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Questions and Answers
Which risk factor is associated with frequent pregnancies (3 or more in a 2-year period)?
Which risk factor is associated with frequent pregnancies (3 or more in a 2-year period)?
- Diabetes
- Alcohol consumption (correct)
- Malnutrition
- Hypertension
Which substance is associated with low birth weight when consumed during pregnancy?
Which substance is associated with low birth weight when consumed during pregnancy?
- Alcohol
- Lead
- Mercury
- Caffeine (correct)
Which age group is considered a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes?
Which age group is considered a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes?
- Between 30 and 35
- Between 25 and 30
- Older than 40
- Younger than 20 (correct)
Which micronutrient can be a teratogen in large amounts?
Which micronutrient can be a teratogen in large amounts?
Which factor is the leading cause of preventable birth defects?
Which factor is the leading cause of preventable birth defects?
Which condition can be a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes?
Which condition can be a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes?
Which substance, when prenatal exposure occurs, can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?
Which substance, when prenatal exposure occurs, can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?
Which condition is associated with the risk factor of having a history of poor obstetric or fetal outcome?
Which condition is associated with the risk factor of having a history of poor obstetric or fetal outcome?
Which substance is associated with being a teratogen that can cause birth defects?
Which substance is associated with being a teratogen that can cause birth defects?
Which substance, when consumed during pregnancy, is associated with the risk of hypertension?
Which substance, when consumed during pregnancy, is associated with the risk of hypertension?
What are the effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
What are the effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
What does the American Academy of Pediatrics advise regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy?
What does the American Academy of Pediatrics advise regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy?
What are the risks associated with cigarette smoke during pregnancy?
What are the risks associated with cigarette smoke during pregnancy?
What is the effect of eating certain types of fish during pregnancy?
What is the effect of eating certain types of fish during pregnancy?
What happened to total fish intake in pregnant women after the 2001 public health notice?
What happened to total fish intake in pregnant women after the 2001 public health notice?
What do infants born to fish-eating mothers score higher on?
What do infants born to fish-eating mothers score higher on?
What do some studies suggest about the effect of DHA on the brain?
What do some studies suggest about the effect of DHA on the brain?
What does lactation involve?
What does lactation involve?
What are the risks associated with cocaine during pregnancy?
What are the risks associated with cocaine during pregnancy?
What is the recommendation for pregnant women and parents on eating fish and other protein-rich foods?
What is the recommendation for pregnant women and parents on eating fish and other protein-rich foods?
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Study Notes
Effects of Maternal Nutrition on Fetal Development and Lactation
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) causes facial deformities, growth and mental retardation
- American Academy of Pediatrics advises against alcohol consumption during pregnancy
- Cigarette smoke leads to low birth weight and increased risk for neurobehavioral problems
- Cocaine poses risks to mother and fetus, while some prescription drugs can also affect the fetus
- Eating certain types of fish during pregnancy can expose the fetus to methyl mercury contamination
- Public health notice in 2001 warned pregnant women about the dangers of consuming certain fish
- Total fish intake decreased in pregnant women after the public health notice
- Fish intake provides omega-3 fatty acids necessary for the developing brain
- Infants born to fish-eating mothers score higher on cognitive tests due to increased DHA in their diet
- Some studies suggest that the effect of DHA on the brain outweighs the mercury effect
- Recommendations for pregnant women and parents on eating fish and other protein-rich foods
- Lactation involves the synthesis of milk components, including protein, lactose, and lipids, and the movement of milk through the milk ducts to the nipple
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