Maternal Care Antepartum Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the duration of a typical pregnancy measured in days?

250 to 260 days

267 to 280 days (correct)

300 to 310 days

290 to 300 days

How is the Age of Gestation (AOG) calculated?

Total months from LMP multiplied by 4

Total days from LMP divided by 7 (correct)

Total days from LMP divided by 30

Total weeks from LMP multiplied by 9

What is the first trimester of pregnancy defined as?

Weeks 13–26

Weeks 1–10

Weeks 1–12 (correct)

Weeks 27–40

What is the Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD) based on for determining delivery dates?

Adding 9 months and 7 days to LMP Signup and view all the answers

How many lunar months are typically considered in the duration of a pregnancy?

10 lunar months Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of prenatal care?

Promoting maternal health Signup and view all the answers

How long is the second trimester of pregnancy?

Weeks 13–26 Signup and view all the answers

What is typically indicated by an EDC?

Estimated Date of Confinement Signup and view all the answers

What indicates the beginning of cervical dilation during true labor?

Rupture of membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a sign of true labor?

Presence of bloody show Signup and view all the answers

Which statement differentiates true labor from false labor?

Only true labor results in cervical dilation. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the effacing process of the cervix?

Cervical shortening and thinning Signup and view all the answers

Which bones are important for molding the fetal skull during delivery?

Frontal and parietal bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of collecting demographic data during a prenatal visit?

To assess the pregnancy status using the GTPAL system Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a prenatal visit is critical for determining fetal well-being?

Evaluation of fetal heart sounds Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'G' in the GTPAL system represent?

Gravidity - total pregnancies Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of documenting the Last Menstrual Period (LMP) during the initial interview?

To provide a better assessment of the current pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicates a patient with four pregnancies, three of which have reached viability?

G4, P3 Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT typically collected during the initial interview of a prenatal visit?

Fetal heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What term describes pregnancies that have reached viability, defined as greater than 24 weeks?

Term births Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is included in the assessment of family history during a prenatal visit?

Support systems Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Gravida' refer to in prenatal care?

Total number of pregnancies experienced by a woman Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks of pregnancy are bi-monthly visits recommended for a normal pregnancy?

32-36 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of visits for a high-risk pregnancy from 30 to 36 weeks AOG?

Weekly visits Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for a woman who is pregnant for the first time?

Primigravida Signup and view all the answers

What signifies a normal pregnancy in terms of prenatal visits during the first trimester?

Visits as soon as possible after the missed menstrual period Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component typically assessed during a prenatal visit?

Mental health status evaluation Signup and view all the answers

At what point during a high-risk pregnancy are visits typically held twice a week?

From 37 weeks AOG until delivery Signup and view all the answers

What does 'menarche' refer to in the context of obstetrics?

The first occurrence of menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of expectant parenting classes for mothers?

Stages of pregnancy and sibling education Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for fetal assessment during pregnancy?

Hydrotherapy Signup and view all the answers

What does a nonreactive non-stress test (NST) potentially indicate?

Fetal hypoxia or fetal sleep cycle Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of labor is referred to as the 'four Ps'?

Passage, Passenger, Powers, Psyche Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the amniotic fluid assessment?

To evaluate fetal lung maturity Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to naturally induce contractions for fetal assessment?

Nipple stimulation stress test Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'Psyche' play in the components of labor?

Affects the mother's attitude towards labor Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern associated with hydrotherapy during childbirth?

Contamination of water Signup and view all the answers

What primarily triggers the initiation of uterine contractions during labor?

Pressure from the fetal head on the cervix Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that labor begins when the uterus distends beyond its normal capacity?

Uterine stretch theory Signup and view all the answers

What phase follows the apex/acme of a uterine contraction?

Decrescendo phase Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of contractions refers to the length of time each contraction lasts?

Duration Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is NOT considered a premonitory sign of labor?

Increased appetite Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of secondary power during labor?

To facilitate voluntary maternal pushing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is a uterine relaxant that decreases as labor approaches?

Progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by effacement during labor?

The thinning and shortening of the cervix Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Care During Antepartum Period

Antepartum period is the time before labor and delivery, crucial for maternal and fetal health.
The goal is optimal maternal and fetal well-being.
Methods of estimating delivery date (EDD/EDC) include Naegele's Rule.
For LMP April-December, subtract 3 months, add 7 days, and add a year to the LMP.
For LMP January-March, add 9 months and 7 days to the LMP.
Age of gestation (AOG) is calculated from the last menstrual period (LMP) to the consultation date, dividing the days by seven to get weeks.
Key terms include EDD, EDC, EDB, gravida, gravidity, primigravida, multigravida.
Key terms also include parity, primipara, multipara, grand multipara, age of viability, abortion, preterm infant, post-term infant.

Duration of Pregnancy

Pregnancy generally lasts 267-280 days, approximately 37 to 42 weeks or 10 lunar months.
A lunar month is approximately 4 weeks.

Trimesters of Pregnancy

First trimester (weeks 1-12).
Second trimester (weeks 13-26).
Third trimester (weeks 27-40).

Goal of Prenatal Care

Promoting maternal health and fetal development.
Early detection and management of potential risks.
Educating mothers on labor, postpartum, and infant care.
Fostering self-efficacy and preparedness.

Schedule of Prenatal Visits

Frequency varies based on pregnancy risk level.
Normal pregnancy: monthly visits (0-32 weeks), bi-monthly (32-36 weeks), weekly (36-40 weeks).
High-risk pregnancy: every 2 weeks until 30 weeks, weekly from 30-36 weeks, twice a week from 37 weeks until delivery.

Components of Prenatal Visit

Establishing rapport and gathering significant medical and family history.
Demographic data collection
Chief concerns - LMP, early pregnancy signs
Family and medical history
History of past illnesses, allergies, and immunizations
Review of systems for overall health assessment.
Gynecologic history.

Care of a Woman: Prenatal Period (2)

Pelvic examinations, including external and internal genitalia assessment, cervical os appearance, vaginal inspection and rectovaginal examination.
Fetal activity assessment - Daily fetal movement count (DFMC), checking for 10-12 movements within an hour, usually starting from the 27th week of pregnancy.
Determining pelvic size types and characteristics (Gynecoid, Anthropoid, Platypelloid, Android).
Laboratory examinations like blood tests (CBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, VDRL, HIV, Rh factor, MSAFP).
Additional tests such as indirect Coombs test, RhoGAM (if indicated), urinalysis, and tuberculosis screening.
Vaccines for pregnant women: influenza, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis.

Psychological Tasks during Pregnancy

Acceptance of pregnancy during different stages.
Emotional responses- ambivalence, grief, narcissistic, introversion/extroversion, fluctuating body image and boundaries.
Emotional stressors include need for support and mood swings, couvade syndrome
Sexual desire changes

Health Promotion and Labor Preparations

Self-care, dental care, perineal hygiene, dressing, breast care.
Sexual activity considerations and precautions.
Work and travel precautions.
Exercise, sleep.
Preparing for childbirth (education classes) and pain management methods.
Preparing for cesarean birth, including various methods, and sibling education classes.

Intrapartum Period

Intrapartum care encompasses care from labor admission to the immediate postpartum.
Labor (parturition) and delivery processes.
The four "P's" of labor: Passage (pelvis and soft tissues), Passenger (fetus, placenta), Powers (uterine contractions), Psyche (mother's attitude).
Theories of labor: uterine stretch, oxytocin stimulation, progesterone deprivation, prostaglandin, aging placenta theory
Signs of true labor: rupture of membranes, bloody show, painful, regular uterine contractions.
Distinguishing between true and false labor.

Stages of Labor and Delivery

Stages of labor: first stage (dilatation), second stage (fetal expulsion), third stage (placental expulsion), fourth stage (puerperium/recovery).
Essential intrapartum care: mobility, pain techniques (effleurage), partograph to monitor labor, avoiding certain interventions unless necessary.
Second Stage
Third Stage and Placental expulsion signs and time duration
Fourth stage / Recovery period.

Important Pelvic Measurements

Diagonal conjugate, obstetrical conjugate, interspinous diameter, intertuberous diameter.
Types of pelvis (Gynecoid, Android, Anthropoid, Platypelloid).
Psychological response of the mother and importance of a positive outlook.

Fetal presentation and position

Fetal lie (longitudinal, transverse), fetal attitude (flexion, extension), fetal presentation (vertex, brow, face, breech, footling breech).
Fetal position (e.g., LOA, ROP)
Diameters of the fetal skull.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the antepartum period including key concepts such as estimating delivery dates, age of gestation, and important terminologies. Understand the significance of maternal and fetal health during this crucial phase of pregnancy. This quiz covers the duration of pregnancy and the trimesters involved.