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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of Family Centered Practice?
What is the primary focus of Family Centered Practice?
- Emphasizing the role of the family in decision making (correct)
- Focusing on individual needs without family input
- Prioritizing patient autonomy over family input
- Involvement of healthcare professionals in decision making
What does cultural competency primarily enable an individual to do?
What does cultural competency primarily enable an individual to do?
- Work effectively with clients from only one culture
- Adopt culturally diverse practices without analysis
- Function effectively with culturally diverse clients (correct)
- Avoid discussions about cultural differences
What condition is characterized by high muscle tone?
What condition is characterized by high muscle tone?
- Hypotonic
- Dystrophin
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Hypertonic (correct)
What is the consequence of hyperglycemia in a pregnant mother?
What is the consequence of hyperglycemia in a pregnant mother?
Which of the following represents a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy?
Which of the following represents a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy?
What does dystrophin deficiency lead to in terms of muscle health?
What does dystrophin deficiency lead to in terms of muscle health?
What condition is characterized by hypertension occurring after the 20th week of gestation along with either proteinuria or edema?
What condition is characterized by hypertension occurring after the 20th week of gestation along with either proteinuria or edema?
Which risk factor is most commonly associated with preterm labor?
Which risk factor is most commonly associated with preterm labor?
What defines chronic hypertension?
What defines chronic hypertension?
Which condition is NOT typically associated with maternal conditions during pregnancy?
Which condition is NOT typically associated with maternal conditions during pregnancy?
What defines preterm membrane rupture?
What defines preterm membrane rupture?
Which condition can complicate preeclampsia?
Which condition can complicate preeclampsia?
What is the typical gestational age range for preterm labor to occur?
What is the typical gestational age range for preterm labor to occur?
What is a significant cause of maternal and fetal death associated with pregnancy?
What is a significant cause of maternal and fetal death associated with pregnancy?
Which condition is a known complication of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Which condition is a known complication of hyperemesis gravidarum?
What percentage of neonatal deaths is associated with preterm labor?
What percentage of neonatal deaths is associated with preterm labor?
What does VLBW stand for?
What does VLBW stand for?
Which of the following conditions is related to low birth weight infants?
Which of the following conditions is related to low birth weight infants?
What does ROP stand for in neonatal conditions?
What does ROP stand for in neonatal conditions?
Which of the following disorders is a type of Muscular Dystrophy?
Which of the following disorders is a type of Muscular Dystrophy?
What condition does ELBW refer to?
What condition does ELBW refer to?
Which of the following is true regarding CP?
Which of the following is true regarding CP?
What does NEC stand for in neonatal care?
What does NEC stand for in neonatal care?
What is the primary focus of TLR in infant development?
What is the primary focus of TLR in infant development?
What condition occurs when the placenta implants low in the uterus and lies over the cervical opening?
What condition occurs when the placenta implants low in the uterus and lies over the cervical opening?
Which of the following is true regarding multiple gestation?
Which of the following is true regarding multiple gestation?
What is a common result of an abnormal presentation during labor?
What is a common result of an abnormal presentation during labor?
What type of placenta abnormality occurs when it attaches itself to the muscular wall of the uterus?
What type of placenta abnormality occurs when it attaches itself to the muscular wall of the uterus?
Which of these best describes a condition of umbilical cord prolapse?
Which of these best describes a condition of umbilical cord prolapse?
What is a potential consequence of birth injury and defects?
What is a potential consequence of birth injury and defects?
What does AGA stand for in relation to gestational age?
What does AGA stand for in relation to gestational age?
Which term refers to an infant being smaller than expected for the given gestational age?
Which term refers to an infant being smaller than expected for the given gestational age?
Study Notes
Family Centered Practice
- Emphasizes the role of the family in decision-making, believing parents know best.
Cultural Competency
- Behaviors and attitudes that enable individuals to work effectively with clients from diverse backgrounds.
Muscle Tone
- Hypertonic: High muscle tone.
- Hypotonic: Low muscle tone
Muscular Dystrophy (MD)
- Characterized by the absence or low levels of dystrophin, a protein critical for muscle function.
- Causes muscle fragility and damage.
Maternal Conditions
- Diabetes:
- Hyperglycemia in the mother can lead to severe hypoglycemia in the infant after birth.
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy:
- Chronic hypertension.
- Preeclampsia-eclampsia.
- Pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension.
- Transient hypertension.
- Trauma & Abuse:
- Preterm labor is the most common outcome.
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP)
- Chronic Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure (≥ 140/90) present before pregnancy or before 20 weeks gestation.
- Preeclampsia-eclampsia: Hypertension after 20 weeks gestation with proteinuria or edema.
- Pre-eclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension: Preeclampsia complicating existing hypertension from conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, or common hypertension.
- Transient Hypertension: Gestational hypertension or hypertension in the later half of pregnancy. Affects 10-20% of pregnancies.
Obstetric Conditions
- Preterm Labor: Occurs between 24-34 weeks gestation. Contributes to 85% of neonatal deaths. Associated with placental hemorrhaging and hypertension.
- Preterm Membrane Rupture: Premature rupture of the amniotic sac. Can lead to chorioamnionitis, a bacterial infection of the amniotic membranes.
- Placental Abruption: Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. A significant cause of both maternal and fetal death.
- Umbilical Cord Prolapse: Occurs when the umbilical cord descends into the birth canal ahead of the infant during labor. Can compress the cord, compromising blood flow to the fetus.
Special Conditions
- Abnormal Placentation:
- Placenta Previa: Placenta is implanted low in the uterus and lies over the cervical opening.
- Placenta Accrete: Placenta abnormally attaches itself to the muscular wall of the uterus.
- Multiple Gestation: Significantly increases the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm labor.
- Abnormal Presentation:
- Breech: The fetal butt or lower extremities present during labor.
- Birth Injury & Defects:
- Facial nerve palsy.
- Clavicle fracture.
- Brachial plexus injury.
Abbreviations
- HEP: Home exercise program
- IEP: Individualized Educational Program
- ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health
- GA: Gestational age (age of embryo)
- AGA: Appropriate for gestational age
- SGA: Small for gestational age
- LGA: Large for gestational age
- LBW: Low birth weight
- VLBW: Very low birth weight
- ELBW: Extremely low birth weight
- RDS: Respiratory distress syndrome
- BPD: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- IVH: Intraventricular hemorrhage
- PVL: Periventricular leukomalacia
- ROP: Retinopathy of prematurity
- NEC: Necrotizing enterocolitis
- CP: Cerebral Palsy
- TLR: Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex
- MR: Mental Retardation
- BLE/BUE: Both lower/upper extremities
- MD: Muscular Dystrophy
- BMD: Becker MD
- DMD: Duchenne MD
- FMD: Facioscapulohumeral MD
- LGMS: Limb-girdle MD
- MMD: Myotonic MD
- CMD: Congenital MD
- OMD: Oculopharyngeal MD
- DD: Distal MD
- EDMD: Emery Dreifuss MD
- LOC: Loss of consciousness
- JRA: Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- AMC: Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
- IR: Internal rotation
- ASD: Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Description
Explore the critical aspects of maternal health, focusing on family-centered practices, cultural competency, and the impact of various maternal conditions like diabetes and hypertension. This quiz addresses muscle tone variations and muscular dystrophy, emphasizing their relevance in maternal and infant health. Understand the importance of cultural sensitivity in healthcare settings.
