Maternal Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation and Children's Cognition in Indonesia

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Questions and Answers

What was the effect of maternal multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation on procedural memory in children?

  • No significant effect on procedural memory
  • Decreased procedural memory equivalent to half a year of schooling
  • Improved procedural memory equivalent to one year of schooling
  • Improved procedural memory equivalent to half a year of schooling (correct)

What was the effect of maternal anemia in the MMN group on general intellectual ability in children?

  • Increased general intellectual ability equivalent to one year of schooling
  • Decreased general intellectual ability equivalent to half a year of schooling
  • Increased general intellectual ability equivalent to half a year of schooling (correct)
  • No significant effect on general intellectual ability

In the multiple regression models, what was the impact of socioenvironmental determinants compared to biomedical determinants on the outcomes?

  • Biomedical determinants had larger and more consistent impact
  • Both socioenvironmental and biomedical determinants had equal impact
  • The impact of determinants was not statistically significant
  • Socioenvironmental determinants had larger and more consistent impact (correct)

How many tests showed a positive coefficient of MMN versus IFA?

<p>18 out of 21 tests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the mean difference in general intellectual ability between MMN and IFA groups?

<p>$0.11 SD (0.01–0.20)$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Supplementation with Multiple Micronutrients Intervention Trial (SUMMIT) in Indonesia?

<p>Improving maternal nutrition during pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe for the critical period of brain and cognitive development mentioned in the text?

<p>First 1000 days from conception (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the percentage of children re-enrolled for the follow-up study at age 9-12 years?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were 574 children oversampled for the follow-up study?

<p>Their mothers were anaemic or malnourished at SUMMIT enrolment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the need for an improved understanding of long-term influences of factors mentioned in the text?

<p>To prioritize public health investments for optimizing human development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of maternal multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation on general intellectual ability in children?

<p>It resulted in a mean score increase of 0.11 SD in general intellectual ability compared to IFA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of maternal anemia in the MMN group on procedural memory in children?

<p>It resulted in a higher score in procedural memory compared to the IFA group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the multiple regression models, what was the impact of socioenvironmental determinants compared to biomedical determinants on academic achievement?

<p>Socioenvironmental determinants had a larger and more consistent impact than biomedical determinants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the mean difference in fine motor dexterity between children of mothers given MMN and those given IFA?

<p>The mean difference was not significant between the two groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tests showed a positive coefficient of MMN versus IFA, and what does this indicate?

<p>18 tests showed a positive coefficient of MMN versus IFA, indicating a significant difference between the two groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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