms of an element have the same number of protons, but may differ in the number of neutrons.
- Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Radioactive Isotopes
- Some isotopes are stable, while others are unstable and radioactive.
- Radioactive isotopes decay over time, releasing energy in the form of radiation.
- Radioactive isotopes are used in medical diagnostics.
- Radiation can damage or destroy cells, making it useful for targeting cancer cells.
- Exposure to radiation can be harmful and lead to health complications.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of matter and elements with this quiz. Test your knowledge on atoms, subatomic particles, and the significance of trace elements. Perfect for students studying chemistry!
